Article
Allergy
Ismail Ogulur, Duygu Yazici, Yagiz Pat, Elif Naz Bingol, Huseyn Babayev, Sena Ardicli, Anja Heider, Beate Ruckert, Vanitha Sampath, Raja Dhir, Mubeccel Akdis, Kari Nadeau, Cezmi A. Akdis
Summary: This study investigated the effects of commonly used food emulsifiers on gastrointestinal epithelial cells. The emulsifiers were found to induce cytotoxicity, disrupt the epithelial barrier, and trigger inflammatory responses. These findings highlight the potential adverse effects of emulsifiers on gut health.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Peter H. Gilbert, Zhenhuan Zhang, Ken K. Qian, David P. Allen, Rachel Ford, Norman J. Wagner, Yun Liu
Summary: This study investigates the incompatibility of nonionic surfactant Polysorbate 80 (PS80) with antimicrobial agent m-cresol in pharmaceutical formulation. The storage temperature, ionic strength, and component concentration were found to affect the kinetics of micelle aggregation. The cause, coalescence mechanism, and aggregate structure were revealed through small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) analysis. The phase diagram of PS80/m-cresol solution stability and the necessary component concentrations for producing stable formulations were established.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Peter H. Gilbert, Zhenhuan Zhang, Ken K. Qian, David P. Allen, Norman J. Wagner, Yun Liu
Summary: The study explores how formulation stability depends on the compatibility of individual components, with a focus on the addition of m-cresol to PS80 solutions leading to changes in PS80 micelle morphology. The temperature-dependent kinetics of PS80 micelle growth in the presence of m-cresol is quantified by SANS, revealing a two-step aggregation process with evidence for power-law growth. Additionally, the acceleration of aggregation kinetics with the addition of a pH-regulating citrate buffer is highlighted.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marilyn Tseng, Camille J. Grigsby, Abigail Austin, Samir Amin, Aydin Nazmi
Summary: This study demonstrates the high prevalence of SRIAs in US packaged foods, especially in sweets, beverages, and ready-to-eat foods. SRIAs are widely used in foods and may encourage overconsumption by enhancing the sensory quality of products.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Olexandra Boyko, Viktor Brygadyrenko
Summary: Inorganic food additives are widely used in various fields, not just the food industry. While they are safe for humans and agricultural animals in certain concentrations, they have a negative impact on other living organisms. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different inorganic food additives on the vitality of nematode larvae that parasitize agricultural animals. The results showed that alkalis, such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, had the strongest effects on the larvae.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Pauline Detry, Pauline Willame, Els Van Hoeck, Joris Van Loco, Severine Goscinny
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop an accurate and high-throughput analytical method to determine various additives simultaneously, in order to facilitate controls and generate occurrence data for exposure assessments. An alternative basic methanol sample-preparation methodology was developed. The methods were successfully applied to various food samples, and all additives were found below authorized levels, but irregularities in labeling were observed.
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Erhuan Zang, Linlin Jiang, Hongwei Cui, Xing Li, Yumei Yan, Qian Liu, Ziwei Chen, Minhui Li
Summary: Applying natural food additives extracted from plants is a sustainable development trend in the food industry. Plant-based food additives have gained considerable attention due to their advantages of green safety, health, and environmental protection. However, there are challenges in large-scale production and application, requiring further research to evaluate their safety and potential side effects.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elizabeth K. Dunford, Donna R. Miles, Barry Popkin
Summary: This study examines the proportion of food products containing additives purchased by US households and whether purchases have changed over time. The results show that between 2001 and 2019, the proportion of food products with additives increased from 49.6% to 59.5%. While purchases of carbonated soft drinks containing flavors decreased, purchases of products with nonnutritive sweeteners increased. The findings of increased purchases of baby food products with additives are crucial for future research.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pauline Raoul, Marco Cintoni, Marta Palombaro, Luisa Basso, Emanuele Rinninella, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Cristina Mele
Summary: Diet is a crucial factor in causing and treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Food additives, such as artificial emulsifiers and sweeteners, can disrupt the gut microbiota and lead to chronic inflammation in the intestines, accelerating the onset of IBD. While more research is needed, it is advisable for IBD patients to avoid processed foods containing artificial food additives.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Arielle Richey Levine, Joseph A. Picoraro, Sally Dorfzaun, Neal S. LeLeiko
Summary: Food additives, especially emulsifiers, are considered important components of the diet that may potentially harm the intestine. However, there is insufficient objective information about the specific nature and extent of this problem. The FDA has recognized certain substances as generally safe and approved numerous food additives, but the criteria for these selections lack transparency. Once designated as food additives or included on the GRAS list, there is no regulatory mechanism for ongoing safety monitoring. The aim of this introduction to emulsifiers is to raise awareness about the current state of food additives in the USA and promote careful study of all additives in our diets, with the ultimate goal of ensuring food safety.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ume Roobab, Abdul Waheed Khan, Jose M. Lorenzo, Rai Naveed Arshad, Bo-Ru Chen, Xin-An Zeng, Alaa El-Din Bekhit, Raheel Suleman, Rana Muhammad Aadil
Summary: The meat industry is facing challenges in food safety and quality losses due to thermal processing. Recent studies in high-pressure meat production have focused on clean label approaches, with some innovative solutions for low salt/fat and reduced nitrite meat products. High-pressure processing shows potential in increasing shelf life and preserving nutrients, while reducing food waste.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Aline de Souza Lopes, Adriane Elisabete Costa Antunes, Karla Idelca Aires Machado, Adilson Sartoratto, Marta Cristina Teixeira Duarte
Summary: This study investigated the effects of antimicrobial food additives and sweeteners on the growth and metabolism of gut microbiota. The results showed that certain additives and sweeteners have inhibitory effects on gut microbiota.
FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jocelyn Astrid Carbajal-Sanchez, Pablo Antonio Moreno-Perez
Summary: This study conducted a survey on food labels in Mexico and found that most food additives (AA) do not provide information on their concentration. This lack of information makes it difficult to accurately assess the intake of AA in the Mexican population.
REVISTA ESPANOLA DE NUTRICION HUMANA Y DIETETICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed F. Abdelhameed, Ahmed M. Nagy, Sherif S. Mohamed
Summary: This study compares the impact of common food additives (MSG, ACK, BHA and BHT) on fetal development, and finds that these additives have a negative effect. Pregnant consumers are advised to avoid consuming food additives.
EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Halavath Ramesh, Noorul Huda, Mujahid Hossain, Abani K. Bhuyan
Summary: Benzoic acid and its derivatives are commonly used as food preservatives and flavoring agents, but their safety and potential adverse health effects are controversial. Studies have shown that benzoates can bind to proteins via hydrogen-bonding and stacking interactions, leading to protein aggregation and structural changes at concentrations lower than those recommended for microbial control.
ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samira Ait Abdellah, Caroline Gal, Lucrezia Laterza, Venanzio Velenza, Carlo Romano Settanni, Marco Napoli, Elisa Schiavoni, Vincenzina Mora, Valentina Petito, Antonio Gasbarrini
Summary: This study suggests that a multistrain probiotic can reduce intestinal permeability in patients with IBS-D and confirmed leaky gut, leading to improvements in abdominal pain, stool consistency, and quality of life.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Quirino Lai, Nicoletta De Matthaeis, Michele Finotti, Giovanni Galati, Giuseppe Marrone, Fabio Melandro, Filomena Morisco, Daniele Nicolini, Riccardo Pravisani, Edoardo G. Giannini
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of antiplatelet therapy on the incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma. The results suggest that antiplatelet therapy is associated with a reduced risk of HCC incidence and post-treatment mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Di Tommaso, Francesco Santopaolo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: The intestinal barrier is the first line of defense between the outside world and the intestine, and disruption can lead to increased intestinal permeability, causing intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. The identification of a gut-vascular barrier has provided new evidence for the etiology and management of gut-liver axis and gut-brain axis diseases, with recent implications in oncology as well. The gut-brain axis is involved in neuroinflammatory processes, and the recent description of a choroid plexus vascular barrier regulating brain permeability under gut inflammation conditions identifies the endothelium as a key regulator in maintaining tissue homeostasis and health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ilaria Trestini, Alberto Caldart, Marco Cintoni, Isabella Sperduti, Alessandro Drudi, Gregorio Aluffi, Elena Fiorio, Veronica Parolin, Valentina Zambonin, Sara Zanelli, Daniela Tregnago, Alice Avancini, Sara Pilotto, Irene Aprili, Emanuela Zandona, Mirko D'Onofrio, Maria Cristina Mele, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Scambia, Giampaolo Tortora, Michele Milella, Emilio Bria, Luisa Carbognin
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in body composition during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and its association with pathologic complete response and survival outcome in patients treated for operable locally advanced breast cancer.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vincenzo Zaccone, Luca Santoro, Emanuele Guerrieri, Ilaria Diblasi, Ilaria Roncarati, Giovanna Viticchi, Pietro Vecchiarelli, Angelo Santoliquido, Francesca Fiore, Alessio Molfino, Francesco Landi, Gianluca Moroncini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Muscaritoli, Lorenzo Falsetti, SINuC
Summary: The implementation of long-term parenteral nutrition often requires central venous access, which carries a considerable risk of catheter-related venous thrombosis. The prevention and treatment of this condition in patients undergoing long-term parenteral nutrition is a gray area in the literature, with few randomized controlled clinical trials and a generally low level of evidence. The Italian Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism conducted a narrative review and Delphi consensus to provide practical recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of catheter-related venous thrombosis in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Elena Ainora, Lucia Cerrito, Antonio Liguori, Irene Mignini, Angela De Luca, Linda Galasso, Matteo Garcovich, Laura Riccardi, Francesca Ponziani, Francesco Santopaolo, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: A correct differentiation between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intracellular cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is essential but challenging. Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (D-CEUS) and shear wave elastography (SWE) can provide valuable information for accurate diagnosis. A multiparametric ultrasound (MP-US) score based on D-CEUS and SWE parameters showed high accuracy in distinguishing ICC from HCC, potentially reducing the need for liver biopsy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dan Dumitrascu, Igor Bakulin, Annalisa Berzigotti, Marilia Cravo, Laura Gombosova, Milan Lukas, Anna Pietrzak, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Mercedes Amieva Balmori, Tiago Curdia Goncalves, Lamine Hamzaoui, Radovan Juricek, Leticia Moreira, Katarzyna Neubauer, Teodora Surdea-Blaga, Igor N. Tikhonov, Jan Trna, Gianluca Ianiro, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Antonio Gasbarrini
Summary: Various environmental factors can lead to gut microbial imbalance and the development of diseases. Hepatic encephalopathy, irritable bowel syndrome, and diverticular disease are all related to dysfunction of the gut-liver-brain axis, but the pathophysiology differs for each condition.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Gea Ciccarelli, Laura Soldovieri, Umberto Capece, Chiara M. A. Cefalo, Simona Moffa, Enrico C. Nista, Michela Brunetti, Francesca Cinti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari, Teresa Mezza
Summary: Our work aims to investigate the role of the first-phase insulin secretion in the natural history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its relationship with insulin resistance and beta cell function and mass. We explore the impact of impaired secretion on glucose homeostasis and emphasize the significance of postmeal hyperglycemia in disease management. Additionally, we review dietary and pharmacological approaches to improve early secretory defects and restore residual beta cell function, as well as discuss possible methods to detect early secretory defects in clinical practice.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elisabetta Sforza, Domenico Limongelli, Valentina Giorgio, Gaia Margiotta, Francesco Proli, Eliza Maria Kuczynska, Chiara Leoni, Donato Rigante, Ilaria Contaldo, Chiara Veredice, Emanuele Rinninella, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giuseppe Zampino, Roberta Onesimo
Summary: This study aimed to describe and quantify the impact of blenderized tube feeding (BTF) on gastrointestinal symptoms in children and adults. The results showed that gastrointestinal symptoms improved after consuming BTF, with a decrease of 30-50% in gagging and retching for children and similar improvement rates for constipation and diarrhea in most critically ill adults.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Pauline Raoul, Marco Cintoni, Emanuele Rinninella, Maria Cristina Mele
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Piccioni, Federico Rosa, Sergio Mannucci, Federica Manca, Giuseppe Merra, Sabrina Chiloiro, Marcello Candelli, Marcello Covino, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi
Summary: This article focuses on the relationship between alterations in the gut microbiome and the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus and LADA, based on the latest evidence. It discusses the crucial role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of these disorders and explores how modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation can lead to potential therapeutic strategies.
Review
Cell Biology
Federica Di Vincenzo, Ylenia Yadid, Valentina Petito, Valeria Emoli, Letizia Masi, Daniela Gerovska, Marcos Jesus Arauzo-Bravo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Birgitte Regenberg, Franco Scaldaferri
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The etiology and pathogenesis of IBD are still unknown, but recent studies suggest a potential role of cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs) and extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in IBD. This review aims to collect and summarize available knowledge on cfDNAs, eccDNA, and their involvement in the pathogenesis of IBD. Potential molecular therapies and drug delivery systems for IBD treatment, such as nanoparticles, are also discussed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Basilico, Marialaura Scarcella, Emanuele Rinninella, Nena Giostra, Stefano Marcelli, Carlo Rasetti, Jan Tack, Ludovico Abenavoli, Emidio Scarpellini
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of a standardized oral immuno-nutrition formula on COVID-19 patients. The findings showed that immuno-nutrition therapy can lower the levels of inflammatory markers, prevent the deterioration of BMI and phase angle, and prevent the development of malnutrition in overweight COVID-19 patients.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Marcello Candelli, Giulia Pignataro, Marta Sacco Fernandez, Sara Cicchinelli, Antonio Gulli, Enrico Torelli, Maurizio Gabrielli, Andrea Piccioni, Marcello Covino, Veronica Ojetti, Massimo Antonelli, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi
Summary: This study aims to evaluate clinical and laboratory indicators associated with mortality and determine a prognostic score based on these variables. A score called ANCOC (Age, blood urea Nitrogen, C-reactive protein, Oxygen saturation, Comorbidities) was created to predict the risk of death in COVID-19 patients. The ANCOC score showed high diagnostic accuracy in predicting mortality.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Remo Poto, Gianluca Laniro, Amato de Paulis, Giuseppe Spadaro, Gianni Marone, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gilda Varricchi
Summary: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by low immunoglobulin levels and susceptibility to infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. The exact cause of CVID is unknown, but there is evidence supporting a link between the gut microbiome and CVID pathogenesis. This suggests that microbiome-based treatments, such as diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, could be potential therapeutic approaches for CVID.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
