Article
Microbiology
Yan Sun, Hui-Jie Zhang, Ran Chen, Hong-Bin Zhao, Wen-Hui Lee
Summary: This study revealed differences in intestinal microbes in osteoporotic rats, suggesting that intestinal microbes may play a role in the development of osteoporosis and affect lipid metabolism. Further research on the relationship between osteoporosis and intestinal microbes is needed, with the potential for intestinal microbes as a treatment for osteoporosis.
BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
M. Denise Dearing, Sara B. Weinstein
Summary: The longstanding interactions between mammals and their symbionts enable thousands of mammal species to consume herbivorous diets and degrade both plant fiber and toxins. However, research on microbial toxin degradation in wild mammals is limited due to constraints on sampling and manipulating the microbial communities.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Meng-yang Liu, Shao-jun Yun, Jin-ling Cao, Feier Cheng, Ming-chang Chang, Jun-long Meng, Jing-yu Liu, Yan-fen Cheng, Li-jing Xu, Xue-ran Geng, Cui-ping Feng
Summary: SCP fermentation by human feces improved colon physiological indices in mice and increased abundance and diversity of SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFAs level produced by intestinal microbiota.
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chen Yang, Youlan Tan, Fengzhu Li, Hongbin Wang, Ying Lin, Fuping Lu, Huabing Zhao
Summary: This study reveals the combined effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and bisphenol A on gut microbial community and metabolism. The coexistence of TiO2 NPs and BPA poses a potential health risk due to their interaction with the gut microbiota.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yanze Li, Wenming Cao, Na L. Gao, Xing-Ming Zhao, Wei-Hua Chen
Summary: This study aimed to identify human gut microbes that undergo significant and consistent changes after transplantation into germ-free mice. The results showed that only about 47% of the human gut microbes could be re-established at the species level in mice, and more than 1/3 of them underwent significant changes. Most of the microbes that underwent significant changes were consistent across multiple experimental settings, providing important information for researchers using mice in gut microbiota studies.
GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ying Liang, Dongen Ju, Wenna Liu, Dan Wu, Yujia Zhao, Yaya Du, Xi Li, Minggao Zhao
Summary: Shikonin, derived from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties in traditional Chinese medicine. This study demonstrates that intragastric administration of shikonin suppresses acute inflammation and reduces inflammatory cytokines. The inhibitory effect is closely linked to alterations in the intestinal flora, suggesting that shikonin improves gut microbiota structures and compositions to counteract inflammation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhang Mingjun, Mo Fei, Xu Zhousong, Xu Wei, Xu Jian, Yi Yuanxue, Shen Youfeng, Chen Zhongping, Long Yiqin, Zhao Xiaohong, Cheng Ying, Wang Zhenbing, Deng Zehu, Li Lanjuan
Summary: This study compared the differences in intestinal flora and CD4 T cells between HIV patients and healthy subjects using sequencing methods. The results showed that HIV patients had lower alpha diversity indices of intestinal flora and specific bacterial species compared to the healthy group. Correlation analysis also revealed the relationship between different bacterial populations and the contents of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF-alpha.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ling Zhang, Linkang Wang, Yimin Dai, Tianyu Tao, Jingqi Wang, Yunzheng Wu, Xiu Zeng, Jinhua Zhang
Summary: This study found that sows with constipation have an increased risk of endometritis, and there is a correlation between the intestinal microbiota and the reproductive tract microbiota in sows with endometritis.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Dylan M. Klure, M. Denise Dearing
Summary: This study investigated the gut microbial communities of free-ranging woodrats and found that they exhibited high individuality and underwent compositional restructuring in response to seasonal and dietary changes. The turnover of bacterial subspecies was high, while it was lower at the family level, suggesting conservation of core microbial functions. Additionally, a core gut bacterial community was identified that may aid woodrats in metabolizing plants and specialized metabolites.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara B. Weinstein, Rodolfo Martinez-Mota, Tess E. Stapleton, Dylan M. Klure, Robert Greenhalgh, Teri J. Orr, Colin Dale, Kevin D. Kohl, M. Denise Dearing
Summary: This study found that geography, diet, and host genetics account for nearly 50% of microbiome variation, with diet and microbiome diversity being correlated. Host genetic background is the most significant predictor of microbiome composition and stability, indicating the important role of genetics in shaping the microbiome structure in closely related hosts.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xuan Liu, Zhenhua Ma, Yanfei Wang, Li Li, Hao Jia, Lihuan Zhang
Summary: Probiotics, especially compound probiotics, showed positive effects on broiler growth performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal barrier, and early gut immune-related genes. The 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing analysis revealed an increase in beneficial microbes and a decrease in harmful microbes in the cecum's gut microbiota of 42-day-old broilers under probiotic treatment. Functional analysis indicated enrichment in DNA replication, transcription, and glycolysis processes in probiotic-treated broilers.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Guanjun Wang, Quanjun Lyu, Tianyu Yang, Songyang Cui, Kailin Niu, Ruohua Gu, Yan Li, Jia Li, Wenguo Xing, Linlin Li
Summary: This study found that the composition of intestinal microbiota in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) differs from that of the control population. The gut microbiota is associated with diabetes-related metabolic markers and is affected by dietary intake, suggesting that it may play an important role in linking dietary intake and the etiology of T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiaomi Ding, Jing Zhou, Li Zhao, Mingyue Chen, Shenglin Wang, Ming Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, Guohui Jiang
Summary: In response to environmental stimuli, immune memory mediates the plasticity of myeloid cells. Immune training and immune tolerance are two aspects of plasticity. Using a mouse model, it was shown that intestinal microorganisms influence the occurrence and development of epilepsy by regulating the polarization of microglia. Pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype mediate and enhance and suppress subsequent inflammation, respectively.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhuo Song, Wei Ye, Yifan Tao, Tao Zheng, Jun Qiang, Yan Li, Wenting Liu, Pao Xu
Summary: Dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial for the health of aquatic organisms in intensive aquaculture. This study investigated the effects of acute hypoxic stress on largemouth bass, finding that it led to oxidative stress, intestinal damage, and increased cell apoptosis. Transcriptome and microbiota analyses revealed the activation of antioxidant, inflammation, and apoptosis-related pathways, as well as the important role of the MAPK signaling pathway. The study also identified the specific microflora involved in the intestinal inflammatory response of largemouth bass. These findings can contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate the damage caused by hypoxic stress in aquacultured fish.
Article
Immunology
Yunbo Chen, Tao Lv, Dong Yan, Lisi Zheng, Beiwen Zheng, Jingxia Wang, Silan Gu, Lanjuan Li
Summary: This study investigated the changes in gut microbiota before and after CDI in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The gut microbial richness and diversity were significantly reduced in CDI patients, with a higher abundance of opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus and a lower abundance of beneficial symbionts. These findings suggest a potential link between intestinal flora imbalance and the development of CDI.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ornithology
Kevin D. Kohl, Antonio Brun, Enrique Caviedes-Vidal, William H. Karasov
Article
Ornithology
Mae Berlow, Kevin D. Kohl, Elizabeth P. Derryberry
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brian K. Trevelline, Jessica F. Stephenson, Kevin D. Kohl
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samantha S. Fontaine, Kevin D. Kohl
Review
Biology
Kevin D. Kohl
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biology
Samantha S. Fontaine, Kevin D. Kohl
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kirsty J. MacLeod, Kevin D. Kohl, Brian K. Trevelline, Tracy Langkilde
Summary: The gut microbiota of vertebrates can be significantly influenced by stress-related glucocorticoid hormones, with effects varying based on gestational state and stage. Experimental elevation of CORT altered microbiome characteristics, increasing diversity in late-gestation females, and impacting microbial community membership. Contextual factors, such as reproductive stages, play a crucial role in interpreting stress effects on gut microbiota in ecology.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara B. Weinstein, Rodolfo Martinez-Mota, Tess E. Stapleton, Dylan M. Klure, Robert Greenhalgh, Teri J. Orr, Colin Dale, Kevin D. Kohl, M. Denise Dearing
Summary: This study found that geography, diet, and host genetics account for nearly 50% of microbiome variation, with diet and microbiome diversity being correlated. Host genetic background is the most significant predictor of microbiome composition and stability, indicating the important role of genetics in shaping the microbiome structure in closely related hosts.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brian K. Trevelline, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: This study demonstrates that the gut microbiome can influence host diet selection behavior by mediating the availability of essential amino acids, revealing a mechanism by which gut microbiota can regulate host foraging behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Elizabeth N. Rudzki, Sara E. Kuebbing, David R. Clark, Burhan Gharaibeh, Mary J. Janecka, Rachael Kramp, Kevin D. Kohl, Talia Mastalski, Michel E. B. Ohmer, Martin M. Turcotte, Corinne L. Richards-Zawacki
Summary: Field research is crucial for career development in various academic fields. However, conducting research in field settings poses health and safety risks, with marginalized researchers facing greater risks. Failure to actively mitigate these additional risks can hinder qualified investigators from participating in field research and undermine efforts to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion in the field of science.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Elizabeth N. Rudzki, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: This study investigates the accessibility of biological field stations, revealing significant deficits in areas such as entrance accessibility, kitchens, and bathrooms. The authors propose solutions to improve infrastructure and suggest increasing federal funding opportunities to promote compliance with ADA standards and broaden diversity initiatives to make field stations more inclusive.
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biology
Samantha S. Fontaine, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: Climate change and global warming pose a significant threat to ectothermic animals worldwide. The response of ectotherms to environmental warming is significantly influenced by host-associated microbial communities. However, there are still unanswered questions about these relationships before accurate predictions can be made.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rachael D. Kramp, Kevin D. Kohl, Jessica F. Stephenson
Summary: This study examined the relationship between the skin microbiome of Trinidadian guppies and fish activity level and shoaling tendency. The results showed that the richness of the skin-associated bacterial community was correlated with behavior in females, but not in males. This suggests a sex-specific physiological interaction between the skin microbiome and host behavior.
Review
Microbiology
Ting-bei Bo, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: Natal philopatry, the behavior where animals return to their birthplaces for reproduction after sexual maturity, may be influenced not only by factors like genetic optimization and living conditions, but also by the colonization of gut microbiota during early life. The establishment of gut microbiota has significant impacts on animal development, potentially impacting energy metabolism, immune system training, and cognitive development. This overlooked factor could play a key role in the evolution of natal philopatry and the adaptation of animals to their environment.
Article
Ornithology
Julianne Newman, Maya Maurer, Jennifer Sorensen Forbey, Rolf Brittas, Orjan Johansson, Olafur K. Nielsen, Tomas Willebrand, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: This study found that grouse may utilize a yield-maximizing digestion strategy characterized by relatively long gut retention times and generally lower activities of digestive enzymes. This strategy could be related to the consumption of plants with compounds known to inhibit digestive enzymes.
JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
(2021)