Article
Cell Biology
Zihao Wei, Ying Wang, Jiakuan Peng, Honglin Li, Junjie Gu, Ning Ji, Taiwei Li, Xikun Zhou, Xin Zeng, Jing Li, Qianming Chen
Summary: In this study, circRFWD3 was found to be significantly upregulated in HNSCC tissues and cell lines, and it was associated with the aggressiveness of HNSCC cells and lymph node metastasis. Mechanistically, it acts as a miRNAs sponge for miR-27a/27b, leading to the upregulation of PPAR gamma, and then promotes HNSCC metastasis via the NF-kappa B/MMP13 pathway. The study suggests that circRFWD3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in HNSCC.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Saida Oubraim, Ruixiang Wang, Kathryn A. Hausknecht, Roh-Yu Shen, Samir Haj-Dahmane
Summary: Endocannabinoids, specifically 2-AG and AEA, are lipid signaling molecules that regulate various behavioral and physiological functions. This study demonstrates that both 2-AG and AEA play a role in tonic synaptic transmission control in the DRN, with 2-AG influencing synaptic plasticity. Additionally, the study reveals that the mechanism of tonic 2-AG signaling involves intracellular PPAR gamma, which affects the nitric oxide signaling pathway to regulate synaptic plasticity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hao Yu, Xinxing Gao, Qilai Ge, Wenjun Tai, Xue Hao, Qi Shao, Zhiyuan Fang, Meng Chen, Yuxiang Song, Wenwen Gao, Guowen Liu, Xiliang Du, Xinwei Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of TNF-a on adiponectin production in calf adipocytes and to identify the underlying mechanism. The researchers found that TNF-a reduced adiponectin production by attenuating PPAR? transcriptional activity. This suggests that locally elevated levels of TNF-a in adipose tissue may contribute to the decrease in circulating adiponectin in periparturient dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yun Ju Sung, Chengran Yang, Joanne Norton, Matt Johnson, Anne Fagan, Randall J. Bateman, Richard J. Perrin, John C. Morris, Martin R. Farlow, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Peter R. Schofield, Helena Chui, Fengxian Wang, Brenna Novotny, Abdallah Eteleeb, Celeste Karch, Suzanne E. Schindler, Herve Rhinn, Erik C. B. Johnson, Hamilton Se-Hwee Oh, Jarod Evert Rutledge, Eric B. Dammer, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Tony Wyss-Coray, Oscar Harari, Carlos Cruchaga
Summary: This study identified altered proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma samples, and replicated these findings in external datasets. Additionally, a proteomic signature that distinguished genetically defined AD from sporadic AD was identified. The study suggests that combined proteomics across multiple tissues can be used to identify markers for both sporadic and genetically defined AD.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yulin Sun, Zhengguang Guo, Xiaoyan Liu, Lijun Yang, Zongpan Jing, Meng Cai, Zhaoxu Zheng, Chen Shao, Yefan Zhang, Haidan Sun, Li Wang, Minjie Wang, Jun Li, Lusong Tian, Yue Han, Shuangmei Zou, Jiajia Gao, Yan Zhao, Peng Nan, Xiufeng Xie, Fang Liu, Lanping Zhou, Wei Sun, Xiaohang Zhao
Summary: The study finds that combining protein signatures in urine with fecal immunochemical tests improves the sensitivity for detecting colorectal cancer, and corrects diagnosis in some patients with negative test results. The protein biomarkers in urine also reflect changes in tissue.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomomi Yamazaki, Megumi Ihato
Summary: PPAR-alpha prevents fatty liver caused by excessive sucrose intake through regulating SREBP-1c target gene expression and liver TG accumulation. Gender differences may be related to the expression level of PPAR-gamma.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yuancheng Mao, Chang Yeob Han, Lihua Hao, In Hyuk Bang, Eun Ju Bae, Byung-Hyun Park
Summary: The role of PAK4 in muscle regeneration is still unclear, but studies have shown that overexpression of PAK4 inhibits myoblast fusion and muscle formation, while silencing PAK4 promotes muscle regeneration. Additionally, orally administered PAK4 inhibitor can accelerate myotube formation.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dongliang Fang, Xinyi Shi, Xiaowei Jia, Chun Yang, Lulu Wang, Baopu Du, Tao Lu, Lin Shan, Yan Gao
Summary: The research reveals that FSTL1 promotes adipogenesis through the integrin/FAK/ERK signaling pathway, with glycosylated modification at the N142 site playing a key role. Lack of FSTL1 inhibits preadipocyte differentiation and obesity development.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jingjing Li, Chuanyong Guo, Jianye Wu
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a common process in the development of liver diseases to cirrhosis. The activation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) plays a crucial role in fibrosis by regulating downstream pathways. Research on PPAR-γ ligands and other novel drugs has become a focus in recent years for potential treatment of liver fibrosis.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shan Zhang, Yanru You, Yachong Li, Hairui Yuan, Jie Zhou, Lijie Tian, Ying Liu, Baoli Wang, Endong Zhu
Summary: Foxk1 promotes adipocyte differentiation by facilitating nuclear translocation and upregulating the transcriptional activity of the Ppar gamma 2 promoter.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rasool Haddadi, Mohammad Cheraghi-poor
Summary: This study investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of naproxen and pioglitazone, and found that their combined treatment enhanced these effects. The involvement of PPAR-gamma receptor was also noted. Additionally, these drugs reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase activity.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Avishay Dolitzky, Guy Shapira, Sharon Grisaru-Tal, Inbal Hazut, Shmulik Avlas, Yaara Gordon, Micahl Itan, Noam Shomron, Ariel Munitz
Summary: Eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes involved in regulating tissue homeostasis, host defense, and cancer responses. They can respond to both Type 1 and Type 2 inflammatory stimuli based on recent RNA sequencing data, exhibiting distinct transcription profiles. These findings suggest that eosinophils exhibit heterogeneity and transcriptional differences between Type 1 and Type 2 cells, influencing their diverse activities in various disease settings.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Da Li, Long He, Chang Yuan, Yanqiu Ai, Jian-Jun Yang
Summary: The PPAR gamma agonist pioglitazone can alleviate hemorrhage-induced thalamic pain by suppressing the NF-kappa B inflammasome and activating the STAT6 signal pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jacob Mathias Bech, Thilde Terkelsen, Annette Snejbjerg Bartels, Fabian Coscia, Sophia Doll, Siqi Zhao, Zhaojun Zhang, Nils Brunner, Jan Lindebjerg, Gunvor Iben Madsen, Xiangdong Fang, Matthias Mann, Jose Manuel Afonso Moreira
Summary: By analyzing the proteomic data of resected adenoma samples, researchers found that the proteome can predict the future occurrence of advanced lesions and progression to colorectal cancer several years in advance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhiwei Yang, Yizhen Zhao, Dongxiao Hao, He Wang, Shengqing Li, Lintao Jia, Xiaohui Yuan, Lei Zhang, Lingjie Meng, Shengli Zhang
Summary: The study used a receptor-based virtual screening method to identify PPARγ agonists with anti-cancer properties, revealing the conformational plasticity of PPARγ and its susceptibility to agonist binding. The results suggest that dynamic structural coupling holds promising potential for targeted therapeutics of PPARγ.
Article
Oncology
Giuseppina Bruno, Valeria Li Bergolis, Annamaria Piscazzi, Fabiana Crispo, Valentina Condelli, Pietro Zoppoli, Francesca Maddalena, Michele Pietrafesa, Guido Giordano, Danilo Swann Matassa, Franca Esposito, Matteo Landriscina
Summary: The study reveals the role of the TRAP1 gene in the adaptive response of human colorectal cancer cells to hypoxia. TRAP1 is involved in regulating HIF-1α stabilization, glycolytic metabolism, and gene expression reprogramming. It also affects glucose uptake, lactate production, and ribosome biogenesis through the mTOR pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Donatella Malanga, Carmelo Laudanna, Teresa Mirante, Fabiana Colelli, Simona Migliozzi, Pietro Zoppoli, Gianluca Santamaria, Luca Roberto, Carmela De Marco, Marzia Scarfo, Donatella Montanaro, Orlando Paciello, Serenella Papparella, Chiara Mignogna, Alfonso Baldi, Giuseppe Viglietto
Summary: The gain-of-function mutation AKT1E17K is demonstrated to be a bona fide oncogene for mammary epithelium, capable of efficiently initiating breast cancer in mice. The AKT1E17K strain may serve as an appropriate model for human basal-like breast cancer and may aid in the identification of novel therapies specific to this type of tumor.
Review
Oncology
Rosanna Mezzapelle, Manuela Leo, Francesca Caprioglio, Liam S. Colley, Andrea Lamarca, Lina Sabatino, Vittorio Colantuoni, Massimo P. Crippa, Marco E. Bianchi
Summary: Chemokines CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 play essential roles in cell migration, antigen recognition, and tumor immune response, which may provide new strategies for improving immunotherapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Leo, Livio Muccillo, Laura Dugo, Roberta Bernini, Luca Santi, Lina Sabatino
Summary: Olive oil production generates waste products rich in water-soluble polyphenols, which can pose environmental problems. However, these waste products can be exploited for their bioactive properties. This study chemically characterized the polyphenolic extracts from the waste products and investigated their biological activities in normal and colorectal cancer cells. The extracts showed anti-inflammatory effects and can potentially ameliorate inflammation associated with diseases and tumors.
Article
Biology
Giuseppina Divisato, Andrea M. Chiariello, Andrea Esposito, Pietro Zoppoli, Federico Zambelli, Maria Antonietta Elia, Graziano Pesole, Danny Incarnato, Fabiana Passaro, Silvia Piscitelli, Salvatore Oliviero, Mario Nicodemi, Silvia Parisi, Tommaso Russo
Summary: The study indicates that Hmga2 interacts with chromatin and nuclear lamina, affecting the establishment of inter-TAD interactions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ester Pagano, Barbara Romano, Donatella Cicia, Fabio A. Iannotti, Tommaso Venneri, Giuseppe Lucariello, Maria Francesca Nani, Fabio Cattaneo, Paola De Cicco, Maria D'Armiento, Marcello De Luca, Ruggiero Lionetti, Stefania Lama, Paola Stiuso, Pietro Zoppoli, Geppino Falco, Silvia Marchiano, Stefano Fiorucci, Raffaele Capasso, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Francesca Borrelli, Angelo A. Izzo
Summary: TRPM8 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and its high expression is associated with lower survival rate of patients and hyperactivation of related signaling pathways. TRPM8 may serve as a prognostic marker and potential drug target for colorectal cancer.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Leo, Lina Sabatino
Summary: Biological therapy revolutionizes tumor treatment by exclusively targeting cancer cells and reducing adverse effects on normal tissues. This review focuses on therapies targeting CXCR4 and CD47 receptors, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. It also suggests that a combination of different therapeutic approaches has more beneficial effects on patients' survival.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sabino Russi, Luigi Marano, Simona Laurino, Giovanni Calice, Dario Scala, Graziella Marino, Alessandro Sgambato, Pellegrino Mazzone, Ludovico Carbone, Giuliana Napolitano, Franco Roviello, Geppino Falco, Pietro Zoppoli
Summary: Molecular heterogeneity is a major determinant of clinical outcomes in advanced gastric cancer. This study explored the transcriptome of two major subgroups of gastric cancer and identified different biological and molecular pathways associated with each group. The findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and disease progression, and may aid in the identification of new therapeutic targets.
Article
Oncology
Anna M. Di Giacomo, Maximilian J. Mair, Michele Ceccarelli, Andrea Anichini, Ramy Ibrahim, Michael Weller, Michael Lahn, Alexander M. M. Eggermont, Bernard Fox, Michele Maio
Summary: The conditions that promote immunotherapy responses in primary or secondary brain malignancies were discussed during the V Siena Immuno-Oncology (IO) Think Tank meeting in 2021. Important publications in 2021 and 2022 have reinforced the core elements of these discussions. While current immunotherapies have failed to benefit patients with primary brain tumors like glioblastoma, they have shown positive responses in brain metastases. The differences between these conditions seem to be influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as driver mutations, the blood-brain barrier, and the immune suppressive microenvironment. Future therapeutic interventions may focus on rebalancing the immune cell population to enable better responses to current and future immunotherapies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ines Simeone, Michele Ceccarelli
Summary: We developed a novel data-driven approach to identify shared oncogenic expression signatures among tumors and used it to classify patients and predict prognosis. We also discovered a mitochondrial sub-group of Luminal breast cancer patients with specific biological features and genetic regulation. These findings provide genomics evidence for personalized breast cancer patient treatments.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
R. Tyler McLaughlin, Maansi Asthana, Marc Di Meo, Michele Ceccarelli, Howard J. Jacob, David L. Masica
Summary: Accurately identifying somatic mutations is crucial for precision oncology and calculating tumor-mutational burden (TMB), which predicts response to immunotherapy. This study applies machine learning models to classify somatic vs germline mutations in tumor-only solid tumor samples, achieving state-of-the-art performance. The addition of a machine-learning classifier improves the concordance of TMB estimates and eliminates racial bias in tumor-only variant calling.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonio De Falco, Francesca Caruso, Xiao-Dong Su, Antonio Iavarone, Michele Ceccarelli
Summary: The authors develop SCEVAN, a variational algorithm for copy number-based clonal structure inference in single-cell RNA-seq data, which can characterize the evolution and heterogeneity in tumors and the microenvironment. SCEVAN can automatically and accurately discriminate between malignant and non-malignant cells, resulting in a practical framework to analyze tumors and their microenvironment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Andrea Remo, Federica Grillo, Luca Mastracci, Michele Simbolo, Matteo Fassan, Maria Paola Cecchini, Giuseppe Miscio, Antonio Sassano, Paola Parente, Alessandro Vanoli, Giovanna Sabella, Guido Giordano, Emanuele Damiano Urso, Luigi Cerulo, Aldo Scarpa, Francesco Fiorica, Massimo Pancione
Summary: A recent study explores the genetic and immunophenotypic characteristics of rhabdoid colorectal tumors (RCTs). The findings reveal that RCTs exhibit mismatch repair-deficient phenotypes, CK7-/CK20-/CDX2- marker phenotype, and aberrant activation of the MAPK pathway, particularly with BRAF V600E mutations. While SMARCB1/INI1 expression is normal, the ciliogenic markers CROCC and β-tubulin are globally altered in RCTs. Overall, these results indicate that primary ciliogenesis and MAPK pathway activation contribute to the aggressiveness of RCTs, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Luigi Ferraro, Giovanni Scala, Luigi Cerulo, Emanuele Carosati, Michele Ceccarelli
Summary: This study developed an artificial neural network model for predicting drug sensitivity, enhancing interpretability. The model utilized multiomics data from different tumor tissue sources and molecular descriptors encapsulating drug properties. Results showed favorable outcomes in predicting drug synergy, outperforming state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms in publicly available drug screening datasets.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ilaria Laurenzana, Luciana De Luca, Pietro Zoppoli, Giovanni Calice, Alessandro Sgambato, Angelo Michele Carella, Antonella Caivano, Stefania Trino
Summary: The methylation profile of HSPCs following AHSCT was analyzed and found to undergo changes that may be useful in transplant diagnostics. The methylation signature was also found to be related to patient outcome. This study suggests that the methylation profile of HSPCs can provide prognostic information for engraftment success and graft failure prediction in AHSCT.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
