Article
Hematology
Roberto Carnevale, Martina Leopizzi, Marcello Dominici, Giulia d'Amati, Simona Bartimoccia, Cristina Nocella, Vittoria Cammisotto, Alessandra D'Amico, Valentina Castellani, Francesco Baratta, Alessia Bertelli, Alessio Arrivi, Danilo Toni, Manuela De Michele, Pasquale Pignatelli, Rossella Marcucci, Francesco Violi
Summary: Patients with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) exhibit enhanced thrombogenesis through PAD4-mediated NETs formation via cathepsin G-mediated platelet/neutrophil interaction.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Jun Yong, Simon T. Abrams, Guozheng Wang, Cheng-Hock Toh
Summary: The cell-based model of coagulation has advanced our understanding of clinical hemostasis and thrombosis, allowing for the development of new treatments. Recent evidence has highlighted the procoagulant properties of extracellular histones, which can contribute to both adverse coagulation outcomes and physiological clot formation. These findings hold promise for the development of targeted therapies for immunothrombotic pathologies in acute critical illnesses.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mei-Ling Wu, Xiao Zou, Xiao-Yu Chen, Kai-Ting Ma, Chu Chen, Neng-Wei Yu, Lu Yu, Jun-Rong Du
Summary: This study found that CD21 has a dose-dependent neuroprotective effect against thrombosis and brain damage caused by ischemic stroke in rats. It regulates the platelet-NET-thrombin axis, reduces NET formation, and inhibits inflammatory response by activating the AMPK pathway, thus protecting against ischemic brain injury.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Matthew Locke, Colin Longstaff
Summary: Histones released into circulation can promote coagulation and enhance clot stability, but can also hinder fibrinolysis. They crosslink to fibrin molecules through FXIIIa, resulting in resistant fibrin networks. Low-molecular-weight heparin can prevent covalent interactions between histones and fibrin, reducing their effects on fibrinolysis.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Edgar Ramos-Martinez, Leticia Hernandez-Gonzalez, Ivan Ramos-Martinez, Laura Perez-Campos Mayoral, Georgina Lopez-Cortes, Eduardo Perez-Campos, Gabriel Mayoral Andrade, Maria Teresa Hernandez-Huerta, Marco Jose
Summary: Extracellular DNA traps (ETs) are evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial mechanisms found in protozoa, plants, and animals. By comparing similarities in ETs across different taxa, it is suggested that ETs may have multiple origins. The presence of a mechanism initiating the formation of ETs in multicellular organisms indicates a relationship between multicellularity and the development of ETs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Xiangbo Xu, Yuting Wu, Shixue Xu, Yue Yin, Walter Ageno, Valerio De Stefano, Qingchun Zhao, Xingshun Qi
Summary: This review comprehensively examines the changes in NETs biomarkers associated with thrombosis and their role in thrombus formation. Studies have shown significant alterations in levels of NETs biomarkers in thrombotic patients, highlighting their importance in the development and prognostic assessment of thrombotic diseases. The paper also explores the potential therapeutic implications of NETs and discusses limitations of existing biomarker detection methods.
THROMBOSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Phei Er Saw, Jianing Chen, Erwei Song
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in both infection control and tumor metastasis. The study by Mousset et al. published in Cancer Cell reveals that chemotherapy-induced inflammation promotes NETosis in malignant tumors, leading to chemoresistance. This finding highlights the potential of targeting inflammatory NETs for cancer treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Somanathapura K. NaveenKumar, Mahadevappa Hemshekhar, Bidare N. Sharathbabu, Kempaiah Kemparaju, Govindasamy Mugesh, Kesturu S. Girish
Summary: Cell-free heme (CFH) is a product of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and hemoprotein degradation and plays a key role in the progression of lung disease pathology. Heme-induced platelet activation and ferroptosis lead to neutrophil aggregation and NET formation, causing pulmonary damage. Redox modulators and ferroptosis inhibitors may be potential therapies for respiratory distress-associated complications.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura J. Mereweather, Adela Constantinescu-Bercu, James T. B. Crawley, Isabelle I. Salles-Crawley
Summary: Platelets and neutrophils interact with each other, and their interaction is crucial for both arterial and venous thrombosis as well as COVID-19. Targeting platelets and coagulation is effective in treating thrombosis, but it is also accompanied by a bleeding risk. Novel approaches to reduce platelet-mediated recruitment of neutrophils might offer promising therapies for thrombosis without affecting hemostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Kursat Oguz Yaykasli, Christine Schauer, Luis E. Munoz, Aparna Mahajan, Jasmin Knopf, Georg Schett, Martin Herrmann
Summary: The formation of NETs is considered as a double-edged sword, causing harmful effects such as inflammation and occlusions, and elucidating the mechanisms of occlusions is crucial for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Article
Hematology
Camila Meirelles S. Silva, Carlos Wagner S. Wanderley, Flavio P. Veras, Fabiane Sonego, Daniele C. Nascimento, Augusto V. Goncalves, Timna V. Martins, David F. Colon, Vanessa F. Borges, Veronica S. Brauer, Luis Eduardo A. Damasceno, Katiussia P. Silva, Juliana E. Toller-Kawahisa, Sabrina S. Batah, Ana Leticia J. Souza, Valter S. Monteiro, Antonio Edson R. Oliveira, Paula B. Donate, Daniel Zoppi, Marcos C. Borges, Fausto Almeida, Helder I. Nakaya, Alexandre T. Fabro, Thiago M. Cunha, Jose Carlos Alves-Filho, Dario S. Zamboni, Fernando Q. Cunha
Summary: Research has shown that inhibition of the pore-forming protein GSDMD can reduce the formation of NETs during sepsis, thereby decreasing multiple organ dysfunction and sepsis lethality. This suggests that GSDMD could be a therapeutic target for improving sepsis treatment.
Article
Immunology
Alexander A. Fields, Elizabeth Andraska, Christof A. Kaltenmeier, Zachary Matthay, Kimberly Herrera, Brenda M. Nunez-Garcia, Chayse D. Jones, Katherine Wick, Silvia Liu, Jian-Hua Luo, Yan-Ping A. Yu, Michael M. Matthay, Carolyn J. Hendrickson, Roland J. Bainton, Tessa S. Barrett, Jeffrey D. Berger, Matthew Z. Neal, Lucy Kornblith
Summary: This study found that plasma from COVID-19 patients can induce abnormal platelet function and promote inflammatory response in neutrophils. The soluble components in plasma had an impact on the behavior of platelets and neutrophils, which may contribute to the thromboinflammatory complications observed in COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Weiqi Hong, Jingyun Yang, Jun Zou, Zhenfei Bi, Cai He, Hong Lei, Xuemei He, Xue Li, Aqu Alu, Wenyan Ren, Zeng Wang, Xiaohua Jiang, Kunhong Zhong, Guowen Jia, Yun Yang, Wenhai Yu, Qing Huang, Mengli Yang, Yanan Zhou, Yuan Zhao, Dexuan Kuang, Junbin Wang, Haixuan Wang, Siyuan Chen, Min Luo, Ziqi Zhang, Tianqi Lu, Li Chen, Haiying Que, Zhiyao He, Qiu Sun, Wei Wang, Guobo Shen, Guangwen Lu, Zhiwei Zhao, Li Yang, Jinliang Yang, Zhenling Wang, Jiong Li, Xiangrong Song, Lunzhi Dai, Chong Chen, Jia Geng, Maling Gou, Lu Chen, Haohao Dong, Yong Peng, Canhua Huang, Zhiyong Qian, Wei Cheng, Changfa Fan, Yuquan Wei, Zhaoming Su, Aiping Tong, Shuaiyao Lu, Xiaozhong Peng, Xiawei Wei
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release histones that enhance the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and promote cell-cell fusion. The study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 can hijack histones from NETosis to facilitate its attachment and entry into host cells.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abderrahim Nemmar, Marc F. Hoylaerts
Summary: Inhalation of particulate matter in polluted air can cause lung inflammation, platelet activation, and cardiovascular complications. Neutrophil enzymes release ADP and sensitize platelets, amplifying their contribution to the complications induced by ambient particle inhalation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luz P. Blanco, Mariana J. Kaplan
Summary: Systemic autoimmune diseases are characterized by abnormal autoreactive immune responses, leading to tissue damage and increased morbidity and mortality. The dysregulation of immune cells' metabolic functions (immunometabolism), specifically mitochondrial dysfunction, has been linked to autoimmunity. Recent research on mitochondrial dysfunction in systemic autoimmune diseases like SLE and RA aims to enhance understanding and accelerate the development of immunomodulatory treatments for these challenging diseases.