Article
Microbiology
Christopher Schubert, Maria Winter, Andrea Ebert-Jung, Sylwia Kierszniowska, Kerstin Nagel-Wolfrum, Thorben Schramm, Hannes Link, Sebastian Winter, Gottfried Unden
Summary: The study found that C4-dicarboxylates and fumarate respiration play important roles in the colonization of the mammalian intestinal tract by Escherichia coli, with L-aspartate being crucial for providing fumarate and nitrogen for bacterial growth in the mouse intestine. Mutants with defective anaerobic C4-dicarboxylate metabolism were impaired in colonizing the murine gut.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kate Sutton, Tessa Nash, Samantha Sives, Dominika Borowska, Jordan Mitchell, Prerna Vohra, Mark P. Stevens, Lonneke Vervelde
Summary: This study investigated the host response to early stages of Salmonella infection in chicken enteroids. The findings indicate that Salmonella infection disrupts the epithelial barrier integrity and induces inflammatory responses. Additionally, the 3D model provides a more accurate representation of host responses.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Weipeng Wang, Ying Wang, Ying Lu, Jing Zhu, Xinbei Tian, Bo Wu, Jun Du, Wei Cai, Yongtao Xiao
Summary: Regenerating islet-derived family member 4 (Reg4) has been found to possess potent bactericidal activity against Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Tm), inhibiting colonization of S. Tm in the intestine and ameliorating intestinal inflammation. Reg4 proteins can restrict Salmonella invasion of intestinal epithelia by binding to the flagella of Salmonella, suppressing bacterial motility and the host inflammatory response.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Megan Pineda, Michael Kogut, Kenneth Genovese, Yuhua Z. Farnell, Dan Zhao, Xi Wang, Allison Milby, Morgan Farnell
Summary: The study revealed competitive exclusion among Salmonella serotypes in neonatal broilers, potentially reducing colonization and impacting the host immune response. Changes in gut colonization and systemic translocation, as well as significant alterations in mRNA levels of cytokines, suggest a profound effect on local and systemic immune responses.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
H. Xue, D. Wang, B. M. Hargis, G. Tellez-Isaias
Summary: The reduction in antibiotic use in poultry has created a need for natural solutions to control pathogens like Salmonella. NeutraPath, a natural feed additive, was found to inhibit the growth of Salmonella in vitro and reduce its colonization in broilers in vivo. It also downregulated the expression of virulence genes and preserved intestinal barrier integrity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marie Lang, Aude Montjarret, Emmanuel Duteil, Gilles Bedoux
Summary: Regulating intestinal colonization in livestock by non-bactericidal additives is crucial for managing zoonotic bacteria like Salmonella spp. Caenorhabditis elegans is proposed as a model for evaluating the anti-colonization effects of essential oils, with both Cinnamomum cassia (CEO) and Syzygium aromaticum (SyEO) significantly inhibiting bacterial colonization in the nematode's digestive tract. This inhibition may be related to reduced swimming motility rather than direct antibacterial effects.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhongyue Ren, Lingling Peng, Shufang Chen, Yi Pu, Huihui Lv, Hua Wei, Cuixiang Wan
Summary: Salmonella Typhimurium is commonly found in food and can cause infection in the gastrointestinal tract. This study investigated the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on S. Typhimurium infection and the potential protective effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1201 intervention. The results showed that HFD exacerbated the infection, while intervention with L. plantarum 1201 effectively reduced colonization and inflammation. These findings suggest that L. plantarum 1201 may be a potential preventive strategy against S. Typhimurium infection.
Article
Microbiology
David Pezoa, Carlos J. J. Blondel, Fernando A. A. Amaya, Carlos A. A. Santiviago
Summary: The Salmonella genus contains five gene clusters of Type VI Secretion System (T6SS). T6SS encoded in SPI-6 contributes to Salmonella Typhimurium colonization of chickens and mice, while T6SS encoded in SPI-19 of Salmonella Gallinarum contributes to chicken colonization. Interestingly, T6SS(SPI-19) of Salmonella Gallinarum complements the defect in chicken colonization of a Salmonella Typhimurium strain lacking T6SS(SPI-6), suggesting interchangeability between the two T6SSs. Furthermore, transfer of Salmonella Gallinarum T6SS(SPI-19) complements the defect in mice colonization of a Salmonella Typhimurium Delta T6SS(SPI-6) strain, indicating functional redundancy of both T6SSs during host colonization.
POLISH JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamieson B. McDonald, Nichollas E. Scott, Greg J. Underwood, Daniel M. Andrews, Thi Thu Hao Van, Robert J. Moore
Summary: Campylobacter hepaticus is a significant pathogen causing Spotty Liver Disease in layer chickens, leading to increased mortality and reduced egg production. This study confirms the functionality of the N-glycosylation system in C. hepaticus through glycoproteomic analysis, which showed the modification of over 35 proteins with an N-linked heptasaccharide glycan. C. hepaticus shares conserved glycoproteins with Campylobacter jejuni involved in host colonization and possesses unique glycoproteins that may contribute to its survival in challenging host environments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Melissa S. Monson, Bradley L. Bearson, Matthew J. Sylte, Torey Looft, Susan J. Lamont, Shawn M. D. Bearson
Summary: The study evaluated the bacterial load and blood leukocyte transcriptomic responses of turkeys challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium UK1 strain. Turkeys were found to have varying levels of colonization in different organs and tissues following low and high dose inoculation, with no detectable clinical signs. The leukocytes showed significant differential expression of 647 genes in response to the pathogen, with potential targets identified for developing intervention strategies against S. Typhimurium colonization.
VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Emma Slack, Mederic Diard
Summary: Studying immune responses by injecting protein antigen is a simplified approach, as it fails to consider the rapid evolution of infectious agents and the impact of microbial evolution on immune outcomes. Understanding intestinal immune mechanisms is crucial for immunotherapy and prophylaxis, particularly in the design of effective mucosal vaccines.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Nicolas G. Shealy, Woongjae Yoo, Mariana X. Byndloss
Summary: The intestine is a complex bacterial ecosystem that provides immune education, nutrition, and protection against pathogens. Symbiotic interactions between the host and microbiome occur through metabolic crosstalk, with microbiota inhibiting pathogen colonization through diverse metabolic pathways, while pathogens disrupt the microbiome to gain a metabolic advantage. This review discusses the role of microbiota metabolites in colonization resistance and the metabolic mechanisms used by pathogens to outcompete commensal microbes.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Hung-Hao Fan, Shiuh-Bin Fang, Yu-Chu Chang, Sheng-Tung Huang, Chih-Hung Huang, Pei-Ru Chang, Wei-Chiao Chang, Lauderdale Tsai-Ling Yang, Pei-Chun Lin, Hung-Yen Cheng
Summary: The study revealed that the gene yqiC plays a crucial role in the interactions between Salmonella and host cells, regulating the expression of multiple key genes involved in bacterial virulence, metabolism, and other aspects.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Gustavo Caballero-Flores, Joseph M. Pickard, Gabriel Nunez
Summary: A dense and diverse microbial community, known as the microbiota, exists in the gut and epithelial surfaces, and has evolved with the host to provide numerous physiological benefits. These symbiotic microorganisms play a major role in protecting against pathogen colonization and excessive growth of harmful pathogens. Dysbiosis of the microbiota increases the risk of infection and overgrowth of pathobionts, but understanding the mechanisms by which microbial symbionts limit pathogen colonization can lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches for disease prevention and treatment.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sandra Gracia Bezada-Quintana, Fernando Demetrio Carcelen-Caceres, Sofia Lopez-Guerra, Jorge Ernesto Guevara-Vasquez
Summary: This study evaluated the histomorphometric response of the small intestine mucosa in guinea pigs challenged with Salmonella enterica var. Typhimurium. The results showed that the length, width, and length/crypt ratio of the villi in the guinea pigs infected with SeVT were significantly lower compared to the control group.
REVISTA CIENTIFICA-FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kristin Surmann, Marius Stopp, Sebastian Woerner, Vishnu M. Dhople, Uwe Voelker, Gottfried Unden, Elke Hammer
JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robin Klein, Ann-Katrin Kretzschmar, Gottfried Unden
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Gottfried Unden, Robin Klein
Summary: Bacteria have evolved widely different strategies for coordinating the response to O-2 and nitrate, with many species using individual regulation for O-2 and nitrate, while others utilize joint sensing proteins to sense both oxygen and nitrate at the same time.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher Schubert, Sandra Zedler, Alexander Strecker, Gottfried Unden
Summary: Escherichia coli uses the C4-dicarboxylate transporter DcuA to transport L-aspartate and fumarate, facilitating nitrogen assimilation under various oxygen conditions. The central regulator GlnB interacts with AspA to stimulate its activity in releasing ammonia for the synthesis of amino acids. This process integrates AspA into the nitrogen assimilation network in E. coli.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marius Stopp, Philipp Aloysius Steinmetz, Christopher Schubert, Christian Griesinger, Dirk Schneider, Gottfried Unden
Summary: The study demonstrates that the transmembrane helix TM2 of the DcuS sensor kinase forms a stable homodimer in both inactive and fumarate-activated states, with a conserved motif crucial for stability and function. TM2 helix extends into the PASP domain and PAS(C) domain, transmitting signals to the kinase domain. Structural rearrangements in a helical linker connecting TM2 with PAS(C) upon fumarate activation suggest piston-type transmembrane signaling.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Christopher Schubert, Maria Winter, Andrea Ebert-Jung, Sylwia Kierszniowska, Kerstin Nagel-Wolfrum, Thorben Schramm, Hannes Link, Sebastian Winter, Gottfried Unden
Summary: The study found that C4-dicarboxylates and fumarate respiration play important roles in the colonization of the mammalian intestinal tract by Escherichia coli, with L-aspartate being crucial for providing fumarate and nitrogen for bacterial growth in the mouse intestine. Mutants with defective anaerobic C4-dicarboxylate metabolism were impaired in colonizing the murine gut.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marius Stopp, Philipp A. Steinmetz, Gottfried Unden
Summary: The sensor kinase DcuS of Escherichia coli recognizes extracellular fumarate through a periplasmic PASP sensor domain. The TM1 helix of DcuS forms a homo-dimer with an α-helical arrangement in the central membrane region, and a non-α-helical arrangement in the connector to PASP. The structural adaptation in response to the shift of TM2 is suggested to occur in the V32-S42 region of TM1.
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Marius Stopp, Christopher Schubert, Gottfried Unden
Summary: This study identified the interaction site in the membrane-bound C-4-dicarboxylate (C4DC) sensor kinase DcuS of Escherichia coli and the related structural and functional adaptations in DcuS. The stabilization of the linker-linker' homodimer in DcuS is essential for setting DcuS in the C4DC-responsive state in the DctA x DcuS complex, with DctA serving as a structural co-regulator of DcuS sensor kinase.
Article
Microbiology
Stefaniya Gencheva, Simon Dersch, Kristin Surmann, Mathias Wernet, Luis Antelo, Elke Hammer, Peter L. Graumann, Nadja Hellmann, Gottfried Unden
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between the C4-dicarboxylate-responsive and membrane-integral sensor kinase DcuS and the response regulator DcuR. The formation of stable complexes is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the proteins. Single-molecule tracking shows two populations of DcuR with different mobilities in bacterial cells, one at the membrane and the other in the cytosol, possibly representing DNA-bound DcuR. The findings suggest that the interaction between DcuS and DcuR plays a crucial role in cellular signaling.
Article
Microbiology
Christopher Schubert, Nam Yeun Kim, Gottfried Unden, Ok Bin Kim
Summary: The study revealed the presence of various metabolons in Escherichia coli, with different functions. Metabolons were observed for common C-4-dicarboxylate transporters with cytosolic enzymes, while no metabolons were observed for noncommon C-4-dicarboxylates.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)