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Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jennifer Lising Roxas, Shylaja Ramamurthy, Katie Cocchi, Ilga Rutins, Anusha Harishankar, Al Agellon, John Scott Wilbur, Gresa Sylejmani, Gayatri Vedantam, V. K. Viswanathan
Summary: Bacterial pathogens manipulate host cell structures and functions, contributing to disease symptoms. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) secretes proteins that alter host cell behavior. Two secreted proteins, EspZ and EspH, have contrasting effects on host mitochondria. EspZ interacts with FIS1 and protects the host mitochondrial network, enhancing host cell viability. In contrast, EspH increases FIS1 and leads to significant mitochondrial fragmentation and host cell death, facilitating pathogen dispersal.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge Soria-Bustos, Zeus Saldana-Ahuactzi, Partha Samadder, Jorge A. Yanez-Santos, Ygnacio Martinez Laguna, Maria L. Cedillo-Ramirez, Jorge A. Giron
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between flagella expression and the type III secretion system (T3SS) in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). The results suggest that the assembly of an intact T3SS is required for flagella production, and certain regulator genes play a role in activating or inhibiting flagella expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Jun Bong Lee, Se Kye Kim, Jang Won Yoon
Summary: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a major cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries, and sporadic outbreaks in developed countries have also been reported. The stringent response, mediated by guanosine tetraphosphate, plays a significant role in EPEC infection, but its biological significance in the interaction with the host during gastrointestinal tract infection is unclear.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Sanchez-Garrido, David Ruano-Gallego, Jyoti S. Choudhary, Gad Frankel
Summary: Recent studies have shown that T3SS effectors interact with each other in the host, revealing their interdependency and context-dependent essentiality, which is of great significance for understanding the pathogenesis of the pathogens.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoshen Wang, Guimei Yu, Yanan Wen, Qiyin An, Xuzichao Li, Fumeng Liao, Chengwei Lian, Kai Zhang, Hang Yin, Yong Wei, Zengqin Deng, Heng Zhang
Summary: The type III-E CRISPR-Cas systems are newly discovered adaptive immune systems in prokaryotes that can cleave target RNA using a single Cas7-11 protein. This study demonstrated the functional linkage between the RNase and protease activities in type III-E systems and elucidated the mechanisms underlying the target RNA-guided proteolytic activity of Csx29. The findings will guide further developments leveraging this simple RNA targeting system for RNA and protein-related applications.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Lindsey Dzierozynski, Jessica Queen, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This commentary discusses the influence of host genetics on the microbiome and highlights the need for mechanistic experimental studies to understand the interplay between host genes and the microbiome.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenlong Zhu, Stuart McQuarrie, Sabine Gruschow, Stephen A. McMahon, Shirley Graham, Tracey M. Gloster, Malcolm F. White
Summary: A newly discovered CARF family effector named Can2 is found to provide effective immunity against plasmid transformation and bacteriophage infection in Escherichia coli by being activated by cyclic tetra-adenylate (cA(4)) and displaying both DNase and RNase activity. The structure of Can2 in complex with cA(4) reveals a potential mechanism for the cA(4)-mediated activation of the enzyme, where an active site cleft is exposed upon activator binding. These findings enhance our understanding of type III CRISPR cOA signaling and effector function.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Amandine Guerin, Nathan H. Roy, Emily M. Kugler, Laurence Berry, Janis K. Burkhardt, Jung-Bum Shin, Boris Striepen
Summary: This study reveals the molecular mechanisms of Cryptosporidium invading host cells, identifying multiple parasite proteins injected into the host cell and a unique mechanism. One identified effector, ROP1, accumulates in the host cell's terminal web through direct interaction with the host protein LMO7, impacting parasite burden in vivo when genetically ablated.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ashok R. Nayak, Pradip K. Singh, Jinlei Zhao, Montserrat Samso, Michael S. Donnenberg
Summary: Type 4 pili are important surface appendages on bacteria and archaea that can extend and retract with great force. This study presents the detailed structure of an enzyme that converts chemical energy to mechanical energy in a human pathogen, revealing a mechanism of action not previously seen in enzymes that power type 4 pilus extension.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Timothy L. Cover
Summary: A split luciferase assay was developed to monitor the T4SS-mediated translocation of CagA into host cells in real-time, facilitating the quantitative analysis of CagA translocation and the kinetics of its delivery. This system also confirmed the importance of protein unfolding for secretion by the Cag T4SS.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Xuan Leong, Margot Raffeiner, Daniela Spinti, Gautier Langin, Mirita Franz-Wachtel, Andrew R. Guzman, Jung-Gun Kim, Pooja Pandey, Alyona E. Minina, Boris Macek, Anders Hafren, Tolga O. Bozkurt, Mary Beth Mudgett, Frederik Boernke, Daniel Hofius, Suayib Uestuen
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in plant-bacteria interactions, where antimicrobial autophagy degrades intracellular pathogens and reveals a pathogen strategy of escaping elimination by hijacking the autophagy mechanism.
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuki Kato, Sae Okazaki, Cian Schmitt-Ulms, Kaiyi Jiang, Wenyuan Zhou, Junichiro Ishikawa, Yukari Isayama, Shungo Adachi, Tomohiro Nishizawa, Kira S. Makarova, Eugene V. Koonin, Omar O. Abudayyeh, Jonathan S. Gootenberg, Hiroshi Nishimasu
Summary: The type III-E CRISPR-Cas7-11 effector can catalyze crRNA-guided RNA cleavage by binding crRNA and Csx29, and the binding of tgRNA induces conformational changes in Csx29. Csx29 cleaves Csx30 through a tgRNA-dependent pathway, resulting in the generation of toxic protein fragments and growth arrest, which is regulated by Csx31. Csx30 modulates the cellular response to infection by binding Csx31 and the associated sigma factor RpoE. Additionally, the Cas7-11-Csx29-Csx30 system has been engineered for programmable RNA sensing in mammalian cells.
Article
Microbiology
Fabiola Avelino-Flores, Jorge Soria-Bustos, Zeus Saldana-Ahuactzi, Ygnacio Martinez-Laguna, Jorge A. Yanez-Santos, Maria L. Cedillo-Ramirez, Jorge A. Giron
Summary: The study investigated the influence of various environmental and nutritional signals on the expression of the flagellin gene in EPEC, finding that specific conditions can significantly enhance fliC transcription. When EPEC encounters certain signals in the intestinal niche, it may activate fliC expression to promote growth and colonization in the host.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Theodore A. Chavkin, Loc-Duyen Pham, Aleksandar Kostic
Summary: The study found that oral probiotics EcN can reduce postprandial glycemic response in mice, but not through direct glucose uptake. Further exploration is needed to understand the potential indirect mechanisms of EcN on host glucose metabolism.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Raisa Shtuhin-Rahav, Aaron Olender, Efrat Zlotkin-Rivkin, Etan Amse Bouman, Tsafi Danieli, Yael Nir-Keren, Aryeh M. Weiss, Ipsita Nandi, Benjamin Aroeti
Summary: This study found that specific EPEC type III secreted effectors, EspF and Map, can induce lytic host cell death and lysosomal exocytosis (LE), resulting in the secretion of lysosomal enzymes into the extracellular environment and the appearance of the lysosomal membrane protein, Lamp-1, on the infected cell surface. Meanwhile, an EPEC effector, EspZ, inhibits LE and protects against lytic cell death.
Article
Immunology
Jenny-Lee Thomassin, Jean-Mathieu Leclerc, Natalia Giannakopoulou, Lei Zhu, Kristiana Salmon, Andrea Portt, France Daigle, Herve Le Moual, Samantha Gruenheid
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2017)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katherine A. Dunn, Jessica Moore-Connors, Brad MacIntyre, Andrew Stadnyk, Nikhil A. Thomas, Angela Noble, Gamal Mahdi, Mohsin Rashid, Anthony R. Otley, Joseph P. Bielawski, Johan Van Limbergen
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2016)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katherine A. Dunn, Jessica Moore-Connors, Brad MacIntyre, Andrew W. Stadnyk, Nikhil A. Thomas, Angela Noble, Gamal Mahdi, Mohsin Rashid, Anthony R. Otley, Joseph P. Bielawski, Johan Van Limbergen
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2016)
Article
Microbiology
Garima Kulshreshtha, Tudor Borza, Bruce Rathgeber, Glenn S. Stratton, Nikhil A. Thomas, Alan Critchley, Jeff Hafting, Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jenny-Lee Thomassin, Javier Santos Moreno, Ingrid Guilvout, Guy Tran Van Nhieu, Olivera Francetic
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Microbiology
Garima Kulshreshtha, Bruce Rathgeber, Janice Maclsaac, Martine Boulianne, Lehoux Brigitte, Glenn Stratton, Nikhil A. Thomas, Alan T. Critchley, Jeff Hafting, Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Microbiology
Aracelys Lopez-Castilla, Jenny-Lee Thomassin, Benjamin Bardiaux, Weili Zheng, Mangayarkarasi Nivaskumar, Xiong Yu, Michael Nilges, Edward H. Egelman, Nadia Izadi-Pruneyre, Olivera Francetic
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Microbiology
Landon J. Getz, Nikhil A. Thomas
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron S. Runte, Umang Jain, Landon J. Getz, Sabrina Secord, Asaomi Kuwae, Akio Abe, Jason J. LeBlanc, Andrew W. Stadnyk, James B. Kaper, Anne-Marie Hansen, Nikhil A. Thomas
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clemence Collet, Jenny-Lee Thomassin, Olivera Francetic, Pierre Genevaux, Guy Tran Van Nhieu
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Review
Microbiology
Landon J. Getz, Cameron S. Runte, Jan K. Rainey, Nikhil A. Thomas
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Landon J. Getz, Justin M. Brown, Lauren Sobot, Alexandra Chow, Jastina Mahendrarajah, Nikhil A. Thomas
Summary: Pathogenic Vibrio species cause 3-5 million life-threatening human infections annually. The winged helix-turn-helix (wHTH) transcriptional regulator HlyU positively regulates the expression of bacterial hemolysin and toxin genes, while histone-like nucleoid structural protein (H-NS) silences their expression. HlyU is required for virulence gene expression associated with type 3 Secretion System-1 (T3SS1) in Vibrio parahaemolyticus, although its mechanism of action is not understood.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
C. Carolina Ontiveros, Crystal L. Sweeney, Chris Smith, Sean MacIsaac, Sebastian Munoz, Ross Davidson, Craig McCormick, Nikhil Thomas, Ian Davis, Amina K. Stoddart, Graham A. Gagnon
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Biophysics
Aracelys Lopez-Castilla, Benjamin Bardiaux, Jenny-Lee Thomassin, Weili Zheng, Michael Nilges, Edward Egelman, Olivera Francetic, Nadia Izadi Pruneyre
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Biophysics
A. Lopez-Castilla, J. L. Thomassin, B. Bardiau, E. Egelman, M. Nilges, O. Francetic, N. Izadi-Pruneyre
EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS
(2017)