Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Georgia Anastasiou, Eftihia Sakka, Efi Blathra, Anna Kalivi, Moses Elisaf, George Liamis, Evangelos Liberopoulos
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed patients with Lp(a) levels >= 30 mg/dL at the University of Ioannina Hospital Lipid Clinic, revealing a significant proportion of patients with cardiovascular diseases, familial hypercholesterolemia, and positive family history of early ASCVD. Lipid-lowering therapy was effective in reducing LDL-C levels in different patient groups.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Harold Superko, Brenda Garrett
Summary: Despite statin use and LDL-C reduction, residual cardiovascular disease event risk remains. Abnormal lipoprotein size and density distribution, known as lipoprotein heterogeneity, contributes to this residual risk. Recent clinical trial evidence reinforces the importance of LDL heterogeneity measurement and its impact on CHD risk prediction and outcomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enrica Rossini, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Elisabetta Nardella, Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Marcello Covino, Antonio Gasbarrini, Massimo Massetti, Andrea Flex
Summary: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in high-income countries, although its impact is decreasing. Statins are effective in reducing LDL cholesterol and the risk of mortality, but are under-prescribed or under-dosed due to concerns about side effects. Personalized treatment decisions should be made based on individual considerations and shared decision-making.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jing Cao, Alan T. Remaley, Weihua Guan, Sridevi Devaraj, Michael Y. Tsai
Summary: In a multi-ethnic USA population, LDLMartin and LDLSampson did not over- or under-estimate ASCVD risk compared to LDLFriedewald in primary prevention according to AHA/ACC guidelines, while LDLFriedewald under-estimated subclinical ASCVD risk in the low-risk population. These findings support the replacement of LDLFriedewald by LDLMartin or LDLSampson for lipid screen in the general population.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. J. MacDonald, A. L. Madika, G. Severi, A. Fournier, M. C. Boutron-Ruault
Summary: The study found that non-O blood groups, particularly the A group, are associated with an increased risk of dyslipidaemia. Current smokers have a 30% higher risk of dyslipidaemia compared to never-smokers. These results could be useful for personalized approaches to preventing cardiovascular risk factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tycho R. Tromp, Shirin Ibrahim, Nick S. Nurmohamed, Jorge Peter, Linda Zuurbier, Joep C. Defesche, Laurens F. Reeskamp, G. Kees Hovingh, Erik S. G. Stroes
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of measuring Lp(a) in patients with clinical FH and found that the test can not only reassess the probability of FH, but also evaluate the cardiovascular risk of patients.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abdolreza Chary, Maryam Tohidi, Mehdi Hedayati
Summary: This study evaluated the association between LDL subfractions and cardiovascular disorders through a systematic review. The results showed that a higher LDL particle number was consistently associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, and the presence of small dense LDL was also associated with an increased risk of CVDs. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanisms involved.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidekatsu Yanai, Hiroki Adachi, Mariko Hakoshima, Hisayuki Katsuyama
Summary: Randomized controlled trials have shown that reducing LDL-C with statins significantly decreases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, a considerable number of patients still have residual CVD risk despite statin therapy, particularly in the high-dose statin arms. Elevated TG levels, reduced HDL-C, obesity/insulin resistance, and diabetes are important metabolic factors associated with statin residual CVD risk. Lipoprotein (a), remnant lipoproteins, MDA-LDL, and Sd-LDL play key roles in atherosclerosis and could provide new targets for reducing CVD events in patients receiving statins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sang Jun Lee, Se-Eun Kim, Tae-Hwa Go, Dae Ryong Kang, Ho-Seong Jeon, Young-In Kim, Dong-Hyuk Cho, Young Jun Park, Jung-Hee Lee, Jun-Won Lee, Young-Jin Youn, Sang-Hyun Kim, Jang Young Kim, Sung Gyun Ahn
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) levels with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large Korean population. The results showed that individuals with high levels of both LDL-C and remnant-C had a higher risk of CVD compared to those with normal levels. Additionally, elevated remnant-C levels, independent of LDL-C levels, were associated with an increased risk of CVD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlota Oleaga, Joshua Hay, Emma Gurcan, Larry L. David, Paul A. Mueller, Hagai Tavori, Michael D. Shapiro, Nathalie Pamir, Sergio Fazio
Summary: Our study confirms that PCSK9_55 is predominantly formed extracellularly with a shorter half-life, while a small intracellular pool of PCSK9_55 remains non-secreted. Intracellularly retained PCSK9_55 exhibits reduced efficiency in inducing LDLR degradation compared to PCSK9_62.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chelsea L. Nora, Liyue Zhang, Robert J. Castro, Amanda Marx, Hannah B. Carman, Tiffany Lum, Sotirios Tsimikas, Mee Young Hong
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effects of consuming 42.5 g/day of mixed nuts on LDL-C, Lp(a), and inflammatory markers in individuals with overweight or obesity. The study found that consuming mixed nuts did not significantly affect LDL-C or Lp(a), but it could reduce body fat percentage, diastolic blood pressure, and increase adiponectin levels.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mei Ogino, Takahiro Kameda, Yume Mutsuda, Hideko Tanaka, Junichiro Takahashi, Mitsuyo Okazaki, Masumi Ai, Ryunosuke Ohkawa
Summary: The LipoSEARCH System is an innovative method for analyzing lipoprotein subclasses, and a developed internal standard using a pigment has been shown to guarantee simultaneous detection and improve accuracy.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Baratta, Nicholas Cocomello, Mattia Coronati, Domenico Ferro, Daniele Pastori, Francesco Angelico, Maria Del Ben
Summary: Randomized clinical trials have shown that there is a residual cardiovascular risk in patients treated with statins and other lipid-lowering drugs to target LDL-cholesterol. This risk is mainly associated with lipid components other than LDL, particularly remnant cholesterol (RC) and lipoproteins rich in triglycerides. RCs play a major role in the development of atherosclerosis, easily passing through the arterial wall and stimulating the progression of smooth muscle cells and resident macrophages. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effects of drugs on RC levels and the efficacy of reducing RC on cardiovascular events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chiara Caselli, Raffaele De Caterina, Jeff M. Smit, Jonica Campolo, Mohammed El Mahdiui, Rosetta Ragusa, Alberto Clemente, Tiziana Sampietro, Aldo Clerico, Riccardo Liga, Gualtiero Pelosi, Silvia Rocchiccioli, Oberdan Parodi, Arthur Scholte, Jhuani Knuuti, Danilo Neglia
Summary: In patients with stable angina, high TG and low HDL-C levels, expressed by the TG/HDL-C ratio, independently predict coronary atherosclerotic disease outcomes. This association is related to various biomarkers, independent of LDL-C levels and treatments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marit Kolby Zinocker, Karianne Svendsen, Simon Nitter Dankel
Summary: This paper discusses the role of saturated fatty acids in nutrition science and their impact on cardiovascular disease. A new model is proposed to explain cholesterol regulation mechanisms, emphasizing the influence of non-pathological factors on LDL cholesterol levels.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marianne Benn, Sarah C. W. Marott, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Borge G. Nordestgaard
Summary: High BMI causally increases the risk of both heart failure incidence and mortality.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Martijn H. van der Ree, Rianne H. A. de Bruin-Bon, Brian V. Balgobind, Wiert F. Hoeksema, Jorrit Visser, Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven, Nadia Haj Mohammad, Edith M. T. Dieleman, Maarten C. C. M. Hulshof, Matthijs Boekholdt, Pieter G. Postema
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mie Balling, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Anette Varbo, Anne Langsted, Pia R. Kamstrup, Shoaib Afzal
Summary: This study explored the association between high levels of small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) and the risk of ischemic stroke in a large prospective study. The findings revealed a robust relationship between elevated sdLDL cholesterol levels and increased risk of ischemic stroke.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johan Lim, Hannah A. W. Walter, Rianne A. C. M. de Bruin-Bon, Myrthe C. Jarings, R. Nils Planken, Wouter E. M. Kok, Joost Raaphorst, Yigal M. Pinto, Ahmad S. Amin, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Anneke J. van der Kooi
Summary: This study explores the effectiveness of a multimodality screening approach in detecting potentially reversible myocarditis in newly diagnosed patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. The screening includes cardiac evaluation using biomarkers, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The study suggests that a diagnostic algorithm combining high-sensitivity cardiac troponins and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging may be effective in detecting myocarditis in adult patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Helene Gellert-Kristensen, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Jonas Ghouse, Andreas Fuchs, Jorgen T. Kuhl, Per E. Sigvardsen, Klaus F. Kofoed, Stefan Stender
Summary: Observational epidemiological studies have shown that fatty liver disease is associated with higher all-cause mortality, liver-related mortality, ischemic heart disease-related mortality, and extrahepatic cancer-related mortality. In this genetic study, we found that seven genetic variants associated with fatty liver disease were significantly correlated with liver-related mortality. Using a Mendelian randomization framework, we further demonstrated that hepatic steatosis and elevated plasma ALT, as genetically determined factors, are associated with liver-related mortality.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacob Louis Marott, Magnus T. Jensen, Marianne Benn, Martina Chantal de Knegt, James H. O'Keefe, Carl J. Lavie, Peter Schnohr, Berge Gronne Nordestgaard, Gorm Boje Jensen
Summary: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the increased risk of atrial fibrillation in men compared with women is explained by height. The results showed that the higher risk of atrial fibrillation in men can indeed be explained by differences in height. The study also suggested that height is one of the most important risk factors for atrial fibrillation in both men and women.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katrine L. Rasmussen, Jiao Luo, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Summary: The structural genetic variations in the APOE gene are associated with vascular diseases. APOE variants with high apoE, triglycerides, and remnant cholesterol are associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), while common APOE variants with high LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and remnant cholesterol are associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD). APOE variants with low apoE are associated with increased risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD).
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nawar Dalila, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen
Summary: This study found that low levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (such as atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, stroke) both observationally and genetically. These findings suggest a potential causal relationship.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laerke Kristine Kyhl, Borge Gronne Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Sune Fallgaard Nielsen
Summary: High levels of plasma triglycerides, BMI, and waist circumference, individually and combined, are associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study found that the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increased in individuals with higher plasma triglycerides, BMI, and waist circumference over a 9.2-year follow-up period.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Louise E. Bechmann, Frida Emanuelsson, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Marianne Benn
Summary: A functional genetic variant in SLC5A2, mimicking SGLT2-inhibition, was associated with a lower risk of heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischaemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality. However, the effects were minimally mediated through lower plasma glucose.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Berit Storgaard Hedegaard, Borge Gronne Nordestgaard, Helle Lynge Kanstrup, Kristian Korsgaard Thomsen, Jan Bech, Lia Evi Bang, Finn Lund Henriksen, Lars Juel Andersen, Thomas Gohr, Linnea Hornbech Larsen, Anne Merete Boas Soja, Frank-Peter Elpert, Tomas Joen Jakobsen, Anette Sjol, Albert Marni Joensen, Ib Christian Klausen, Erik Berg Schmidt, Christian Sorensen Bork
Summary: This study investigated the presence of lipoprotein(a) in individuals referred to Danish lipid clinics and found that elevated lipoprotein(a) played a role in a quarter of individuals who met the diagnosis criteria for clinical familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yann Le Guen, Guo Luo, Aditya Ambati, Vincent Damotte, Iris Jansen, Eric Yu, Aude Nicolas, Itziar de Rojasj, Thiago Peixoto Leal, Akinori Miyashita, Celine Bellenguez, Michelle Mulan Lian, Kayenat Parveen, Takashi Morizono, Hyeonseul Park, Benjamin Grenier-Boley, Tatsuhiko Naito, Fahri Kucukali, Seth D. Talyansky, Selina Maria Yogeshwar, Vicente Sempere, Wataru Satake, Victoria Alvarez, Beatrice Arosio, Michael E. Belloy, Luisa Benussi, Anne Boland, Barbara Borroni, Maria J. Bullido, Paolo Caffarra, Jordi Clarimon, Antonio Daniele, Daniel Darling, Stephanie Debette, Jean-Francois Deleuze, Martin Dichgans, Carole Dufouil, Emmanuel During, Emrah Duzel, Daniela Galimberti, Guillermo Garcia-Ribas, Jose Maria Garcia-Alberca, Pablo Garcia-Gonzalez, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Oliver Goldhardt, Caroline Graff, Edna Grunblatt, Olivier Hanon, Lucrezia Hausner, Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Henne Holstege, Jakub Hort, Yoo Jin Jung, Deckert Jurgen, Silke Kern, Teemu Kuulasmaa, Kun Ho Lee, Ling Lin, Carlo Masullo, Patrizia Mecocci, Shima Mehrabian, Alexandre de Mendonca, Merce Boada, Pablo Mir, Susanne Moebus, Fermin Moreno, Benedetta Nacmias, Gael Nicolas, Shumpei Niida, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Goran Papenberg, Janne Papma, Lucilla Parnetti, Florence Pasquier, Pau Pastor, Oliver Peters, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Gerard Pinol-Ripoll, Julius Popp, Laura Molina Porcel, Raquel Puertaj Jordi Perez-Tur, Innocenzo Rainero, Inez Ramakers, Luis M. Real, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Owen A. Ross, Jose Luis Royo, Dan Rujescu, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Philip Scheltens, Norbert Scherbaum, Anja Schneider, Davide Seripa, Ingmar Skoog, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Gianfranco Spalletta, Alessio Squassina, John van Swieten, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Eng-King Tan, Thomas Tegos, Charlotte Teunissen, Jesper Qvist Thomassen, Lucio Tremolizzo, Martin Vyhnalek, Frans Verhey, Margda Waern, Jens Wiltfang, Jing Zhangc, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Zihuai He, Julie Williams, Philippe Amouyel, Frank Jessen, Patrick G. Kehoe, Ole A. Andreassen, Cornelia Van Duin, Magda Tsolaki, Pascual Sanchez-Juan, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Kristel Sleegers, Tatsushi Todau, Anna Zettergren, Martin Ingelsson, Yukinori Okada, Giacomina Rossi, Mikko Hiltunen, Jungsoo Gim, Kouichi Ozaki, Rebecca Sims, Jia Nee Foo, Wiesje van der Fliere, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Alfredo Ramirez, Ignacio Mata, Agustin Ruiz, Ziv Gan-Or, Jean-Charles Lambert, Michael D. Greicius, Emmanuel Mignot
Summary: We analyzed the HLA associations in individuals with Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease across different ancestry groups and found that these two diseases share a common protective association at the HLA locus. Fine-mapping showed that specific subtypes of HLA-DRB1*04 were responsible for this association, with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07 showing the strongest association. This protective effect was also associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in the brain and reduced levels of tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Adrianus J. Bakermans, Merel Kouwenhoven, Judith De Vos, Dylan K. De Vries, Yolan J. Reckman, Emile S. Farag, David R. Koolbergen, Jolanda Kluin, Aart J. Nederveen, Gustav J. Strijkers, S. Matthijs Boekholdt
Summary: This study aimed to validate MRI measurements of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) against ex vivo histology of myocardial tissue samples. The results showed a strong correlation between ECV and myocardial collagen content. However, there was no correlation between native T-1 values of the myocardium and ECV or myocardial collagen content.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Juliette C. van Hattum, Sjoerd M. Verwijs, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Maarten Groenink, R. Nils Planken, Adrienne van Randen, Aart J. Nederveen, Maarten H. Moen, Cornelis A. C. M. Wijne, Joelle J. N. Daems, Birgitta K. Velthuis, Danny A. J. van de Sande, Ruud Spee, Suzanna T. de Vries, Maurits J. van der Veen, Yigal M. Pinto, Arthur A. M. Wilde, Harald T. Jorstad, ELITE Consortium
Summary: This article introduces the ELITE study, which aims to investigate the cardiovascular effects of elite sports and exercise. The study collects data from elite athletes in the Netherlands and conducts long-term observations and diagnostics to determine the impact of elite sports and exercise on the heart. The study also includes research on cardiac sequelae following infections with myocardial involvement. This is a prospective observational study.
BMJ OPEN SPORT & EXERCISE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiao Luo, Jesper Qvist Thomassen, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Summary: This study investigated the associations between neutrophil counts and nine cardiovascular endpoints using observational and genetic approaches. The results showed that high neutrophil counts were associated with an increased risk of all cardiovascular outcomes. Genetic studies also supported this finding. No robust associations were found for other types of leukocytes in the two-sample MR analysis.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)