Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz, Arleta Drozd, Joanna Palma, Karina Ryterska, Viktoria Hawrylkowicz, Patrycja Zaleska, Ewa Wunsh, Katarzyna Kozlowska-Petriczko, Ewa Stachowska
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in fatty acids and eicosanoids in the serum of participants who consumed high-fiber rolls for 8 weeks. The results showed that a high amount of dietary fiber was associated with a reduction in fatty liver. Regardless of the amount of fiber consumed, significant changes in the profile of fatty acids and eicosanoids were observed, reflecting positive changes in liver metabolism.
Article
Immunology
Anna-Lena Schaefer, Alexandra Eichhorst, Carolin Hentze, Antoine N. N. Kraemer, Anais Amend, Dalina T. L. Sprenger, Cara Fluhr, Stephanie Finzel, Christoph Daniel, Ulrich Salzer, Marta Rizzi, Reinhard E. Voll, Nina Chevalier
Summary: This study found that low fiber intake exacerbates disease progression in lupus-prone mice, microbiota suppression does not affect disease course as originally assumed, low fiber diet leads to increased white adipose tissue mass, fat inflammation and disrupted intestinal homeostasis, driving systemic low-grade inflammation and autoimmunity. The research highlights the overlooked effects of dietary fiber on energy homeostasis and obesity prevention, showing the complex interplay between inflammatory immune-mediated conditions such as obesity and autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karin H. U. Meier, Julian Trouillon, Hai Li, Melanie Lang, Tobias Fuhrer, Nicola Zamboni, Shinichi Sunagawa, Andrew J. Macpherson, Uwe Sauer
Summary: Anatomically resolved maps of small molecules reveal distinct spatial patterns throughout the gut of colonized and germ-free mice, which can be associated with specific microorganisms. The map of the longitudinal metabolome in the gut of healthy mice shows a shift from amino acids to organic acids, vitamins, and nucleotides along the gut. Comparisons between colonized and germ-free mice help identify the origin of metabolites and suggest specific microbial influence on the metabolome.
Article
Microbiology
Ditte Olsen Lutzhoft, Tim Sinioja, Berit O. Christoffersen, Rasmus Riemer Jakobsen, Dawei Geng, Hajar Fauzan Bin Ahmad, Ellen Marie Straarup, Karen-Margrethe Pedersen, Witold Kot, Henrik Duelund Pedersen, Susanna Cirera, Tuulia Hyotylainen, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Axel Kornerup Hansen
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a choline-deficient amino acid defined high fat diet (CDAHFD) on gut microbiota and selected pathways related to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development in a male Gottingen Minipig model. The results suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis and elevated levels of the metabolite imidazole propionate may be relevant factors in the development of NASH. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of considering the gut microbiota and its products when developing animal models for NASH.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fengyuan Tian, Tianxi Chen, Wangda Xu, Yichang Fan, Xiaohong Feng, Qi Huang, Jie Chen
Summary: This study suggests that curcumin may act as a natural agonist of TGR5 and an antagonist of FXR to improve obesity by promoting GLP-1 secretion through expanding L-cell population via the gut microbiota-bile acids-TGR5/FXR axis. It may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for obesity-related metabolic disorders.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arianna Mayorga-Ramos, Carlos Barba-Ostria, Daniel Simancas-Racines, Linda P. Guaman
Summary: Studies have shown that short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, play a crucial role in energy balance, inflammation regulation, and blood sugar control in the human body.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Russell Keast, Andrew Costanzo, Isabella Hartley
Summary: Taste perception plays a significant role in food overconsumption, with both basic tastes like sweet, sour, salty, and bitter, as well as emerging tastes like umami and carbohydrate having an impact. Each macronutrient has distinct perceptual qualities which may influence food consumption patterns.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thomas S. Webberley, Giulia Masetti, Laura M. Baker, Jordanna Dally, Timothy R. Hughes, Julian R. Marchesi, Alison A. Jack, Sue F. Plummer, Guru Ramanathan, Paul D. Facey, Daryn R. Michael
Summary: The study demonstrated that Lab4 probiotic consortium has the potential to prevent cardiovascular diseases by reducing inflammatory markers and cholesterol levels, as well as increasing bile acid excretion in feces. Further analysis also revealed significant associations between Lab4 probiotics, tumor necrosis factor, and cholesterol, providing new insights for their application in cardiovascular disease prevention.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunxiu Chen, Lingli Liu, Ying Zhong, Miaoran Wang, Yanbiao Ai, Yi Hou, Hong Chen, Xiaojing Lin, Yunqi Zhang, Min Ding, Ting Luo, Jibin Li, Xinyu Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: DIR mice exhibit improved metabolic profile through brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and decreased levels of unconjugated bile acids (BAs). The composition of gut flora differs greatly between DIR and DOR, and fecal microbiota transplants from DIR mice show potential in reducing adiposity and improving glucose tolerance in recipient mice. The activation of the FXR/TGR5 pathway and induction of GLP-1 by T-beta-MCA may play a role in inhibiting ceramide synthesis.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel E. Radford-Smith, Fay Probert, Philip W. J. Burnet, Daniel C. Anthony
Summary: Maternal obesity has a negative impact on the emotional behavior of offspring. However, perinatal intake of a multispecies probiotic can mitigate this effect. The probiotic treatment improves gut and brain metabolism, increases neuroplasticity, and enhances resilience to emotional dysfunction induced by maternal obesity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jingjing Du, Peiwen Zhang, Jiang Luo, Linyuan Shen, Shunhua Zhang, Hao Gu, Jin He, Linghui Wang, Xue Zhao, Mailing Gan, Liu Yang, Lili Niu, Ye Zhao, Qianzi Tang, Guoqing Tang, Dongmei Jiang, Yanzhi Jiang, Mingzhou Li, Anan Jiang, Long Jin, Jideng Ma, Surong Shuai, Lin Bai, Jinyong Wang, Bo Zeng, De Wu, Xuewei Li, Li Zhu
Summary: Betaine can prevent obesity and metabolic syndrome by improving gut microbiota dysbiosis. Akkermansia muciniphila plays a crucial role in regulating the effects of betaine and increasing strains that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shengsheng Zhang, Ruixin Wang, Danyan Li, Luqing Zhao, Lixin Zhu
Summary: Functional constipation (FC) is associated with abnormal gut microbiota, with a likely bidirectional relationship between the two. Gut microbiota may contribute to FC development through modulation of colonic motility, secretion, and absorption. Treatment with microecological agents can result in compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiota, highlighting the potential therapeutic role of targeting gut microbiota in managing FC.
GASTROENTEROLOGY REPORT
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zilu Cheng, Li Zhang, Ling Yang, Huikuan Chu
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic that significantly affects the health state of individuals and strains the socioeconomic system. The prevalence of obesity is rising at alarming rates, and its etiology involves complicated interactions of diet, genetics, and environment. The gut microbiota has been confirmed to be correlated with obesity, but the specific relationship and mechanisms are not fully understood. Altered gut microbiota and associated metabolites contribute to the progression of obesity by disrupting energy homeostasis, promoting lipid synthesis and storage, modulating central appetite and feeding behavior, as well as triggering chronic inflammation. Intentional manipulation of the gut microbiota holds promise as novel therapies for obesity, including the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Tanya Ralli, Zoya Saifi, Neha Tyagi, Arya Vidyadhari, Vidhu Aeri, Kanchan Kohli
Summary: Perturbations in microbial abundance or diversity in the gut can lead to health disorders. Understanding the mechanisms and using microbiome-based approaches can be beneficial for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dysbiosis also affects the mucosal immune system.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Naomi M. Fettig, Lisa C. Osborne
Summary: The microbiota and its metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives, play a significant role in influencing multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), impacting neuroinflammation driven by central nervous system-resident cells and peripheral immune cells and influencing outcomes of EAE and MS.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2021)