Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel Burkhoff, Veli K. Topkara, Gabriel Sayer, Nir Uriel
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of research into LVAD therapy for heart failure, including the hemodynamic effects of LVAD support and the structural, cellular, and molecular aspects of LVAD-associated reverse remodeling. The review also discusses the synergistic effects of LVAD support with heart failure therapies on clinical outcomes and myocardial biology.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaobing Zheng, Yunfan Pan, Yuan Zhang, Kuilin Meng, Jianye Zhou, Xin Wang, Yongchun Cui, Jiang Li, Yongjian Li, Haosheng Chen
Summary: This study developed an interventional sonothrombolysis method for thrombolysis on LVAD, which involves installing ultrasound transducer rings and injecting drug-loaded microbubbles into the LVAD. The proof-of-concept experiment demonstrated that this method is more efficient and safer compared with other thrombolysis methods on LVAD.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Deepak Acharya, Toshinobu Kazui, Dina Al Rameni, Tushar Acharya, Edward Betterton, Elizabeth Juneman, Renzo Loyaga-Rendon, Kapildeo Lotun, Ranjith Shetty, Arka Chatterjee
Summary: Aortic valve disorders, including pre-existing and de novo aortic insufficiency, can lead to worsened LVAD effectiveness and heart failure symptoms. Severe AI is associated with poor outcomes in LVAD patients. Diagnosis of AI requires echocardiographic, device assessment, and/or catheterization studies, as standard echocardiographic criteria are insufficient. Management includes repair or replacement of the aortic valve at the time of LVAD implantation for pre-existing AI, while de novo AI on LVAD support poses challenges and may require repeat surgical intervention or percutaneous techniques.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aaron Shoskes, Tracey H. Fan, Randall C. Starling, Sung-Min Cho
Summary: The use of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) has significantly improved the care of patients with advanced heart failure, increasing their survival rate before heart transplantation and providing enhanced quality of life for those unable to undergo transplantation. However, the use of LVADs is associated with neurological complications. This review discusses the incidence, risk factors, and management of these complications among LVAD patients. While guidelines for the evaluation and management of neurological complications in LVAD patients are limited, early detection through heightened awareness can lead to improved overall neurological outcomes. A better understanding of the effects of continuous circulatory flow on systemic and cerebral vasculature is crucial in reducing the occurrence of neurological complications in this population.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ian B. Hollis, Christina T. Doligalski, Douglas J. Jennings
Summary: LVADs have greatly improved the care of heart failure patients, but still require medications for optimal clinical outcomes. Guidelines for medication management were largely based on ISHLT guidance from 2013. Since then, multidisciplinary publications have enhanced understanding of medication practices in the LVAD community.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gennaro Martucci, Federico Pappalardo, Harikesh Subramanian, Giulia Ingoglia, Elena Conoscenti, Antonio Arcadipane
Summary: Heart failure remains a major global cause of morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. Advances in LVAD technology offer hope for HF patients, but research and attention to endocrine function are also crucial.
Article
Oncology
Ilana Schlam, Andy Y. Lee, Song Li, Farooq H. Sheikh, Raja Zaghlol, Binaya Basyal, Christopher Gallagher, Ezequiel Molina, Claudius Mahr, Richard K. Cheng, Ana Barac
Summary: The study described cancer treatment approaches, complications, and survival among patients with active cancer on LVAD support. Cancer diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of death. Patients with cancer had fewer gastrointestinal bleeding compared with non-cancer comparators.
JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Olina Dagher, Marcel Santalo-Corcoy, Nils Perrin, Jean-Francois Dorval, Neal Duggal, Thomas Modine, Anique Ducharme, Yoan Lamarche, Pierre-Emmanuel Noly, Anita Asgar, Walid Ben Ali
Summary: Aortic, mitral, and tricuspid valve regurgitation is common in patients with CF-LVAD and can have significant negative effects on survival and quality of life. Percutaneous approaches have emerged as an attractive option for managing valvular heart disease in this patient population, with promising results but concerns about complications. This review explores the pathophysiology, current recommendations, and evidence related to transcatheter heart valve interventions in patients with CF-LVAD.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ovais Inamullah, Yuting P. Chiang, Muath Bishawi, Martin Weiss, Michael W. Lutz, Laura J. Blue, Wayne Feng, Carmelo A. Milano, Matthew Luedke, Nada El Husseini
Summary: This retrospective cohort study examined strokes in patients receiving Heartmate 3 (HM3) or Heartware (HVAD) LVADs. Ischemic strokes were more common, but hemorrhagic strokes had higher in-patient mortality, especially in the setting of concurrent infections. Infections, abnormal INR levels, and comorbid cardiovascular risk factors may all contribute to the burden of strokes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sunit-Preet Chaudhry, Adam D. DeVore, Himabindu Vidula, Michael Nassif, Karol Mudy, Edo Y. Birati, Timothy Gong, Pavan Atluri, Duc Pham, Benjamin Sun, Aditya Bansal, Samer S. Najjar
Summary: This review provides an overview of durable LVADs, discussing patient selection and the basic principles of LVAD care. It also covers common complications associated with LVAD therapy. The goal is to help general cardiologists recognize potential LVAD candidates and understand the principles of managing LVAD patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Shulei Li, Donghai Jin, Xingmin Gui
Summary: The study develops a new model for simulating the dynamic characteristics of LVADs and the cardiovascular system under constant-speed modes. The hysteresis model, based on the hysteresis effect and turbomachinery principles, shows improved accuracy compared to the inertia model. It provides a general calculation method and accurate estimation of unsteady dynamic characteristics, making it significant for preliminary design stages without a physical pump prototype.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Konstantinos Magkoutas, Philip Arm, Mirko Meboldt, Marianne Schmid Daners
Summary: Continuous flow ventricular assist devices (cfVADs) are increasingly used to treat end-stage heart failure patients. However, current controllers do not consider the lack of pulsatility in cfVAD operation, which is important for the physiological function of the cardiovascular system. This study presents a physiological data-driven iterative learning controller (PDD-ILC) that accurately tracks pump flow trajectories, aiming to achieve physiological, pulsatile, and treatment-driven response of cfVADs.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Charity Inyom, Thomas Haese, Felix Schoenrath, Evgenij Potapov, Jan Knierim
Summary: Using a phenomenological approach, this study explored the lived experiences of LVAD patients, identifying 8 themes affecting their quality of life, including health status, device burdens, physical limitations, reduced social interactions, decreased sexual activity, emotional issues, family support, and optimism. The study highlights the importance of addressing these factors in pre-implantation counseling and ongoing care for LVAD patients, as they play a significant role in overall patient wellbeing.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xinlin J. Chen, Emma T. LaPorte, Cameron Olsen, Leslie M. Collins, Priyesh Patel, Ravi Karra, Boyla O. Mainsah
Summary: LVADs are surgically implanted mechanical pumps that improve survival rates of individuals with advanced heart failure, but monitoring for complications poses challenges. Analyzing precordial sounds enables real-time, remote monitoring of LVAD and cardiac function. The study provides evidence of the clinical utility of heart sound analysis for bedside and remote monitoring of LVAD recipients.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cecilia Veraar, Arabella Fischer, Martin H. Bernardi, Isabella Worf, Mohamed Mouhieddine, Thomas Schloeglhofer, Dominik Wiedemann, Martin Dworschak, Edda Tschernko, Andrea Lassnigg, Michael Hiesmayr
Summary: Reduced oxygen consumption (VO2) has a negative impact on the survival of patients after cardiac surgery, but its efficiency as a predictive marker in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is still unclear. In this study, we found that VO2 predicted in-hospital, 1-year, and 6-year survival with a high accuracy. LVAD patients with a VO2 below 210 mL/min had a higher mortality rate. Reduced VO2 was also an independent predictor for in-hospital and long-term mortality. The findings suggest the importance of focusing on microcirculatory perfusion and mitochondrial functioning in perioperative and intensive care medicine.
