Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fu-Chen Huang, Shun-Chen Huang
Summary: The combination of butyrate and active vitamin D has been shown to synergistically reduce the severity of Salmonella colitis and enhance host immune responses by upregulating antimicrobial peptides through VDR-mediated antibacterial and anti-inflammatory pathways.
Article
Immunology
Louise R. Durrant, Giselda Bucca, Andrew Hesketh, Carla Moller-Levet, Laura Tripkovic, Huihai Wu, Kathryn H. Hart, John C. Mathers, Ruan M. Elliott, Susan A. Lanham-New, Colin P. Smith
Summary: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health and calcium balance, and also has broad effects on cellular physiology and the immune system. This study examines the differences in gene expression following supplementation with vitamin D-2 and D-3, and suggests the existence of ethnic variations in the response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. Zeller, B. Bogner, J. D. McFadyen, J. Kiefer, D. Braig, G. Pietersz, G. Krippner, T. L. Nero, C. J. Morton, K. S. Cheung Tung Shing, M. W. Parker, K. Peter, S. U. Eisenhardt
Summary: C-reactive protein (CRP) is not only a marker of inflammation and predictor of cardiovascular risk, but also a direct pathogenic pro-inflammatory mediator in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The different conformations of the CRP system can aggravate tissue injury in pathological conditions, and studying the structural changes of CRP could be a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases and excessive inflammation.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Erica Novo, Andrea Cappon, Gianmarco Villano, Santina Quarta, Stefania Cannito, Claudia Bocca, Cristian Turato, Maria Guido, Marina Maggiora, Francesca Protopapa, Salvatore Sutti, Alessia Provera, Mariagrazia Ruvoletto, Alessandra Biasiolo, Beatrice Foglia, Emanuele Albano, Patrizia Pontisso, Maurizio Parola
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a common chronic liver disease worldwide. This study found that the protein SB3 plays a pro-inflammatory role in the progression of NAFLD and may contribute to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that SB3 stimulated macrophages to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulated the expression of markers associated with NASH.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Fu-Chen Huang, Shun-Chen Huang
Summary: This study demonstrated that active vitamin D3 can reduce the severity of Salmonella colitis by decreasing inflammation and bacterial translocation, as well as inducing the killing and autophagic clearance of pathogenic organisms.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biology
Diego Angosto-Bazarra, Cristina Molina-Lopez, Pablo Pelegrin
Summary: This review discusses the emerging roles of NLRP6 in intestinal homeostasis, inflammation, cancer, the nervous system, and liver disease. It highlights the ability of NLRP6 to signal through inflammasome formation, but also emphasizes its important role independent of inflammasomes. The review also explores the protective and deleterious consequences of NLRP6 involvement in various diseases.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Juanfeng Lao, Zhi Xie, Qunshi Qin, Ru Qin, Shangyang Li, Yulin Yuan
Summary: This study investigated the serum levels of LL-37 and inflammatory cytokines, as well as correlations between them in Psoriasis patients. The results showed that LL-37 expression was significantly associated with inflammatory response, providing new ideas for diagnosing and monitoring disease activity of Psoriasis.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fu-Chen Huang, Shun-Chen Huang
Summary: Our study demonstrated the combined beneficial effects of postbiotic butyrate and active vitamin D3 on innate immunity to Salmonella Colitis. We investigated the involvement of acyl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in these effects and found that AhR inhibitor counteracted the synergistic effects, suggesting the potential biological treatment of Salmonella Colitis. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the role of AhR in colitis and innate immunity.
Article
Parasitology
Juan Felipe Valdes-Lopez, Paula Velilla, Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
Summary: Vitamin D3 may play an important role in modulating the inflammatory response during Chikungunya virus infection in humans.
Article
Cell Biology
Joan-Carles Escolano, Anna Taubenberger, Shada Abuhattum, Christine Schweitzer, Aleeza Farrukh, Aranzazu del Campo, Clare E. Bryant, Jochen Guck
Summary: This study investigated how substrate stiffness affects the inflammatory response of macrophages and the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, showing that macrophages are sensitive to substrate stiffness and actomyosin contractility plays a role in this mechanosensory response.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marlies P. Noz, Annemieke ter Telgte, Kim Wiegertjes, Anil M. Tuladhar, Charlotte Kaffa, Simone Kersten, Siroon Bekkering, Charlotte D. C. C. van der Heijden, Alexander Hoischen, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea, Marco Duering, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Niels P. Riksen
Summary: The study found that individuals with progressive SVD have circulating monocytes with an inflammatory phenotype, characterized by increased cytokine production capacity and a pro-inflammatory transcriptional signature.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Albert Frank Magnusen, Shelby Loraine Hatton, Reena Rani, Manoj Kumar Pandey
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, resulting in motor and non-motor symptoms. Genetic mutations and abnormal activation of microglial cells are believed to be key factors in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in PD. However, the exact disease mechanisms and innovative biomarkers for PD linked to specific genetic defects remain largely unknown.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Robert A. Saxton, Lukas T. Henneberg, Marco Calafiore, Leon Su, Kevin M. Jude, Alan M. Hanash, K. Christopher Garcia
Summary: This study engineered a high-affinity IL-22 superagonist to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the IL-22 signaling pathway. They found that precise control of IL-22 signaling can be achieved by modulating receptor expression levels and signaling bias, leading to tissue protection effects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timur Oljuskin, Nazli Azodi, Greta Volpedo, Parna Bhattacharya, Hannah L. Markle, Shinjiro Hamano, Greg Matlashewski, Abhay R. Satoskar, Sreenivas Gannavaram, Hira L. Nakhasi
Summary: Leishmaniasis remains a prevalent parasitic disease worldwide, with efforts to develop a licensed human vaccine ongoing. A live attenuated vaccine using gene deletion mutant strains shows promise in inducing strong protective immune responses, with metabolomic analysis revealing modulation of host cell metabolism and promotion of pro-inflammatory responses as key mechanisms of protection.
Article
Surgery
Olivier Desy, Patrice Vallin, Stephanie Beland, Francois Bouchard-Boivin, Alcino P. Gama, Sacha A. De Serres
Summary: The toxicity of immunosuppression increases with age due to a decrease in pro-inflammatory immune cell function posttransplant in older recipients. However, older recipients also show a stable, low alloimmune response over time, particularly in response to HLA peptides, with no evidence of a decrease in APCs costimulation capacity. The impact of reduced immunosuppressant doses on preventing this phenomenon requires further clarification.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sophie Sarah Steinhaeuser, Erika Morera, Zuzana Budkova, Alexander Schepsky, Qiong Wang, Ottar Rolfsson, Angela Riedel, Aileen Krueger, Bylgja Hilmarsdottir, Gunhild Mari Maelandsmo, Bryndis Valdimarsdottir, Anna Karen Sigurdardottir, Bjarni Agnar Agnarsson, Jon Gunnlaugur Jonasson, Saevar Ingthorsson, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir, Thordur Oskarsson, Thorarinn Gudjonsson
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Rokeya Sultana Rekha, Harpa Karadottir, Sultan Ahmed, Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson, Birgitta Agerberth, Peter Bergman
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Alexander Schepsky, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir, Jon Petur Joelsson, Saevar Ingthorsson, Jennifer Kricker, Jon Thor Bergthorsson, Arni Asbjarnarson, Thorkell Gudjonsson, Nina Nupponen, Ana Slipicevic, Fredrik Lehmann, Thorarinn Gudjonsson
Review
Immunology
Peter Bergman, Rubhana Raqib, Rokeya Sultana Rekha, Birgitta Agerberth, Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Zuzana Budkova, Anna Karen Sigurdardottir, Eirikur Briem, Jon Thor Bergthorsson, Snaevar Sigurdsson, Magnus Karl Magnusson, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Bylgja Hilmarsdottir
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Juho J. Miettinen, Romika Kumari, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir, Maiju-Emilia Huppunen, Philipp Sergeev, Muntasir M. Majumder, Alexander Schepsky, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Juha Lievonen, Despina Bazou, Paul Dowling, Peter O'Gorman, Ana Slipicevic, Pekka Anttila, Raija Silvennoinen, Nina N. Nupponen, Fredrik Lehmann, Caroline A. Heckman
Summary: The study identified differential expression of aminopeptidases associated with survival in multiple myeloma patients, highlighted the effectiveness of melflufen in relapsed/refractory cases, and demonstrated the role of specific aminopeptidases in activating the drug.
Article
Immunology
Xinmeng Liao, Yawen Lan, Rui Shao, Jiayu Liu, Shufei Liang, Zhan Yin, Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson, Peter Bergman, Min Wan
Summary: Vitamin D has a significant impact on the generation and function of neutrophils in zebrafish, promoting granulopoiesis and enhancing neutrophil activity. VD also reduces bacterial counts and mortality in zebrafish infected with pathogens, in a neutrophil-dependent manner.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Iwona T. Myszor, Snaevar Sigurdsson, Alexia Ros Viktorsdottir, Birgitta Agerberth, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Margret Helga Ogmundsdottir, Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson
Summary: This study found that APD HO53 induces autophagy through a complex mechanism involving multiple pathways and epigenetic events. The induction of autophagy is associated with activation of AMPK, nuclear translocation of TFEB, and changes in expression of autophagy-related genes.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2022)
Correction
Oncology
Anna Karen Sigurdardottir, Arna Steinunn Jonasdottir, Arni Asbjarnarson, Hildur Run Helgudottir, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir
JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Anna Karen Sigurdardottir, Arna Steinunn Jonasdottir, Arni Asbjarnarson, Hildur Run Helgudottir, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir
Summary: The human breast is composed of TDLUs which contain a complex structure of epithelial and stromal cells. The D492 cell line mimics breast structure in culture. PXDN is expressed in breast epithelial cells and impacts epithelial cell differentiation and branching development.
JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marjorie Laurence Barrier, Iwona Teresa Myszor, Priyanka Sahariah, Snaevar Sigurdsson, Miguel Carmena-Bargueno, Horacio Perez-Sanchez, Gudmundur Hrafn Gudmundsson
Summary: In the context of antibiotic resistance, the urgent need for alternative treatment strategies is addressed in this study. The researchers investigated the use of synthetized compounds called aroylated phenylenediamines (APDs) to induce the expression of a gene called cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene (CAMP) as a means to reduce the use of antibiotics during infection. The compound HO53 showed promising results in inducing CAMP expression in bronchial epithelium cells, and further analysis revealed its potential as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, which affects the acetylation status of cells and influences the expression of CAMP and other genes related to innate immunity and metabolism.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Iwona T. Myszor, Gudmundur Hrafn Gudmundsson
Summary: The innate immune system of the airway epithelium consists of multiple components that work together to protect the host from invading pathogens. Modulating innate immune responses in the airway epithelium to boost host defenses and enhance immune responses is an alternative approach to standard antibiotics. This review discusses the possibilities of such modulation for host-directed therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xinmeng Liao, Yawen Lan, Wentao Wang, Jinjin Zhang, Rui Shao, Zhan Yin, Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson, Peter Bergman, Kangsen Mai, Qinghui Ai, Min Wan
Summary: This study used cyp2r1 mutant zebrafish and zebrafish fed a VD-deficient diet as VD-deficient animal models to investigate the role of VD in intestinal immunity against bacterial infection. The results showed that VD deficiency decreased the expression of antimicrobial peptides and IL-22, and increased susceptibility to bacterial infection in zebrafish. VD regulated gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid production in the zebrafish intestine, leading to enhanced immunity.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Rafael W. Hartmann, Matthijs Pijnappel, Johan Nilvebrant, Hildur Run Helgudottir, Arni Asbjarnarson, Gunnhildur Asta Traustadottir, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Per-Ake Nygren, Fredrik Lehmann, Luke R. Odell
Summary: This study demonstrates the transformation of maleimides into water-soluble tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphonium ylides and their potential application in bioconjugation. The new method of Wittig bioconjugate chemistry operates under mild conditions and utilizes highly water-soluble reagents, which may already be part of most biochemists' inventory.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jon P. Joelsson, Iwona T. Myszor, Snaevar Sigurdsson, Fredrik Lehmann, Clive P. Page, Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Sigurbergur Karason
ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION
(2020)