Modified-QuEChERS-LC/MS method for the analysis of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in coriander seeds

Coriander seeds consumption, like other spices, has increased due to its culinary use, medicinal benefits, and its essential oil. However, there are few reports in the scientific literature on the prevalence of mycotoxins in this spice. In this report, an easy and simple method was proposed for the determination of the aflatoxin group (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in coriander seeds. The recoveries of analytes ranged from 72 to 102% in spiked samples (0.5-5 mu g/kg), with RSD below 11%. The limits of quantification (LOQ) are between 0.12 and 0.5 mu g/kg. The proposed method represents an improvement compared to previous studies. It was tested for the determination of 13 samples, proving that it is fast, efficient, and sensitive. Only OTA was identified in four samples, all at levels lower than the European limits defined for some spices (0.88 and 5.4 mu g/kg). Such methods are needed for monitoring these toxins in this spice to ensure consumer safety and provide insight into their occurrence.

Automated summary

In this study, a simple and easy method was proposed for the detection of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in coriander seeds. The method showed good recovery rates and low relative standard deviations, with quantification limits ranging from 0.12 to 0.5 µg/kg. It was found that only ochratoxin A was detected in four samples, all below the European limits for spices. This monitoring method is important for ensuring consumer safety and understanding the occurrence of these toxins.