Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katelyn E. Mills, Daniel M. Weary, Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk
Summary: Dairy farms are expanding in size and relying more on external labor, which requires farmers to take on the role of human resource manager. This paper reviews literature on five aspects of human resource management in dairy farming and identifies several areas for future research, suggesting the use of participatory research methods.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bayissa Chala, Feyissa Hamde
Summary: Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose significant public health challenges globally. Interactions among pathogens, hosts, environment, and social demographic factors are key to the emergence and re-emergence of these diseases. Ongoing evolution of pathogens, population growth, urbanization, and climate change are among the factors linked with the appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marwan ElBagoury, Mahmoud M. Tolba, Hebatallah A. Nasser, Abdul Jabbar, Ahmed M. Elagouz, Yahia Aktham, Amy Hutchinson
Summary: The article provides a comprehensive scientific assessment of SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the clinical issues of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccine development, and discussing precautionary measures to achieve curve flattening.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Denis Horgan, Dagmar Fuehrer-Sakel, Paula Soares, Clara Alvarez, Laura Fugazzola, Romana T. Netea-Maier, Barbara Jarzab, Marta Kozaric, Beate Bartes, James Schuster-Bruce, Luigino Dal Maso, Martin Schlumberger, Furio Pacini
Summary: Thyroid cancer, the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, is usually curable, but there are still challenges regarding knowledge improvement, early identification, and reducing overdiagnosis. The European Alliance for Personalised Medicine hosted an expert panel discussion, which proposed recommendations on improving infrastructure, funding, and promoting collaboration to enhance patient care.
Article
Social Issues
Magdalena Diaz Gorfinkiel, Vicente Diaz Gandasegui, M. Victoria Gomez Garcia
Summary: Intimate partner violence remains a critical social issue, and technology is seen as an innovative tool to address it. This article explores the potential of technology, particularly a new device, in protecting female victims through qualitative analysis of expert testimonies.
TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Morgan L. Prust, Amir Mbonde, Clio Rubinos, Gentle S. Shrestha, Morenikeji Komolafe, Deanna Saylor, Halinder S. Mangat
Summary: Acute neurologic illnesses (ANI) cause disproportionate death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) where neurocritical care resources and expertise are limited. Many resource-limited countries lack the infrastructure and trained healthcare workers to provide adequate care for patients with ANI. Capacity-building efforts in LMICs can improve outcomes for patients with ANI.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Candace L. Johnson, Natalie Neu, Lisa Saiman
Summary: We conducted a study on the prevalence of antimicrobial prescriptions in 9 pediatric postacute and long-term care (pPALTC) settings. Antimicrobials were prescribed for 5%-7% of residents for various indications, including infectious, noninfectious, prophylaxis, and unknown. Noninfectious indications often involved the prescription of macrolides. Developing treatment guidelines could help improve antimicrobial stewardship in pPALTC.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Neelam Yadav, Jagriti Narang, Anil Kumar Chhillar, Jogender Singh Rana
Summary: Infectious and hereditary diseases are the primary cause of human mortality globally. CRISPR technology, as an innovative genome editing technology, has shown high sensitivity in therapeutics and can quickly and accurately investigate different pathogens.
NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
C. I. Gotsche, A. Meierkord, J. Baruch, L. Koerner-Nahodilova, H. Weishaar, J. Hanefeld
Summary: Studying the methods, challenges, and opportunities of the epidemic intelligence (EI) workforce can provide insights for future policies and practices in strengthening this field. Currently, there is limited evidence on the involvement of nontraditional disciplines in surveillance work and the potential benefits of involving communities in disease surveillance need further research.
Article
Microbiology
Norvi Rigobert Bienvenu Massengo, Bachirou Tinto, Yannick Simonin
Summary: The One Health concept recognizes the interconnections between human, animal, and ecological health and aims to address the socio-health issues in Africa, particularly infectious diseases like arboviruses. This approach is vital in combating pathogens and ensuring the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment, considering the challenges faced by the African continent. Establishing guidelines and effective solutions through a One Health strategy is crucial in promoting healthy interactions and sustainable practices.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yumei Wang, Liuru Fang, Yuhua Wang, Zuzhao Xiong
Summary: This review focuses on the application of Raman spectroscopy in clinical medicine. It discusses the advantages and limitations of Raman spectroscopy over traditional clinical methods, as well as its integration with machine learning, nanoparticles, and probes. The review also provides examples of recent clinical applications and explores prospective approaches and current challenges in clinical studies based on Raman spectroscopy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deisy Morselli Gysi, Italo do Valle, Marinka Zitnik, Asher Ameli, Xiao Gan, Onur Varol, Susan Dina Ghiassian, J. J. Patten, Robert A. Davey, Joseph Loscalzo, Albert-Laszlo Barabasi
Summary: The study utilized multiple algorithms to rank a large number of drugs, finding that combining the consensus of various predictive methods significantly improves the success rate of drug screening and proposes new medications for treating COVID-19. Furthermore, it was discovered that the majority of drugs successfully reducing viral infection do not bind to the target proteins of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting a network-based mechanism rather than docking strategies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wan-Chun Chang, Reo Tanoshima, Colin J. D. Ross, Bruce C. Carleton
Summary: The clinical implementation of pharmacogenetic biomarkers is growing as new genetic variants associated with drug outcomes are discovered. Incorporating pharmacogenetic information into healthcare improves drug safety and reduces empiricism in drug selection. However, barriers to the implementation of pharmacogenetic testing remain.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 61, 2021
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Seth C. Inzaule, Sofonias K. Tessema, Yenew Kebede, Ahmed E. Ogwell Ouma, John N. Nkengasong
Summary: The article highlights the importance of enhancing disease surveillance and management in Africa, discusses the opportunities and challenges of integrating pathogen genomics into public health surveillance systems, and provides recommendations such as establishing networks, training experts, and developing policies.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianwei He, Kai S. Exner
Summary: This article discusses the common challenges in modeling nanostructured catalysts for energy conversion and storage applications and introduces machine learning techniques as a potential solution to overcome these challenges.
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gabriela B. Kraychete, Larissa A. B. Botelho, Pedro Monteiro-Dias, Wydemberg J. de Araujo, Celso J. B. Oliveira, Ana Paula D. Carvalho-Assef, Rodolpho M. Albano, Renata C. Picao, Raquel R. Bonelli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the variants of qnrVC genes and their genetic context in Enterobacter and Klebsiella strains isolated from Brazilian coastal waters. The results showed that qnrVC genes were widely disseminated among Enterobacterales in these waters, and their dissemination was associated with multiple genetic recombination events.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Daiane dos Santos, Gherman de Araujo, Edson Mauro Santos, Juliana de Oliveira, Erica Lambais, George Lambais, Hideo Nagahama, Anderson Zanine, Francisco Naysson Santos, Rafael Soares, Gilberto Sobral, Evandra Justino, Mateus Lemos, Celso Jose de Oliveira
Summary: The chemical composition of cactus forage creates a favorable environment for microbial activity when exposed to air. The exposure of mixtures of cactus forage with buffel grass hay to air increases the proliferation of microorganisms with pathogenic potential in the diet. The study suggests limiting the exposure time to fewer than six hours and using a lower proportion of cactus forage in the diet to minimize the levels of pathogenic microorganisms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregory A. Ballash, Anca Baesu, Seungjun Lee, Molly C. Mills, Dixie F. Mollenkopf, S. Mazeika P. Sullivan, Jiyoung Lee, Stephen Bayen, Thomas E. Wittum
Summary: This study found that surface waters, especially those receiving wastewater flows, can disseminate antimicrobial resistant bacteria, antimicrobial resistance genes, and antibiotics. The study also discovered that fishes can be effective bioindicators of these contaminants and highlighted the varying importance of different mechanisms in the establishment of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in aquatic ecosystems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregory A. Ballash, Dixie F. Mollenkopf, Dubraska Diaz-Campos, Joany C. van Balen, Rachel E. Cianciolo, Thomas E. Wittum
Summary: Biofilm formation enhances bacteria's ability to colonize unique niches and protect themselves from environmental stressors. In this study, we investigated the associations between population structure, phenotypic resistance, resistome, virulome, and clinical findings of urinary Escherichia coli (E. coli) and their capacity to form biofilms. We found that exposure to multiple antibiotics and a history of recurrent urinary tract infections were positively associated with biofilm formation, while phenotypic antimicrobial reduced susceptibility and acquired resistance genes were negatively associated with biofilm formation. Our findings suggest that differences in virulence gene combinations contribute to the heterogeneity of biofilm formation among E. coli causing UTIs.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kebede Deribe, Hadley Matendechero Sultani, Collins Okoyo, Wyckliff P. Omondi, Isaac Ngere, Melanie J. Newport, Jorge Cano
Summary: This study used nationwide survey data in Kenya to predict the environmental suitability, population at risk, and number of cases of podoconiosis. The results showed that the burden of podoconiosis in Kenya is relatively low and mostly restricted to specific geographic areas. The findings can guide targeted prevention and treatment approaches in the local context.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Victoria Veiga Alves, Leticia Cury Rocha Veloso Arantes, Alexandre Lemosde Barros Moreira Filho, Mailson da Silva Teixeira, Eudes Fernando Alves da Silva, Mauro de Mesquita Souza Saraiva, Ricardo Barbosa de Lucena, Patricia Emilia Naves Givisiez, Celso Jose Bruno de Oliveira, Oliveiro Caetano de Freitas Neto
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of diets containing Original XPC and Sangrovit on Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) infection in broiler chicks. The results showed that the addition of SAN to the diet resulted in the lowest cecal SH counts, followed by the addition of PFC. All infected chicks showed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, but the severity was lower in chicks supplemented with SAN. In conclusion, the addition of bioproducts, especially SAN, can help control SH infection, reduce cecal colonization, and improve overall and intestinal health.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Celso Jose Bruno de Oliveira, Wondwossen Abebe Gebreyes
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gregory A. Ballash, Dimi A. Mathys, Sydnee M. Feicht, Dixie F. Mollenkopf, Amy L. Albers, Rachael J. Adams, Thomas E. Wittum
Summary: Environmental surfaces in zoological institutions can serve as reservoirs for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, posing a potential threat to animal and public health.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Angelica Soares de Mendonca Lopes, Juliana Silva de Oliveira, Gabriel Ferreira de Lima Cruz, Diego de Sousa Vieira, Francisco Naysson de Sousa Santos, Mateus Lacerda Pereira Lemos, Jessyca Karen Pinheiro, Lavinia Soares de Sousa, Celso Jose Bruno de Oliveira, Edson Mauro Santos
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) ruminal infusion on nutrient intake, ruminal parameters, nitrogen balance, and rumen bacterial composition in sheep fed buffel grass hay. The results showed that increasing NPN concentrations optimized the utilization of buffel grass nutrients by sheep.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brittany Fischer, Jessica Pempek, Kelly Ann George, Jaylene Flint, Thomas Wittum, Mark Flint
Summary: Aquatic ecosystems are facing multiple stressors from human activities, while public aquariums have both positive and negative impacts on these ecosystems. This study assessed the health of ecosystems where aquariums collect fish and the welfare of fishes in captivity. The findings suggested that fish can be collected from the wild at low-moderate rates without significant negative effects, but alternatives like aquaculture should be considered to reduce pressure on stressed aquatic environments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rael M. Too, George E. Gitao, Lilly Bebora, Dixie Mollenkopf, Samuel Kariuki, Thomas Wittum
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of beta-lactam antibiotics on the recovery of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales from untreated wastewater. The results showed that there were a large number of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in the untreated wastewater, with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter spp. being the most prevalent isolates.
Article
Microbiology
Gregory A. Ballash, Dubraska Diaz-Campos, Joany C. van Balen, Dixie F. Mollenkopf, Thomas E. Wittum
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in both dogs and humans, and antibiotic therapy is commonly used to treat UTIs. However, previous antibiotic exposure can affect the characteristics of subsequent infections. This study found that antibiotic exposure shifts the population structure of infecting bacteria and provides an advantage for non-B2 UPEC strains that carry diverse and abundant antibiotic resistance genes. These findings have important clinical implications for the judicious use of antibiotics and the understanding of the impact of antibiotic resistance on bacterial infections.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Rita de Cassia de Araujo Bido, Diego Elias Pereira, Maciel da Costa Alves, Larissa Maria Gomes Dutra, Ana Carolina dos Santos Costa, Vanessa Bordin Viera, Wydemberg Jose de Araujo, Elma Lima Leite, Celso Jose Bruno de Oliveira, Adriano Francisco Alves, Juliano Carlo Rufino Freitas, Ana Cristina Silveira Martins, Janaina Andre Cirino, Juliana Kessia Barbosa Soares
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of consuming a mix of baru almond and goat whey on memory performance and anxiety parameters related to intestinal health in aging rats. The results showed that the consumption of this mix improved memory and anxiety behavior, modulated brain fatty acid profile and fecal microbiota, indicating its potential benefits for aging individuals.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tatiana R. Vieira, Esther F. Cavinatto de Oliveira, Samuel P. Cibulski, Nubia M. V. Silva, Mauro R. Borba, Celso J. B. Oliveira, Marisa Cardoso
Summary: This study investigated the microbial composition, abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in retail chicken carcasses from different production systems. Although there were no differences in microbial diversity, certain taxa, including spoilage-associated organisms, showed significant differences across the groups. The co-resistome comprised 29 shared ARGs, and their abundance was lower in chicken carcasses from certified antimicrobial-free intensive production systems (AF) and certified organic production systems with restricted antimicrobial use (OR) compared to conventional intensive production systems (CO). Transposases were the most abundant MGEs, with a higher abundance in CO compared to OR.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rowa Hassan, Kebede Deribe, Hope Simpson, Stephen Bremner, Osama Elhadi, Mustafa Alnour, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Melanie Newport, Sahar Bakhiet
Summary: This study identified certain factors associated with mycetoma in Sudan, including age group 16-30 years, history of local trauma, being unmarried, and owning livestock. These results could improve early case detection and inform the development of a comprehensive intervention program for mycetoma control in the country.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)