Review
Immunology
Jing Zhang, Ling Chen, Yang Yang, Xiao Liu, Yuan Yuan, Shi-rong Song, Yue Zhao, Jian Mao
Summary: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics of late-onset sepsis (LOS) caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in preterm neonates and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers. The results showed that LOS caused by Gram-negative bacteria in preterm neonates had higher levels of CRP and lower platelet counts. Therefore, platelet count and CRP values may be useful biomarkers to differentiate sepsis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in preterm neonates.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yingping Xiao, Huicong Zou, Jingjing Li, Tongxing Song, Wentao Lv, Wen Wang, Zhenyu Wang, Shiyu Tao
Summary: Quorum sensing is a vital molecular signaling mechanism in bacteria that regulates microbial community behavior and host cell function. Blocking quorum sensing signaling molecules may present opportunities for combating diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kumar Sachin Singh, Rishabh Sharma, Poli Adi Narayana Reddy, Prashanthi Vonteddu, Madeline Good, Anjana Sundarrajan, Hyeree Choi, Kar Muthumani, Andrew Kossenkov, Aaron R. Goldman, Hsin-Yao Tang, Maxim Totrov, Joel Cassel, Maureen E. Murphy, Rajasekharan Somasundaram, Meenhard Herlyn, Joseph M. Salvino, Farokh Dotiwala
Summary: Isoprenoids are essential for maintaining cellular functions and IspH is a crucial enzyme in their synthesis pathway. Through structure-guided design, a class of IspH inhibitors with nanomolar potency were identified, showing efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria while being relatively non-toxic to mammalian cells. These prodrugs also induce expansion and activation of human V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells, suggesting a potential strategy to limit antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aliya Fazal, Sajida Ara, Muhammad Tayab Ishaq, Kalsoom Sughra
Summary: The study focuses on the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using vegetable peels, with an ecofriendly approach and low fabrication temperature. It also explores the antibacterial efficacy of the nanoparticles, showing a more significant biocidal effect on Gram-negative bacteria compared to Gram-positive bacteria. The research highlights the potential of utilizing biowaste for the production of useful products.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Sarika Suresh, Prathiksha Prabhakara Alva, Ramya Premanath
Summary: Quorum sensing is a method of inter-cellular communication in bacteria that affects gene expression and pathogenicity, with carbohydrates in the nutritional environment playing an important role in this process. Pathogenic bacteria can rapidly regulate their QS-linked virulence gene expression based on changing nutrient levels to thrive in diverse niches.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Edwin Esau Hernandez-Arvizu, Teresa Monserrat Silis-Moreno, Jose Alejandro Garcia-Arredondo, Angelina Rodriguez-Torres, Jose Antonio Cervantes-Chavez, Juan Mosqueda
Summary: Anti-microbial peptides play a crucial role in the defense mechanisms of various organisms. In this study, a cathelicidin-like peptide called Aquiluscidin was identified for the first time in Crotalus aquilus, exhibiting remarkable inhibitory activity against multiple bacteria. It has the potential to be a candidate for further antimicrobial research.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Antonella Migliaccio, Maria Stabile, Maria Bagattini, Maria Triassi, Rita Berisio, Eliana De Gregorio, Raffaele Zarrilli
Summary: Resveratrol can reverse tolerance and restore susceptibility to CHX and BZK in the majority of microorganisms causing HAI. The efflux pump inhibitor reduced the MIC and MBC of CHX and BZK in most strains, while resveratrol dose-dependently decreased the MIC and MBC of the biocides.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Azza Troudi, Jean Marie Pages, Jean Michel Brunelx
Summary: The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria serves as an efficient barrier against external harmful compounds and plays a crucial role in preventing the entry of antimicrobial agents. Current antibiotics mainly target intracellular components, requiring translocation across membranes. A better understanding of Lipid A synthesis and membrane assembly could lead to the development of new antibacterial drugs against microbial resistance.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Evgeniya V. Prazdnova, Andrey V. Gorovtsov, Nikita G. Vasilchenko, Maxim P. Kulikov, Varvara N. Statsenko, Anna A. Bogdanova, Alexandr G. Refeld, Yaroslav A. Brislavskiy, Vladimir A. Chistyakov, Michael L. Chikindas
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms of quorum-sensing suppression by Gram-positive microorganisms and its practical applications in food fermentation, probiotics, and biotechnology. It also discusses the possible evolutionary role of quorum-quenching mechanisms during the development of interspecies interactions of bacteria.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guocheng Xie, Sijia Gao, Jinzhao Ou, Meng Zhu, Man Wu, Xiaoyan Ju, Zhuang Li, Ye Tian, Zhongwei Niu
Summary: By conjugating peptides onto tobacco mosaic virus, the resulting nanoparticles show significantly enhanced antibacterial effects against Gram-negative bacteria. The high osmotic pressure and reactive oxygen species generated by the peptide-TMV cause the death of Escherichia coli, while also downregulating biofilm-related genes to inhibit biofilm formation. This study opens up new possibilities for combating Gram-negative bacteria-related infections.
Review
Microbiology
Claire Maher, Karl A. Hassan
Summary: Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to antibiotics due to their cell envelope's permeability barrier. Understanding the role of different components in the envelope is crucial for developing new broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Dayse Pereira Dias Silva, Macley Silva Cardoso, Alexandre Jose Macedo
Summary: Bacterial resistance is a major driving force in the worldwide search for new antibacterial agents. Endophytic microorganisms are a promising alternative for drug discovery, as they produce a vast number of metabolites with unique characteristics and bioactive potential. This review highlights the importance of endophytic microorganisms as a source of secondary metabolites against medically important bacteria, particularly gram-negative species. The findings presented in this review provide 166 molecules with characterized chemical structures and antibacterial activities. Additionally, the low cost, ease of maintenance, and optimization-controlled fermentation conditions support reproducibility at a commercial scale.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo, Luis Esau Lopez-Jacome, Rafael Franco-Cendejas, Claudia Adriana Colin-Castro, Melissa Hernandez-Duran, Luis Raul Rivera-Garay, Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez, Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gomez
Summary: The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes were evaluated in a tertiary referral center in El Bajio, Mexico. Among 508 Gram-negative bacilli, 37 were carbapenem-resistant (7.3%), and only 15 (40.5%) of them carried carbapenemase-encoding genes.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Meera Varghese, Manoj Balachandran
Summary: CDs, known for their nontoxic characteristics and inherent antibacterial potency, have gained significant attention as potential alternative antibiotics due to the increasing antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains. The light-driven antibacterial action of CDs is safe and effective with minimal side effects, and their direct interaction with bacterial cells contributes to their overall antibacterial activity. The unique and complex mechanisms of antibacterial activity of CDs involve ROS generation, degeneration of cell structure, and cytoplasm leakage, among other factors, providing insights for significant future research in this area.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kefurong Deng, Yachao Li, Xiaoyu Liang, Cheng Shen, Zenan Zeng, Xianghui Xu
Summary: This study developed virus-inspired nanodrugs for high-efficiency antibiotic delivery and enhanced antibacterial effects, demonstrating their potential application in antibacterial treatment.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elodie Ramond, Jan Paul Dudzic, Bruno Lemaitre
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandy Al Hayek, Ahmad Alsawadi, Zakaria Kambris, Jean-Philippe Boquete, Jerome Bohere, Clement Immarigeon, Brice Ronsin, Serge Plaza, Bruno Lemaitre, Francois Payre, Dani Osman
Summary: The research uncovers a cell-intrinsic role of the OvoL family transcription factor Shavenbaby (Svb) in balancing self-renewal and differentiation of Drosophila intestinal stem cells, mediated by the downstream target of Wnt and EGFR pathways. The switch between Svb repressor and activator is triggered by systemic steroid hormone, adjusting stem cell proliferation versus differentiation and suggesting a broad role of OvoL/Svb in adult and cancer stem cells.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Claudine Neyen
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Michael Gerth, Humberto Martinez-Montoya, Paulino Ramirez, Florent Masson, Joanne S. Griffin, Rodolfo Aramayo, Stefanos Siozios, Bruno Lemaitre, Mariana Mateos, Gregory D. D. Hurst
Summary: Studies have shown that Spiroplasma has a rapid evolutionary rate, high substitution rate, significant genomic structural differences, and the absence of mismatch repair loci may contribute to the elevated substitution rates. Different Spiroplasma lineages exhibit dynamic evolution in their morphology, and loci similar to the malekilling toxin Spaid have been identified in various Spiroplasma strains and other endosymbionts.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florent Masson, Samuel Rommelaere, Alice Marra, Fanny Schuepfer, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: Insects are frequently infected with heritable bacterial endosymbionts, which have a significant impact on host physiology and evolution. This study reveals the chronic activation of the Toll immune pathway by the endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii in Drosophila hemolymph through dual proteomics analysis, which was not detected by transcriptomics-based approaches. Candidate proteins potentially involved in controlling S. poulsonii growth were also identified through Drosophila genetics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bianca Petrignani, Samuel Rommelaere, Ketty Hakim-Mishnaevski, Florent Masson, Elodie Ramond, Reut Hilu-Dadia, Mickael Poidevin, Shu Kondo, Estee Kurant, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of the Nimrod family member NimB4 in the clearance of apoptotic cells in Drosophila, particularly in phagosome maturation, possibly through binding to apoptotic corpses to engage a phagosome maturation program dedicated to efferocytosis.
Article
Microbiology
A. Marra, M. A. Hanson, S. Kondo, B. Erkosar, B. Lemaitre
Summary: This study demonstrates that the immune effectors, antimicrobial peptides, and lysozymes actively regulate the composition and abundance of gut microbiota in fruit flies. Loss of these immune effectors exacerbates during aging, leading to increased microbiota abundance and shifted composition in aged flies. The findings suggest that immune effectors, known for resistance against pathogens, also influence the beneficial gut community composition.
Article
Microbiology
Mark Austin Hanson, Lianne B. Cohen, Alice Marra, Igor Iatsenko, Steven A. Wasserman, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster produces a variety of effector peptides to combat microbial infection, including a novel antifungal peptide gene named Baramicin A. This gene is strongly induced in the fat body downstream of the Toll pathway and plays a key role in the antimicrobial response of the fruit fly.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexia L. Carboni, Mark A. Hanson, Scott A. Lindsay, Steven A. Wasserman, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: Cecropins are small helical secreted peptides with antimicrobial activity that play an important role in host defense. Experimental studies have shown that Cecropins play a role in defense against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi in fruit flies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florent Masson, Xavier Pierrat, Bruno Lemaitre, Alexandre Persat
Summary: A rigid cell wall defines bacteria morphology, but wall-less Spiroplasma have five homologs of MreB. Research shows that these homologs play a key role in forming a polymeric cytoskeleton in shaping the cell.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florent Masson, Samuel Rommelaere, Fanny Schupfer, Jean-Philippe Boquete, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: The abundance and amino acid composition of a protein called Spiralin B (SpiB) plays a crucial role in the nutritional interactions between insects and their endosymbionts. Increasing SpiB levels disrupts the localization of endosymbionts in insect eggs and decreases vertical transmission. This protein ensures the durability of the interaction in a variable environment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
M. A. Hanson, S. Kondo, B. Lemaitre
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a crucial role in defending against infection in plants and animals. A study on Drosophila has revealed that the Drosocin gene encodes two prominent host defense peptides with different specificities against distinct pathogens.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mark Hanson, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host-encoded antibiotics that not only combat invading pathogens, but also have roles in neurological contexts. The evolutionary history of Baramicin genes reveals how they have adapted for either immune-specific or neurological roles, providing a case study for how AMP-encoding genes might play dual roles in both immune and non-immune processes via their multiple peptide products.
Article
Cell Biology
Mark A. Hanson, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play important roles in host defense and have been implicated in the clearance of aberrant cells and neurodegenerative syndromes. AMPs are produced in Drosophila downstream of Toll and Imd NF-κB pathways and have antimicrobial properties. Aging leads to upregulation of AMPs, potentially contributing to age-associated inflammatory diseases. However, the individual effects of AMPs on lifespan have been inconclusive. In this study, the researchers found no significant effect of individual AMPs on lifespan, except for Defensin. However, flies lacking seven AMP gene families displayed a reduced lifespan due to microbiome dysbiosis, and germ-free conditions extended their lifespan. Overall, AMPs collectively impact lifespan by preventing dysbiosis during aging.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. A. Hanson, L. Grollmus, B. Lemaitre
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides, encoded by the host, play a crucial role in combating pathogens and shaping the microbiome in plants and animals. This study focuses on the Diptericin antimicrobial peptide family of Diptera and reveals the specific roles of DptA and DptB in Drosophila melanogaster, demonstrating how they interact with different bacteria. The findings also highlight the correlation between the presence of DptA- or DptB-like genes and the presence of specific bacteria across Diptera.
