Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio De Vincentis, Marco Santonico, Federica Del Chierico, Annamaria Altomare, Benedetta Marigliano, Alice Laudisio, Sofia Reddel, Simone Grasso, Alessandro Zompanti, Giorgio Pennazza, Lorenza Putignani, Michele Pier Luca Guarino, Michele Cicala, Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi
Summary: In patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD), rifaximin therapy can lead to significant changes in certain taxa of gut microbiota. While the electronic multisensorial system did not accurately reflect microbiota changes, it was able to predict clinical improvement in patients receiving rifaximin therapy effectively.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Anneloes van Duijn, Sjoerd H. Van der Burg, Ferenc A. Scheeren
Summary: This article focuses on the interactions between myeloid immune cells and anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Blocking the CD47/SIRP alpha axis can enhance adaptive immune response. The potential therapeutic role of CD47/SIRP alpha axis is discussed in tumors with acquired resistance to classic immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kai Fu Jhuang, Man Lun Hsu, Yu-Chia Chen, Jan-Growth Chang, Moncef Zouali
Summary: B lymphocytes can initiate both rapid T cell-independent (TI) and delayed long-lasting T cell-independent (TD) responses, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the epigenomic dynamics of human B cells during ex vivo response, and found extensive remodeling of the DNA methylation landscape during B cell differentiation after TI and TD signaling. The changes in DNA methylation were observed in different regions of the B cell genome, including non- C-phosphate-G CpG islands, suggesting the involvement of distal regulatory elements in regulating gene transcription in B cells. Furthermore, stimulation of B cells through an innate pathway resulted in higher levels of DNA methylation modifications, indicating distinct trajectories for TI and TD B lymphocyte responses.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ghada Tafesh-Edwards, Ioannis Eleftherianos
Summary: The gut epithelia of animals house complex microbial communities that play a crucial role in maintaining immune and cellular homeostasis. These microbial populations have adapted to the gut environment and regulate intestinal stem cells, promoting a healthy gut barrier and epithelial self-renewal. Disruption of these populations is associated with inflammatory disorders and cancerous lesions of the intestine, but the molecular mechanisms controlling gut-microbe interactions are still not fully understood.
Article
Microbiology
Nelly Amenyogbe, Pedro Dimitriu, Kinga K. Smolen, Eric M. Brown, Casey P. Shannon, Scott J. Tebbutt, Phillip J. Cooper, Arnaud Marchant, Tessa Goetghebuer, Monika Esser, Brett B. Finlay, Tobias R. Kollmann, William W. Mohn
Summary: This study identified differences in immune responses correlating to gut microbiomes across biogeographically diverse settings and evaluated biological plausibility using a mouse model.
Review
Immunology
Trevor Ung, Nakisha S. Rutledge, Adam M. Weiss, Aaron P. Esser-Kahn, Peter Deak
Summary: This article summarizes the recent advancements in immunology and chemistry in targeted vaccine technology, including cellular targets, methods of targeting, and their effects on immune responses. The relationships between vaccine targets and subsequent adaptive immune responses are crucial for effective vaccine design, potentially leading to more effective, disease-specific vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Tianmeng Yan, Zhenying Zhang
Summary: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease primarily affecting elderly individuals. It presents with heterogeneous manifestations, typically characterized by microscopically subepidermal separation and mixed inflammatory infiltrate. The development mechanism of BP remains unclear. B cells are involved in pathogenic autoantibody production, and other immune cells such as T cells, type II inflammatory cytokines, eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils, and keratinocytes also contribute to the pathogenesis of BP. This review focuses on the roles and crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells in BP.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helena Marcos Pasero, Aurora Garcia Tejedor, Juan Antonio Gimenez-Bastida, Jose Moises Laparra Llopis
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a inflammation-related cognitive decline, with the immune microenvironment playing a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Various peripheral stimuli are involved in the progression and severity of the disease. Targeting immune signals and cells is achievable, but more understanding of their contribution to the disease is needed for effective interventions. An integrative perspective can improve the health of AD patients.
Review
Immunology
George W. Burke III, Alla Mitrofanova, Antonio Fontanella, Gaetano Ciancio, David Roth, Phil Ruiz, Carolyn Abitbol, Jayanthi Chandar, Sandra Merscher, Alessia Fornoni
Summary: This article focuses on the podocyte as the target of circulating factors causing recurrent proteinuria in patients with FSGS after kidney transplantation. Studies involving pre- and post-reperfusion biopsies, as well as in vitro podocyte liquid biopsies/assays, have provided insights into new pathways and potential therapeutic targets. The successful use of immunomodulating agents, such as rituximab and abatacept, suggests direct effects on the podocyte beyond immunosuppression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Awirut Charoensappakit, Kritsanawan Sae-khow, Asada Leelahavanichkul
Summary: The gut barrier and gut microbiota play important roles in the development and exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Gut permeability defects can lead to the translocation of microbial molecules into the blood, causing systemic inflammation. Imbalance of gut microbiota and immune hyper-responsiveness also contribute to lupus development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Itai Doron, Irina Leonardi, Xin Li, William D. Fiers, Alexa Semon, Meghan Bialt-DeCelie, Melanie Migaud, Iris H. Gao, Woan-Yu Lin, Takato Kusakabe, Anne Puel, Iliyan D. Iliev
Summary: This study reveals the important role of gut commensal fungi in shaping the human antibody repertoire through CARD9-dependent induction of host-protective antifungal IgG.
Candida albicans is the major inducer of antifungal immunoglobulin G (IgG) and provides protection against disseminated candidiasis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
R. De Bastiani, G. Sanna, L. Bertolusso, G. Casella, M. De Polo, M. Zamparella, C. Cottone, C. Tosetti, M. Mancuso, E. Pirrotta, L. Lanzarotto, L. Napoli, M. De Bastiani, G. Disclafani, P. Gambaro, R. Scoglio, A. Belvedere, S. Fasulo, M. D'Urso, E. Benedetto, E. Baldi, F. Marchesan, G. Abagnale, L. Turnava, E. Salome, F. Ingravalle, A. Tursi
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of rifaximin treatment for symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease of the colon (SUDD) by General Practitioners (GPs) in a primary care setting. The results showed a significant reduction in symptoms after three months of treatment, with minimal adverse events recorded. Overall, rifaximin was found to be an effective treatment option for SUDD managed by GPs in real-life settings.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rossella Cianci, Laura Franza, Raffaele Borriello, Danilo Pagliari, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi
Summary: Heart failure is a complex health issue where the immune system and microbiota modulation play important roles in its pathogenesis and progression.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongliang Zhang, Jie Gao, Yujie Tang, Tengchuan Jin, Jinhui Tao
Summary: Inflammasomes play a crucial role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems, acting as a bridge between these two components to maintain a fine balance in immune responses. Understanding the function of inflammasomes in lymphocytes can provide new insights into the mechanisms and treatment of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and tumors.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rita Marino, Daniela Melillo, Paola Italiani, Diana Boraschi
Summary: The immune response to hypoxia/starvation and the presence of nanoplastics in the pharynx and gut of C. robusta were assessed. The two organs showed different immune adaptation to stress, and the presence of nanoplastics altered the gene modulation induced by stress in both organs. The hypoxia/starvation stress induced changes in the response to bacterial agent LPS, and the co-exposure with nanoplastics partially modulated the stress-induced memory response to LPS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pierluigi Rio, Chiara Cavallaro, Francesca Diomedi-Camassei, Rossella Cianci, Giovanni Gambassi
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Guendalina Montico, Francesca Mingozzi, Fabio Casciano, Giulia Protti, Laura Gornati, Erika Marzola, Giuseppe Banfi, Remo Guerrini, Paola Secchiero, Stefano Volinia, Francesca Granucci, Eva Reali
Summary: This study found clonal expansion of CCR4(+) T-CM cells in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with psoriatic arthritis, suggesting a role in the generation and spreading of autoreactive T cells to the synovioentheseal tissues.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paola Gualtieri, Marco Marchetti, Giulia Frank, Rossella Cianci, Giulia Bigioni, Carmela Colica, Laura Soldati, Alessandra Moia, Antonino De Lorenzo, Laura Di Renzo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its impact on health, environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. The study found that adherence to the Mediterranean diet affected carbon and water footprints as well as food expenditure. The results showed that individuals with lower and medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet had higher carbon and water footprints. There were also significant differences in food expenditure among different levels of adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Paola Gualtieri, Marco Marchetti, Giulia Frank, Antonella Smeriglio, Domenico Trombetta, Carmela Colica, Rossella Cianci, Antonino De Lorenzo, Laura Di Renzo
Summary: The Mediterranean Diet is associated with beneficial effects against chronic non-communicable diseases. A study on 24 subjects showed that 2-week supplementation with mixed apple and bergamot juice had a positive impact on body composition, biochemical profile, and oxidative and inflammatory gene expression. The supplementation resulted in increased lean mass, reduced total cholesterol/HDL index, and improved gene expression related to CNCDs.
Article
Immunology
Rossella Cianci, Laura Franza, Giulia Pignataro, Maria Grazia Massaro, Pierluigi Rio, Antonio Tota, Francesca Ocarino, Marta Sacco Fernandez, Francesco Franceschi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi, Marcello Candelli
Summary: The impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on the prognosis of infected patients was evaluated in this study. Results showed that vaccination with at least two doses reduced the need for ICU admission, and even one shot of the vaccine significantly reduced 30-day mortality. All-cause mortality related to SARS-CoV-2 infection has declined from the first wave to subsequent waves.
Article
Biology
Fabio Casciano, Nicoletta Bianchi, Mirta Borin, Vittorio Vellani, Paola Secchiero, Carlo M. Bergamini, Simona Capsoni, Angela Pignatelli
Summary: We demonstrated for the first time that fluorescence intensity correlates very well with the expression of genes typical of different stages of maturation in dopaminergic neurons. We propose that the FACS method used to isolate these neurons may be used to engineer new neurons for therapeutic purposes in widespread pathologies, such as Parkinson's disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rossella Cianci, Maria Grazia Massaro, Elisabetta De Santis, Beatrice Totti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi, Vincenzo Giambra
Summary: This brief report aimed to assess the correlation between Remdesivir (RDV) therapy and variation in lymphocyte subpopulations. The results showed significant changes in lymphocyte subpopulations after RDV therapy, with an increase in B lymphocytes and plasmablasts, and a reduction in cytotoxic T lymphocytes. There was also a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in circulating monocytes. Patients with different disease severity showed different lymphocyte count changes after RDV treatment. These findings may suggest a potential regulatory role of RDV treatment in the immune response against the virus and the cytokine storm observed in patients with more severe disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paola Gualtieri, Rossella Cianci, Giulia Frank, Erica Pizzocaro, Gemma Lou De Santis, Silvia Giannattasio, Giuseppe Merra, Giovanni Butturini, Antonino De Lorenzo, Laura Di Renzo
Summary: The incidence of pancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is increasing worldwide and is associated with chronic inflammation. Imbalance in the gut microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, can lead to chronic inflammation and potentially promote PDAC development. Nutrition plays a modulatory role in the immunological processes of PDAC, influencing the gut microbiota composition and inflammation levels, thereby affecting the pathogenesis and progression of PDAC.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Laura Di Renzo, Paola Gualtieri, Giulia Frank, Gemma Lou De Santis, Rossella Cianci, Giulia Bigioni, Antonino De Lorenzo
Summary: The study aims to assess the effects of Mediterranean diet on healthy volunteers and found that sex differences impact the treatment response and genetic expression related to oxidative stress. These findings may contribute to personalized diet therapy and overall health and well-being.
Review
Oncology
Fabio Casciano, Enrico Zauli, Massimo Busin, Lorenzo Caruso, Saleh AlMesfer, Samar Al-Swailem, Giorgio Zauli, Angeli Christy Yu
Summary: Ocular malignancies have significant impacts on national healthcare systems and can result in significant vision loss. The role of p53 in maintaining ocular homeostasis and its potential as a targeted therapy for managing ocular tumors are discussed in this review.
Review
Immunology
Francesca Romana Ponziani, Gaetano Coppola, Pierluigi Rio, Mario Caldarelli, Raffaele Borriello, Giovanni Gambassi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Rossella Cianci
Summary: This article explores the impact of the microbiota on vaccine immune responses, suggesting that modulation of the microbiota may enhance vaccine immunogenicity. It lays the foundation for future translation of this approach into clinical practice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giordana Feriotto, Paolo Marchetti, Riccardo Rondanin, Federico Tagliati, Serena Aguzzi, Simone Beninati, Fabio Casciano, Claudio Tabolacci, Carlo Mischiati
Summary: In this study, the bis-ketone moiety of curcumin (CUR) was replaced to obtain more stable derivatives 2 and 22. The evaluation of their chemical-physical characteristics and cell experiments showed that derivatives 2 and 22 had better bioavailability and stability than CUR, and exhibited significant cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effects on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. Moreover, derivative 22 was able to reverse drug resistance in CML cells resistant to imatinib (IM).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mario Caldarelli, Laura Franza, Pierluigi Rio, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi, Rossella Cianci
Summary: The microbiota has a significant impact on health and disease, including inflammation and immune disorders, as well as complex conditions such as neurological, psychiatric, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiota may serve as an intermediary in the close interaction between the kidneys and the cardiovascular system, known as the gut-kidney-heart axis.
Review
Cell Biology
Vincenzo Giambra, Danilo Pagliari, Pierluigi Rio, Beatrice Totti, Chiara Di Nunzio, Annalisa Bosi, Cristina Giaroni, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi, Rossella Cianci
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic inflammation and an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The imbalance between the immune system and gut microbiota leads to changes in gut permeability, triggering inflammatory responses. This review provides an overview of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including their recognition mechanisms, signaling pathways, and contributions to immune responses.
