Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jerome Kervevan, Lisa A. Chakrabarti
Summary: CD4+ T cells play a crucial role in adaptive immune responses by recruiting and providing help to other immune effectors, as well as exerting direct effector functions. High-affinity T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes are important in mediating antiviral CD4+ T cell responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Miwa Sasai, Ji Su Ma, Masaaki Okamoto, Kohei Nishino, Hikaru Nagaoka, Eizo Takashima, Ariel Pradipta, Youngae Lee, Hidetaka Kosako, Pann-Ghill Suh, Masahiro Yamamoto
Summary: The TCR signaling in CD8(+) T cells is qualitatively different from that in CD4(+) T cells due to the involvement of PLC beta 4. PLC beta 4 plays a crucial role in activating CD8(+) T cells and promoting adaptive immunity, while deficiency of PLC beta 4 leads to impaired immune responses in CD8(+) T cells.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Wanxiaojie Xie, Byungchul Lee, Kimberley Bruce, Clara Lawler, Helen E. Farrell, Philip G. Stevenson
Summary: Cytomegalovirus infections commonly cause problems in immunocompromised patients and in pregnancy. We lack effective vaccines. CD4(+) T cells play an important role in normal infection control, yet how they act has been unknown. Using murine cytomegalovirus as an accessible model, we show that CD4(+) T cells are unlikely to recognize infected cells directly. We propose that CD4(+) T cells interact with uninfected cells that present viral antigens and recruit other immune cells to attack infected targets. These data present a new outlook on understanding how CD4(+) T cell-directed control protects against persistent cytomegalovirus infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shi Zou, Yuting Tan, Yanni Xiang, Yang Liu, Qi Zhu, Songjie Wu, Wei Guo, Mingqi Luo, Ling Shen, Ke Liang
Summary: This study found a significant increase in CD4 and CD8 double-positive (DP) T cells in patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Additionally, these DP T cells also expressed more cytotoxic markers. This suggests that DP T cells may play an important immune role in HIV/TB infection.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiung Jeong, Heung Kyu Lee
Summary: Asthma presents with two phenotypes: eosinophilic and neutrophilic, each with different prognosis and drug responsiveness. CD4(+) T cells are crucial for determining asthma phenotype. Commensal bacteria play a key role in asthma pathogenesis, with beneficial bacteria suppressing asthma and harmful bacteria exacerbating it.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mathangi Janakiraman, Shin-Young Na, Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy
Summary: A novel CD4 mutant allele was identified in this study, causing impaired development of CD4(+) helper T cells. The CRISPR mediated correction restored the normal expression of CD4, validating the significance of this mouse model for the study of CD4(+) T cells.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Amy S. Weinmann
Summary: Signaling via T cell antigen receptors is reduced in aging. Surprisingly, CD4(+) T cells from older adults exhibit a preference for differentiating into effector-like cells rather than memory cells. This decision is influenced by an altered balance between HELIOS, IL-2R alpha, and STAT5 activities.
Article
Ophthalmology
Weijie Ouyang, Yang Wu, Xiang Lin, Shoubi Wang, Yiran Yang, Liying Tang, Zhaolin Liu, Jieli Wu, Caihong Huang, Yueping Zhou, Xiaobo Zhang, Jiaoyue Hu, Zuguo Liu
Summary: Topical application of BAC in C57BL/6 mice induced an increase in CD4(+)CD69(+), CD4(+)IFN-gamma(+), and CD4(+)IL-17(+) cells, leading to corneal barrier dysfunction, goblet cell loss, and decreased tear production. Adoptive transfer of CD4(+) T cells from BAC-treated mice into nude mice resulted in ocular surface manifestations similar to direct topical BAC treatment, suggesting a role of CD4(+) T cells in BAC-induced ocular surface disorder.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifei Wang, Jingbin Zheng, Md Sahidul Islam, Yang Yang, Yuanjia Hu, Xin Chen
Summary: Tregs play a crucial role in COVID-19, influencing disease severity and immunopathology mechanisms. They may help regulate immune responses in the early stages and alleviate organ damage in the later stages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Laura Bauer, Lisa Jasmin Mueller, Sarah M. Volkers, Frederik Heinrich, Mir-Farzin Mashreghi, Clemens Ruppert, Leif E. Sander, Andreas Hutloff
Summary: Pulmonary sarcoidosis is driven not only by T-helper type 1 cells and macrophages, but also by T follicular helper-like cells and germinal center-like reactions in the inflamed lung tissue. This new pathomechanism of active T-cell/B-cell cooperation and local production of potentially pathogenic antibodies should be taken into consideration for diagnosis and treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Samuel A. A. Osanyinlusi, Jasmin Zischke, Roland Jacobs, Eva M. M. Weissinger, Thomas F. F. Schulz, Penelope C. C. Kay-Fedorov
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibits T cell antiviral functions by interacting with CD45 on T cells via its pUL11 glycoprotein, leading to enhanced viral spread. This discovery provides insights into HCMV's immunomodulatory strategy and a new T cell regulatory mechanism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theodoros Eleftheriadis, Georgios Pissas, Marta Crespo, Evdokia Nikolaou, Vassilios Liakopoulos, Ioannis Stefanidis
Summary: Research suggests that human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells may play a significant role in direct allorecognition in kidney transplants, particularly under conditions of anoxia-reoxygenation. These cells can activate CD4+ T cells and are associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury of the graft, increasing the risk of acute rejection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Claire E. Depew, Stephen J. McSorley
Summary: Salmonella infections cause a wide range of intestinal and systemic diseases globally, and current vaccines have limitations in mitigating their impact in endemic areas. Recent studies using Salmonella mouse models have found that CD4 T cells and antibodies play important roles in developing protective immunity against Salmonella infection. The presence of memory lymphocytes in hepatic tissue has been identified as critical for naturally acquired immunity to systemic infection.
Article
Immunology
Qiao Liu, Lisha Wang, Huayu Lin, Zhiming Wang, Jialin Wu, Junyi Guo, Shuqiong Wen, Ling Ran, Zhengliang Yue, Xingxing Su, Qing Wu, Jianfang Tang, Zhirong Li, Li Hu, Lifan Xu, Lilin Ye, Qizhao Huang
Summary: Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells are the main focus of anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy research, but transferred tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells have limited effect on suppressing tumor growth. On the other hand, CD4(+) T cells play an important role in curtailing tumor metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rui Xu, Ming Wu, Shuna Liu, Wenwen Shang, Rong Li, Juan Xu, Lei Huang, Fang Wang
Summary: Immunotherapy is expected to be a promising treatment for ovarian cancer due to its immunogenicity. However, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment poses challenges. Studies have shown that the metabolism pathways of Tregs in the cancer environment may contribute to immunosuppression, and TLR8 can reverse the inhibitory function of Tregs. Activation of TLR8 signaling results in decreased glucose metabolism in Tregs and promotes proliferation of naive T cells in the ovarian cancer microenvironment.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)