Article
Food Science & Technology
Ixchel Campos-Avelar, Alexandre Colas de la Noue, Noel Durand, Guillaume Cazals, Veronique Martinez, Caroline Strub, Angelique Fontana, Sabine Schorr-Galindo
Summary: The study found that Streptomyces can effectively inhibit Aspergillus flavus growth and decrease aflatoxin production, with most isolates capable of degrading Aflatoxin B-1 in both solid and liquid cultures. Bacterial cells and cell-free extracts showed varying effectiveness in degradation and detoxification of the mycotoxin.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Dan Xu, Mengyao Xue, Zhen Shen, Xiaowei Jia, Xuwen Hou, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: Fungal phytotoxic secondary metabolites are toxic substances produced by fungi through biochemical reactions, with a high level of diversity in their properties. These metabolites are mainly isolated from phytopathogenic fungal species, with aromatic polyketides and sesquiterpenoids being the main phytotoxic compounds.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Leila Peivasteh-Roudsari, Mohadeseh Pirhadi, Razieh Shahbazi, Hadi Eghbaljoo-Gharehgheshlaghi, Mahtab Sepahi, Adel Mirza Alizadeh, Behrouz Tajdar-oranj, Sahar Jazaeri
Summary: To prevent and control mycotoxins, a combination of strategies including environmental control, good agricultural and manufacturing practices, suitable storage conditions, proper quality assurance programs, and bio-safe post-harvest detoxifying methods is needed. The most effective methods are those carried out before the fungal infestation and mycotoxin production on the plant.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tania Villarreal-Barajas, Alma Vazquez-Duran, Abraham Mendez-Albores
Summary: Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) is a new antimicrobial agent in the agrofood industry, produced by electrolysis of water without added chemicals except for sodium chloride. It offers advantages over conventional chemical methods, including less chemical residues, safe-handling, secure, energy-saving, cost-effective, and environmentally-friendly. EOW provides a safer and more socially acceptable solution for fungi decontamination and mycotoxin detoxification.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Julian Andres Gomez-Salazar, Karla Ruiz-Hernandez, Maria Marcela Martinez-Miranda, Katherin Castro-Rios
Summary: Aflatoxins have a significant impact on health and agricultural products worldwide, particularly in major cereals such as maize, wheat, and rice. They are commonly found in regions with high humidity and temperatures, and effective purification methods are needed to reduce their contamination in food.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Thaisa Duarte Santos, Eliana Badiale Furlong
Summary: The occurrence of biological contaminants in common beans presents a challenge for food safety, as they can impact crop yield and human health in various ways, requiring further research to reduce risks.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Adel Mirza Alizadeh, S. Amirhossein Golzan, Aida Mahdavi, Samira Dakhili, Zahra Torki, Hedayat Hosseini
Summary: Essential oils, extracted compounds from plants, are utilized in preventing the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi and eliminating mycotoxins through diverse pathways, disrupting fungal growth and mycotoxin synthesis.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ksenija Nesic, Kristina Habschied, Kresimir Mastanjevic
Summary: Research on biological detoxification of mycotoxins has made significant progress in recent years. Analysis of literature data shows that microorganisms such as yeast, bacteria, fungi, and enzymes can degrade or adsorb mycotoxins, enhancing the safety and quality of crops, animal feed, and food products.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ewa Mulkiewicz, Daniel Wolecki, Klaudia Swiacka, Jolanta Kumirska, Piotr Stepnowski, Magda Caban
Summary: This review presents the current state of knowledge on the metabolic pathways of NSAIDs in organisms at various levels of biological organisation. The study found similarities in NSAIDs metabolism to that in mammals, as well as differences such as newly detected metabolites and phase III metabolism in plants. Some metabolites were found to exhibit higher toxicity than their parent forms.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Esraa E. Ammar, Hadeer A. Rady, Ahmed M. Khattab, Mohamed H. Amer, Sohila A. Mohamed, Nour I. Elodamy, Ammar AL-Farga, Ahmed A. A. Aioub
Summary: Biofertilizers, extracted from a variety of living organisms, are ecofriendly techniques that can increase plant productivity by improving soil fertility and nutrient content. They offer a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers, avoiding pollution and heavy metal accumulation in soil. The use of biofertilizers promotes sustainable development in agriculture, mitigating climate change, and reducing the risk of diseases caused by pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Luca Ferrari, Nicoletta Rizzi, Elisa Grandi, Eleonora Clerici, Erica Tirloni, Simone Stella, Cristian Edoardo Maria Bernardi, Luciano Pinotti
Summary: This study analyzed 95,882 samples of raw milk collected in northern Italy between 2013 and 2021 for the presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Only 0.7% of the samples exceeded the European Union threshold limit of 50 ng/L for AFM1. The study also identified certain feed materials that were more likely to result in AFs transferring from feed to milk. The findings highlight the importance of a robust monitoring system covering both feed and milk to ensure the quality and safety of dairy products.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Luca Ferrari, Francesca Fumagalli, Nicoletta Rizzi, Elisa Grandi, Serena Vailati, Michele Manoni, Matteo Ottoboni, Federica Cheli, Luciano Pinotti
Summary: This study aims to investigate the contamination of aflatoxins in animal feed ingredients in Northern Italy. The data shows a high variability in AF contamination between different matrices and years. Although most cases had concentrations below the EU's maximum levels, there is still a high risk in certain feed ingredients.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jeroen Peters, Edward Ash, Arjen Gerssen, Ruud Van Dam, Maurice C. R. Franssen, Michel W. F. Nielen
Summary: This study demonstrates the controlled biotransformation of ZEN glycosides by Cunninghamella strains, showing significant differences in the production of ZEN glycosides between different strains.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fahad Al-Dhabaan
Summary: This study focused on utilizing an eco-friendly biodegradation technique to dispose of rice straw, which is a byproduct of rice cultivation. Actinobacteria isolated from cultivated soil and rhizosphere areas in Tabuk region played a crucial role in biodegrading starch, cellulose, lignin, and rice straw powder. One particularly effective actinobacterial isolate, identified as Streptomyces tendae, was able to significantly reduce the C/N ratio of rice straw within 42 days.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Anthony Christian Mgbeahuruike, Toochukwu Eleazar Ejiofor, Michael Ushie Ashang, Chiamaka Ojiako, Christian C. Obasi, Chuka Ezema, Obianuju Okoroafor, Mulunda Mwanza, Magnus Karlsson, Kennedy F. Chah
Summary: The study investigated the synergistic interaction of adsorbents in reducing the adverse impacts of mycotoxin on the performance and proximate composition of broiler feeds. Results showed that the addition of bentonite and kaolin could reduce mycotoxin levels significantly and improve the nutritional composition of the feeds, as well as the weight gain of broilers.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Dan Xu, Mengyao Xue, Zhen Shen, Xiaowei Jia, Xuwen Hou, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: Fungal phytotoxic secondary metabolites are toxic substances produced by fungi through biochemical reactions, with a high level of diversity in their properties. These metabolites are mainly isolated from phytopathogenic fungal species, with aromatic polyketides and sesquiterpenoids being the main phytotoxic compounds.
Article
Microbiology
Xuwen Hou, Xuping Zhang, Mengyao Xue, Zhitong Zhao, Huizhen Zhang, Dan Xu, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: This review summarizes the structures and bioactivities of 69 sorbicillinoids newly identified from 2016 to 2021. These compounds are classified into different categories and exhibit various biological activities, including cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and phytotoxic effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuping Zhang, Dan Xu, Xuwen Hou, Penglin Wei, Jiajin Fu, Zhitong Zhao, Mingpeng Jing, Daowan Lai, Wenbing Yin, Ligang Zhou
Summary: This study identified a sorbicillinoid biosynthetic gene cluster in U. virens and demonstrated that UvSorA and UvSorB are responsible for sorbicillinoid biosynthesis and play important roles in the fungal response to external stresses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Weixuan Wang, Gan Gu, Ruya Yin, Jiajin Fu, Mingpeng Jing, Zhen Shen, Daowan Lai, Baomin Wang, Ligang Zhou
Summary: In this study, a nanobody phage display library was established and two nanobodies were selected for the development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) to detect ustilaginoidins in rice. Nb-B15 showed superior characteristics compared to Nb-C21 and was chosen for the detection of actual contaminated rice samples. The developed ic-ELISA based on Nb-B15 showed consistent results with HPLC-DAD analysis, suggesting it can be a rapid and effective method for detecting total ustilaginoidins in contaminated rice samples.
Review
Microbiology
Mengyao Xue, Xuwen Hou, Jiajin Fu, Jiayin Zhang, Jiacheng Wang, Zhitong Zhao, Dan Xu, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: Genomic analysis has identified cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters in fungi that are normally silenced but can be induced using chemical-epigenetic modifiers. These modifiers, such as 5-azacytidine and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, alter the structure of DNA and histones to activate the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. This review summarizes the research progress from 2007 to 2022 on using chemical epigenetic modifiers to trigger silent or low-expressed biosynthetic pathways in fungi, resulting in the production of over 540 fungal secondary metabolites with significant biological activities.
Article
Microbiology
Xuping Zhang, Xuwen Hou, Dan Xu, Mengyao Xue, Jiayin Zhang, Jiacheng Wang, Yonglin Yang, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: In this study, the effects of environmental factors on U. virens were investigated. It was found that fructose, glucose, complex nitrogen sources, acidic conditions, and light exposure favored the production of sorbicillinoids. The relative transcript levels of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis genes were up-regulated when U. virens was exposed to these favorable environmental factors, indicating that sorbicillinoid biosynthesis is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level. Two pathway-specific transcription factor genes, UvSorR1 and UvSorR2, were identified to be involved in the regulation of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulation mechanisms of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis and can contribute to the development of effective means for controlling sorbicillinoid production in U. virens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengyao Xue, Siji Zhao, Gan Gu, Dan Xu, Xuping Zhang, Xuwen Hou, Jiankun Miao, Hai Dong, Dongwei Hu, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: Rice false smut caused by Villosiclava virens is a highly destructive fungal disease that reduces the yield and quality of rice grains. This study isolated an albino strain LN02 from white false smut balls collected in China. The genome analysis revealed the deficiency of ustilaginoidin biosynthesis in strain LN02, which led to albinism. This finding highlights the potential of strain LN02 in the development and application of secondary metabolites.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gan Gu, Xiao Gong, Dan Xu, Yonglin Yang, Ruya Yin, Jungui Dai, Kui Zhu, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: Ten new diphenyl ether polyketides, rhexocerins A-D(1-4)and rhexocercosporins A-F(5-10), as well as three known congeners (11-13), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Rhexocercosporidium sp.Dzf14 from Dioscorea zingiberensis. Their structures were determined by NMR, HRESIMS, quantum chemical ECD calculations, and X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1 and 5-9 exhibited antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant S. aureus T144 and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gan Gu, Xiaowei Jia, Weixuan Wang, Peng Li, Siji Zhao, Zhiyao Zhou, Ruya Yin, Daowan Lai, Suqin Song, Ligang Zhou
Summary: A total of 99 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from the roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata, with 11 different genera identified, dominated by Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Fusarium. Among 22 fungi extracts, Alternaria angustiovoidea Glinf007 showed significant mycelial growth inhibitory activity against three rice fungal pathogens. The study suggests that G. inflata harbors a diverse community of endophytic fungi with potential natural antimicrobial properties beneficial for agriculture and pharmaceutical industries.
MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dan Xu, Ruya Yin, Zhiyao Zhou, Gan Gu, Siji Zhao, Jin-Rong Xu, Junfeng Liu, You-Liang Peng, Daowan Lai, Ligang Zhou
Summary: Ustilaginoidins are a type of mycotoxin produced by Ustilaginoidea virens, featuring a dimeric naphtho-gamma-pyrone skeleton. The biosynthesis process involves multiple steps, including the discovery of dimeric compounds and double bond reduction. Different enzymes play roles at different stages, leading to the formation of diverse ustilaginoidins.