Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sasha A. Philbert, Sarah J. Schoenberger, Jingshu Xu, Stephanie J. Church, Richard D. Unwin, Garth J. S. Cooper
Summary: The study found that hippocampal copper levels were significantly elevated in patients with T2D, similar to untreated cases of Wilson's disease (WD), while hippocampal copper levels were markedly deficient in patients with sAD. These results suggest that hippocampal copper may play a role in the neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in T2D, and therapeutic approaches targeting copper reduction, similar to those used in WD, may be applicable to patients with T2D.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel C. Parker, Ma Wan, Kurt Lohman, Li Hou, Anh Tram Nguyen, Jingzhong Ding, Alain Bertoni, Steve Shea, Gregory L. Burke, David R. Jacobs, Wendy Post, David Corcoran, Ina Hoeschele, John S. Parks, Yongmei Liu
Summary: miRNAs play a role in the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and are also associated with lipid levels.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Khaled Benchoula, Aditya Arya, Ishwar S. Parhar, Wong Eng Hwa
Summary: This review discusses the importance of maintaining balanced glucose homeostasis in preventing or treating diabetes and obesity, as well as the complexity of activating and inhibiting glucose production. It focuses on the key role of FoxO1 in obesity-induced insulin susceptibility and provides potential therapeutic approaches.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Iuliia Azarova, Elena Klyosova, Alexey Polonikov
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between RAC1 gene polymorphisms and the risk and pathogenesis of T2D, identifying potential genetic markers and redox balance changes associated with the disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wanbao Yang, Wen Jiang, Shaodong Guo
Summary: This article reviews the effects of different components of macronutrients on insulin sensitivity and their underlying mechanisms, highlighting the importance of adjusting the intake of beneficial food compounds for the prevention of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antoine Rohrbach, Emilie Caron, Rafik Dali, Maxime Brunner, Roxane Pasquettaz, Irina Kolotuev, Federico Santoni, Bernard Thorens, Fanny Langlet
Summary: This study investigated the role of GCK-expressing tanycytes in the regulation of energy balance in mice. The results showed that Gck deletion induced the death of tanycytes and affected adiposity in mice, as well as NPY neuron function.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
E. Garcia-Escobar, S. Valdes, F. Soriguer, J. Vendrell, I. M. Urrutia-Etxebarria, C. Maldonado-Araque, E. Ortega, P. Ocon, E. Montanya, E. Menendez, A. Lago-Sampedro, T. Gonzalez-Frutos, R. Gomis, A. Goday, S. Garcia-Serrano, J. L. Galan-Garcia, C. Castell, E. Bordiu, R. Badia, G. Aguilera-Venegas, J. Girbes, S. Gaztambide, E. Delgado, F. J. Chaves, L. Castano, A. Calle-Pascual, G. Rojo-Martinez, J. Franch-Nadal
Summary: The study found that a high FLI category was a significant independent risk factor for developing diabetes, even under normal blood sugar conditions. Additionally, including FLI categories in prediction models based on traditional T2DM risk factors significantly increased the predictive power of the models in the overall population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanbo Fan, Brooke N. Wolford, Haocheng Lu, Wenying Liang, Jinjian Sun, Wei Zhou, Oren Rom, Anubha Mahajan, Ida Surakka, Sarah E. Graham, Zhipeng Liu, Hyunbae Kim, Shweta Ramdas, Lars G. Fritsche, Jonas B. Nielsen, Maiken Elvestad Gabrielsen, Kristian Hveem, Dongshan Yang, Jun Song, Minerva T. Garcia-Barrio, Jifeng Zhang, Wanqing Liu, Kezhong Zhang, Cristen J. Willer, Y. Eugene Chen
Summary: The E167K variant of TM6SF2 is significantly associated with increased risks for type 2 diabetes, especially in males, and male KI mice with this variant exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and disrupted IRE1 alpha signaling in the liver.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Josephine H. Li, Lukasz Szczerbinski, Adem Y. Dawed, Varinderpal Kaur, Jennifer N. Todd, Ewan R. Pearson, Jose C. Florez
Summary: Individuals with a higher genetic burden for T2D experience a greater acute and sustained response to sulfonylureas, suggesting potential for targeted pharmacologic intervention.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessia Dallatana, Linda Cremonesi, Maddalena Trombetta, Giulio Fracasso, Riccardo Nocini, Luca Giacomello, Giulio Innamorati
Summary: The human genome contains multiple GPCRs specialized in sensing various extracellular cues, including light, odorants, nutrients, and hormones. These GPCRs play a crucial role in regulating glucose homeostasis, especially for beta cells. The rise of type 2 diabetes in pediatric age may be due to changes in lifestyle and hormonal balance, highlighting the need for tailored treatments for young patients.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zaman Mirzadeh, Chelsea L. Faber, Michael W. Schwartz
Summary: This article explores the role of the central nervous system in glucose homeostasis and presents an integrative model in which the CNS, together with the islet, regulates blood glucose levels. The article emphasizes the importance of this model in understanding both normal glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, and highlights centrally targeted therapeutic approaches.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qi Chen, Wei Wang, Ming-Feng Xia, You-li Lu, Hua Bian, Chen Yu, Xiao-Ying Li, Mathew A. Vadas, Xin Gao, Huan-Dong Lin, Pu Xia
Summary: Circulating levels of dhS1P and dhS1P/dhSph ratio are strongly associated with increased risk of T2DM, and could serve as a useful biomarker for predicting incident T2DM in normoglycemic populations.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicola Marrano, Giuseppina Biondi, Anna Borrelli, Martina Rella, Tommaso Zambetta, Ludovico Di Gioia, Mariangela Caporusso, Giancarlo Logroscino, Sebastio Perrini, Francesco Giorgino, Annalisa Natalicchio
Summary: Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease are major health issues with a close relationship. Lipotoxicity may be the missing link connecting the pathogenesis of these two diseases. Obesity, the main cause of lipotoxicity, is a major risk factor for both conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the common molecular pathways activated by lipotoxicity in type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting potential new therapeutic perspectives.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiao Wang, Adrian I. Campos, Luis M. Garcia-Marin, Miguel E. Renteria, Lin Xu
Summary: This study used multiple genetic methods to investigate the causal associations between sleep apnea and snoring with type 2 diabetes, taking into account the role of BMI. The results showed that the associations between sleep apnea and snoring with type 2 diabetes were mainly driven by BMI. BMI accounted for a significant portion of the total effect of sleep apnea and snoring on type 2 diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Wang, Hana Alkhalidy, Dongmin Liu
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a global health issue caused by insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. The gastrointestinal tract is an important regulator of glucose homeostasis, with the incretin hormone GLP-1 playing a key role in maintaining glucose balance. Polyphenols from plants have potential anti-diabetic effects by stimulating GLP-1 secretion.
Article
Cell Biology
Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Ramasamy Thangavel, Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Kristopher Wu, Osaid Khan, Kieran Bazley, Bret Bussinger, Klaudia Kukulka, Smita Zaheer, Shankar S. Iyer, Raghav Govindarajan, Casey Burton, Donald James, Asgar Zaheer
Summary: Understanding the activation of NF kappa B signaling post-TBI is crucial for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Real-time noninvasive bioluminescence molecular imaging allows rapid and precise monitoring of TBI-induced NF kappa B signaling activation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hayate Javed, Ramasamy Thangavel, Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar, Iuliia Dubova, Noah Schwartz, Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Smita Zaheer, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Shankar Iyer, Asgar Zaheer, Mohammad Moshahid Khan
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar, Ramasamy Thangavel, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Smita Zaheer, Shankar Iyer, Asgar Zaheer
Summary: The study demonstrates that immune checkpoint blockade of GMF function with anti-GMF antibody can effectively reduce neuroinflammation and attenuate amyloid pathology in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region of 5XFAD mouse brain. It also suggests that pharmacological immune neutralization of GMF could be a promising neuroprotective strategy for targeting neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duraisamy Kempuraj, Ramasamy Thangavel, Deepak D. Kempuraj, Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar, Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Smita A. Zaheer, Shankar S. Iyer, Raghav Govindarajan, Premkumar Nattanmai Chandrasekaran, Asgar Zaheer
Summary: Neuroinflammation caused by neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases can lead to cognitive decline and chronic inflammation. Luteolin, a natural polyphenol found in plants, shows neuroprotective effects by suppressing immune cell activation and inflammatory mediators, reducing neuroinflammation and severity of diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and TBI.
Article
Neurosciences
Duraisamy Kempuraj, Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar, Ramasamy Thangavel, Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Smita A. Zaheer, Shankar S. Iyer, Raghav Govindarajan, Premkumar Nattanmai Chandrasekaran, Casey Burton, Donald James, Asgar Zaheer
Summary: Acute traumatic brain injury leads to neuroinflammation and neurovascular alterations, including blood-brain barrier disruption, which can be effectively inhibited by the administration of the mast cell stabilizer drug cromolyn.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruchira M. Jha, Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Sandra Mihaljevic, Amanda M. Casabella, Joshua S. Catapano, Anupama Rani, Shashvat Desai, Volodymyr Gerzanich, J. Marc Simard
Summary: Cerebral edema is a significant factor in brain injury mortality and disability. Current treatments are limited, prompting the development of targeted therapies based on a growing understanding of the molecular mechanisms. Promising molecular targets, including ion and water channels and proteins/lipids involved in edema signaling pathways, are being investigated for their potential to reduce cerebral edema and improve clinical outcomes.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruchira M. Jha, Anupama Rani, Shashvat M. Desai, Sudhanshu Raikwar, Sandra Mihaljevic, Amanda Munoz-Casabella, Patrick M. Kochanek, Joshua Catapano, Ethan Winkler, Giuseppe Citerio, J. Claude Hemphill, W. Taylor Kimberly, Raj Narayan, Juan Sahuquillo, Kevin N. Sheth, J. Marc Simard
Summary: SUR1, a member of the ABC protein superfamily, is a key mediator of CNS cellular swelling through the TRPM4 channel. Inhibition of SUR1-TRPM4 pathway has shown promising results in reducing cerebral edema and hemorrhage across a range of CNS diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Suneel Gupta, K. Michael Fink, Duraisamy Kempuraj, R. Nishant Sinha, M. Lynn Martin, M. Landon Keele, R. Prashant Sinha, A. Elizabeth Giuliano, P. Nathan Hesemann, P. Sudhanshu Raikwar, S. Shyam Chaurasia, R. Rajiv Mohan
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of AAV5-mediated Id3 gene therapy to treat corneal scarring. The results showed that AAV5-Id3 gene therapy significantly inhibited corneal fibrosis/haze and reduced the expression levels of related proteins and genes. This anti-fibrotic activity was achieved by reducing the formation of myofibroblasts.
Correction
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Suneel Gupta, Michael K. Fink, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Nishant R. Sinha, Lynn M. Martin, Landon M. Keele, Prashant R. Sinha, Elizabeth A. Giuliano, Nathan P. Hesemann, Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Shyam S. Chaurasia, Rajiv R. Mohan
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anant Naik, Olufunmilola Adeleye, Stefan W. Koester, Ethan A. Winkler, Joelle N. Hartke, Katherine Karahalios, Sandra Mihaljevic, Anupama Rani, Sudhanshu Raikwar, Jarrod D. Rulney, Shashvat M. Desai, Lea Scherschinski, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Michael T. Lawton, Joshua S. Catapano, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Ruchira M. Jha
Summary: Despite the high incidence and burden of stroke, biological biomarkers are not routinely used for diagnosing, determining progression, or predicting outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shows potential as a valuable source for biomarker development due to its direct interface with neural tissue. This systematic review identified 21 biomarkers and other multiomic proteomic markers, including S100B, inflammatory markers, and free fatty acids, that have been studied frequently. CSF has been shown to be an effective medium for acquiring biomarkers for AIS, although more large-scale trials studying the efficacy of biomarkers in altering clinical management are still needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Benjamin Zusman, Yijen Wu, J. Marc Simard, Vincent Vagni, Keri Janesko-Feldman, Anupama Rani, Sudhanshu Raikwar, Shashvat Desai, Patrick Kochanek, Ruchira Jha
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
