Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eric Wu, Kevin Wu, Roxana Daneshjou, David Ouyang, Daniel E. Ho, James Zou
Summary: A comprehensive overview of medical AI devices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration sheds light on limitations of the evaluation process that may mask vulnerabilities of devices when deployed on patients.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Julien Meyer, April Khademi, Bernard Tetu, Wencui Han, Pria Nippak, David Remisch
Summary: This study aims to determine the reliance of pathologists on artificial intelligence (AI) and investigate whether providing information on AI influences this reliance. The results show that pathologists' accuracy is significantly higher with AI decision aids, and providing information on the algorithm does not significantly impact reliance. The study also finds that decisions are made faster when AI is provided.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lucy Shinners, Christina Aggar, Sandra Grace, Stuart Smith
Summary: This study aimed to develop a questionnaire on healthcare professionals' perceptions of Artificial Intelligence by utilizing the collective knowledge of experts in health and technology. Through careful recruitment and three rounds of study, consensus was reached on the structure and content of the questionnaire.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Claire Touchie, Benjamin Kinnear, Daniel Schumacher, Holly Caretta-Weyer, Stanley J. Hamstra, Danielle Hart, Larry Gruppen, Shelley Ross, Eric Warm, Olle ten Cate
Summary: Health care is centered around trust, with educational programs responsible for developing trustworthy physicians and making valid entrustment decisions for unsupervised practice. The validity of these decisions should be supported by arguments that can be analyzed across various components. Frameworks by Kane and Messick can be applied to support summative entrustment decision-making, ensuring high-quality safe patient care.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Milena Forte, Natalie Morson, Natasha Mirchandani, Batya Grundland, Oshan Fernando, Warren Rubenstein
Summary: This study explored the variability in how teachers interpret and use entrustment scales (ES) for assessing learners, revealing different cognitive strategies and challenges faced by teachers in shifting from traditional rating scales to an entrustment framework. The findings suggest that individual cognitive processes play a crucial role in assessing learner progress, which can inform decisions regarding readiness for unsupervised practice.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Borrenpohl, Manoj Karkee
Summary: Pruning is crucial for orchard health, yield, and fruit quality, but it requires significant labor. This study demonstrates the use of deep convolutional neural networks for automated pruning decisions. The Mask R-CNN network trained with active lighting images outperforms the network trained with natural lighting images in accuracy and identifying the largest diameter leader.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Optics
Bowei Dong, Samarth Aggarwal, Wen Zhou, Utku Emre Ali, Nikolaos Farmakidis, June Sang Lee, Yuhan He, Xuan Li, Dim-Lee Kwong, C. D. Wright, Wolfram H. P. Pernice, H. Bhaskaran
Summary: This paper introduces new developments in hardware-based accelerators, including electronic tensor cores and photonic implementations. By modulating photonic signals and combining them with distributed memories and wavelength multiplexing, we configure the system to be compatible with edge computing frameworks. Through processing electrocardiogram data and constructing a convolutional neural network, we demonstrate that this method can accurately identify patients at risk of sudden cardiac death.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Varsha D. Badal, Sarah A. Graham, Colin A. Depp, Kaoru Shinkawa, Yasunori Yamada, Lawrence A. Palinkas, Ho-Cheol Kim, Dilip V. Jeste, Ellen E. Lee
Summary: This study explores the use of artificial intelligence technology to evaluate linguistic features of transcribed speech data related to loneliness among older adults. Findings indicate that lonely individuals demonstrate longer responses with greater expression of sadness, while women are more likely to admit feeling lonely in interviews. Machine learning models can accurately predict loneliness, with a 94% precision for qualitative assessments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Evan Wilt, Timothy Sands
Summary: This manuscript explores the applications of deterministic artificial intelligence (DAI) in a space environment in response to unknown sensor noise and sudden changes in craft physical parameters. It addresses the gaps in the current literature by evaluating the efficacy of DAI in the face of unaddressed parametric uncertainties, comparing it with an idealized control scheme.
Article
Immunology
Anasse Bari, Matthias Heymann, Ryan J. Cohen, Robin Zhao, Levente Szabo, Shailesh Apas Vasandani, Aashish Khubchandani, Madeline DiLorenzo, Megan Coffee
Summary: Vaccine sentiment on social media plays a crucial role in influencing vaccine uptake. Real-time analysis of Twitter sentiment can predict changes in vaccine acceptance and guide targeted social media and vaccination strategies.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Optics
Kensei Morijiri, Kento Takehana, Takatomo Mihana, Kazutaka Kanno, Makoto Naruse, Atsushi Uchida
Summary: Photonic accelerators have gained attention for use in AI applications, but the scalability of photonic decision making has not been demonstrated in experiments. A parallel photonic decision-making system using optical spatiotemporal chaos is proposed to solve large-scale multi-armed bandit problems. The experimental demonstration shows the superiority of the proposed parallel principle for correct decision making, with an exponent of 0.86. This facilitates photonic decision making for future photonic accelerators.
Article
Oncology
Ruiheng Zhang, Li Dong, Ruyue Li, Kai Zhang, Yitong Li, Hongshu Zhao, Jitong Shi, Xin Ge, Xiaolin Xu, Libin Jiang, Xuhan Shi, Chuan Zhang, Wenda Zhou, Liangyuan Xu, Haotian Wu, Heyan Li, Chuyao Yu, Jing Li, Jianmin Ma, Wenbin Wei
Summary: Researchers have developed a deep learning algorithm called DLA-RB to accurately identify the progression of retinoblastoma, which can assist in long-term follow-up and screening of high-risk offspring. Compared to traditional referral procedures, DLA-RB-based screening and surveillance are more cost-effective and can be incorporated into telemedicine programs.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Cindy Candrian, Anne Scherer
Summary: Delegation is crucial for organizational success, as it allows individuals to overcome personal shortcomings and draw upon the expertise of others. The emergence of AI as an option for delegation brings new opportunities and challenges. Research shows that people prefer to delegate decisions to AI, especially when the decisions involve losses.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Sinan Hopcan, Gamze Turkmen, Elif Polat
Summary: With the development of AI and ML, attitudes towards these fields are gaining importance in various professions, including teaching. This study examines anxiety towards AI and attitudes towards ML among teacher candidates of different ages, genders, and fields. The findings show that candidates are not concerned about learning AI but express anxiety about its impact on employment and social life. These results can guide the development of instructional programs focusing on AI, considering factors such as age, experience, gender, and field-specific elements.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mahdi Ramezani, Shahram Tafazoli
Summary: Integrating intelligence into mining excavators can improve safety, productivity, and energy efficiency, providing accurate, actionable data for mines. Specific technologies, such as integrated sensors and artificial neural networks, can monitor and enhance the mining operation process.
IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Leslie Carstensen Floren, Amy Louise Pittenger, Olle ten Cate, David M. Irby
Summary: This paper describes the development and preliminary validity evidence for a Tool for Observing Construction of Knowledge in Interprofessional teams (TOCK-IP). The tool showed fair agreement among faculty raters and high agreement between raters' scores and consensus rating. Faculty supported the feasibility and utility of the tool.
JOURNAL OF INTERPROFESSIONAL CARE
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Lynnea M. Mills, Patricia S. O'Sullivan, Olle ten Cate, Christy Boscardin
Summary: Feedback orientation is a valuable concept to understand medical learners' attitudes toward feedback's role in their development. The study found that medical learners' overall feedback orientation remains mostly stable throughout their training, with utility being the highest domain and feedback self-efficacy being the lowest.
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Brian C. Gin
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Adrian Philipp Marty, Machelle Linsenmeyer, Brian George, John Q. Young, Jan Breckwoldt, Olle ten Cate
Summary: With the rise of competency-based medical education and workplace-based assessment, assessment methods have been extensively discussed. Direct observation and other sources of information have become standard in many clinical programs. Entrustable professional activities have become a central focus in clinical workplace assessment. The use of digital technology has rendered paper and pencil observation obsolete, and mobile technology has become indispensable for documentation and assessment at the point of care.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susan Humphrey-Murto, Seung Ho Lee, Michael Gottlieb, Tanya Horsley, Bev Shea, Karine J. Fournier, Christopher Tran, Teresa Chan, Timothy Wood, Olle ten Cate
Summary: This study aims to explore the use of virtual NGT in research. The study will use literature review and online interviews to answer questions about the extent of virtual NGT usage, modifications made to accommodate the online format, and the advantages and disadvantages compared to face-to-face mode.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Olle ten Cate, Hilliard Jason
Summary: The history of medical education scholarship is often overlooked and the impact of non-active medical education researchers may be unknown. This paper discusses the contributions of Dr. Harmen Tiddens to Utrecht and Maastricht Universities, where he established an environment and support for influential work. As the founding Dean of Maastricht's new medical school, Dr. Tiddens facilitated educational principles that became exemplary internationally.
ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Martin G. Tolsgaard, Martin V. Pusic, Stefanie S. Sebok-Syer, Brian Gin, Morten Bo Svendsen, Mark D. Syer, Ryan Brydges, Monica M. Cuddy, Christy K. Boscardin
Summary: The use of AI in medical education can enhance tasks and efficiency, such as automating assessment of written responses and providing reliable feedback on medical imaging interpretations. However, there is a lack of conceptual or methodological guides for educators in evaluating or conducting AI research. This guide aims to address practical considerations, define terminology, and identify suitable medical education problems and data for AI use.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Terence Ma, Olle Ten Cate
Summary: This paper discusses a job activity framework called entrustable professional activities (EPAs) used in medical education, and explores its potential application in other industries to provide employers with information about a prospective employee's ability to perform required job activities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND LEARNING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Leslie Carstensen Floren, Amy L. L. Pittenger, Ingeborg Wilting, David . M. Irby, Olle ten Cate
Summary: This study investigates workplace-based interactions between residents and pharmacists, finding differences between US and Dutch residents in their engagement with pharmacists and medication resources. While US residents reported positive impacts of informal interactions with pharmacists on their learning, Dutch residents did not confirm this. Designing training programs to include opportunities for interactions with pharmacists could potentially improve residents' informal workplace learning.
MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Olle ten Cate, Jennie B. Jarrett
Summary: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) and entrustment decision making are becoming mainstream in competency-based education in the health professions. However, the issue arises whether students can have autonomy in practice without licensure. Graduating learners without experience of responsibility and reasonable autonomy may jeopardize patient safety after training. Programs need to find a balance between using EPAs and ensuring patient safety.
Article
Nursing
Inge A. Pool, Helma van Zundert, Olle ten Cate
Summary: EPAs are increasingly being used in nursing education for training and assessment purposes. The Dutch postgraduate nursing education landscape was redesign using EPAs through collaboration between training hospitals and education institutions.
INTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Olle ten Cate, Natasha Khursigara-Slattery, Richard L. Cruess, Stanley J. Hamstra, Yvonne Steinert, Robert Sternszus
Summary: This article proposes a multilayered conceptualisation of medical competence, including a core layer of canonical knowledge and skill, context-dependent knowledge, skill, and attitude, and personalised competence. The assessment methods for each layer are different, with standardized tests for canonical knowledge and skills, merged multiple sources of information for context-dependent competence, and recognition and reward for personal excellence.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Subha Ramani, Rashmi A. Kusurkar, Johnny Lyon-Maris, Eeva Pyoeraelae, Gary D. Rogers, Dujeepa D. Samarasekera, David C. M. Taylor, Olle ten Cate
Summary: This AMEE guide discusses theoretical principles and practical strategies for health professions educators to promote impactful mentoring relationships. Traditional definitions are challenged, distinctions are made between roles such as mentor, advisor, coach and sponsor. Newer formats of mentoring are discussed in detail and their advantages and disadvantages compared. The importance of mentees in their own professional development is emphasized, along with tips for seeking mentors and taking the lead in setting the agenda during mentoring meetings.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Marjel van Dam, Hanneke van Hamersvelt, Lisette Schoonhoven, Reinier G. G. Hoff, Olle ten Cate, Marije P. P. Hennus
Summary: This study aims to explore the nature, aspects, and key features of supervision under highly demanding circumstances among certified and redeployed healthcare professionals on COVID-19 ICUs. The study found that efforts should primarily focus on factors that are within a supervisor or trainee's span of control to ensure good clinical supervision.
MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE
(2023)