Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ying Zhang, Ming Zhou, Yaqin Zhou, Xiao Guan
Summary: In recent years, research on gut microbiota as an immune organ has gained significant attention. This review discusses the composition and metabolites of gut microbiota and their impact on chronic diseases, including obesity, liver injury, colon cancer, atherosclerosis, and central nervous system diseases. The review also highlights the influence of different diet components on gut microbiota and their role in regulating related diseases.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Rebecca K. Kelly, Cody Z. Watling, Tammy Y. N. Tong, Carmen Piernas, Jennifer L. Carter, Keren Papier, Timothy J. Key, Aurora Perez-Cornago
Summary: The study found that free sugar intake was positively associated with triglycerides, while nonfree sugar intake was inversely associated with triglycerides. Saturated fatty acid intake was positively associated with LDL-C, while omega-3 fatty acid intake was inversely associated with triglycerides. Substituting saturated fatty acid intake with polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with lower total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Shuai Jiang, Hui Liu, Chunbao Li
Summary: Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, leading to molecular damage and disruption of redox signaling. A healthy diet can regulate oxidative stress, maintain cellular and tissue homeostasis, and prevent inflammation and chronic metabolic diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabiano Cimmino, Angela Catapano, Giovanna Trinchese, Gina Cavaliere, Rosanna Culurciello, Chiara Fogliano, Eduardo Penna, Valeria Lucci, Marianna Crispino, Bice Avallone, Elio Pizzo, Maria Pina Mollica
Summary: Obesity and metabolic disturbances are increasing globally due to unhealthy diets and lack of physical activity, leading to non-communicable diseases. Nutritional components can modulate metabolic homeostasis, with DMG-gold showing promise in preventing or delaying NCD onset.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samar El Sherbiny, Giulia Squillacioti, Nicoletta Colombi, Federica Ghelli, Elena Lenta, Cloe Dalla Costa, Roberto Bono
Summary: During pregnancy, physiological increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) may lead to oxidative stress (OS), which can contribute to complications in pregnancy and newborns. Diet is a cost-effective prevention strategy for reducing OS, but there is a lack of nutritional education during pregnancy. This review aims to summarize the association between OS and diet during pregnancy.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sean R. Millar, Pilar Navarro, Janas M. Harrington, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Ivan J. Perry, Catherine M. Phillips
Summary: This study found that higher diet quality was associated with lower concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers, and the DASH score was more closely related to inflammatory biomarkers related to health in middle-aged and older adults than the MD, DII, and E-DII scores.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosaria Notariale, Rosmara Infantino, Enza Palazzo, Caterina Manna
Summary: Heavy metals, including mercury (Hg), are toxic environmental pollutants associated with neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Erythrocytes have been suggested as a potential model to study Hg-related toxicity on the cardiovascular system, with phosphatidylserine exposure proposed as an underlying mechanism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gabriela Vieyra, Susan E. Hankinson, Youssef Oulhote, Laura Vandenberg, Lesley Tinker, JoAnn Mason, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Robert Wallace, Chrisa Arcan, J. C. Chen, Katherine W. Reeves
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between dietary patterns and urinary phthalate biomarkers. It found that postmenopausal women with higher alignment to DASH and aMed dietary patterns had lower concentrations of certain phthalate biomarkers in their urine, while an inflammatory diet pattern was associated with higher phthalate biomarker concentrations.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaodi Ma, Hewei Ming, Lexin Liu, Jiahui Zhu, Lang Pan, Yu Chen, Yang Xiang
Summary: The lungs, as the organ executing gas exchange and facing the external environment, are continuously challenged by various stimuli, leading to the disequilibration of redox homeostasis and the development of pulmonary diseases. The appearance of the oxidative base 8-oxoG, which is considered a marker of DNA oxidative damage, can lead to base mismatch and tumorigenesis. The repair of 8-oxoG is initiated by the enzyme OGG1, which recognizes and excises it from the DNA double strand. Besides its role in DNA damage repair, OGG1 also participates in gene expression regulation and impacts inflammation. OGG1 is believed to be a potential therapeutic target for related diseases.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
D. Logan, S. M. Wallace, J. V. Woodside, G. McKenna
Summary: The study explores the potential of nutritional salivary biomarkers in aiding nutritional status assessment, with promising results in biomarkers such as glucose, vitamin D, calcium, TAC, nitrate/nitrite, and fluoride. However, further research on these biomarkers is needed due to limited studies and varied quality.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hao Li, Li Yuan, Zhulin Wang, Lin Shi, Rui Dong, Xinzhong Hu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of whole grain diet on benzo[a]pyrene-induced toxicity in mice. The addition of whole grain buckwheat or oat diet improved appetite, stabilized serum levels and liver tissue balance, reduced DNA damage and enzyme expression, inhibited inflammation, and promoted the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids. The study provides a strong theoretical support for new toxicity control dietary methods in the future.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashley Beam, Elizabeth Clinger, Lei Hao
Summary: This review explores the impact of different diets on the gut microbiota composition, finding that specific dietary components in plant-based and Mediterranean diets can influence microbial composition and bacterial metabolites, which in turn affect systemic inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia. These associations between diet/dietary components and altering bacterial composition may provide potential therapeutic targets for type II diabetes, obesity, and inflammatory diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adam Zarnowski, Mateusz Jankowski, Mariusz Gujski
Summary: This study assessed the level of knowledge on diet-related diseases and dietary risk factors among adults in Poland and found that higher education and the presence of chronic diseases were associated with a higher level of awareness of diet-related diseases and dietary risk factors.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Josephine Skat-Rordam, David Hojland Ipsen, Patrick Duncan Hardam, Markus Latta, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Pernille Tveden-Nyborg
Summary: The study investigated the effects of high fat, cholesterol, and carbohydrate sources on NASH development and metabolic outcomes in guinea pigs. Results showed that caloric compensation in HF animals supplied with sugar water led to a milder NASH phenotype. The HF group displayed advanced NASH, weight gain and glucose intolerance compared to LF-LSt animals, with an undesirable effect of starch in the control diet.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qinrui Fu, Leilei Yu, Yin Wang, Peifeng Li, Jibin Song
Summary: Chronic diseases claim millions of lives every year, and it is important to develop advanced drugs for better treatment. Nanotheranostics, which integrate diagnosis and treatment into a single nanosystem, have shown great potential. However, their applications in nanomedicine are still in the early stages.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claudia Vetrani, Ilaria Calabrese, Luisa Cavagnuolo, Daniela Pacella, Elsa Napolano, Silvia Di Rienzo, Gabriele Riccardi, Angela A. Rivellese, Giovanni Annuzzi, Lutgarda Bozzetto
Summary: This study found that nutritional factors other than the amount of carbohydrate significantly influence postprandial blood glucose control, with varying effects at breakfast, lunch, and dinner, challenging the effectiveness of HCLSs.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luigi Barrea, William B. Grant, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Claudia Vetrani, Ludovica Verde, Giulia de Alteriis, Annamaria Docimo, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts focused on containing the virus, but now it is important to address the overall health of COVID-19 survivors. Post-COVID-19 syndrome has been identified, which includes malnutrition, inflammation, and functional impairments. Nutritional assessment and personalized dietary recommendations play a crucial role in the management and recovery of these patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giuseppe Della Pepa, Valentina Brancato, Giuseppina Costabile, Dominic Salamone, Alessandra Corrado, Marilena Vitale, Carlo Cavaliere, Marcello Mancini, Marco Salvatore, Delia Luongo, Gabriele Riccardi, Angela A. Rivellese, Giovanni Annuzzi, Lutgarda Bozzetto
Summary: An isocaloric multifactorial diet including beneficial dietary components can significantly reduce pancreatic fat and improve postprandial insulin response in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marie S. A. Palmnas-Bedard, Giuseppina Costabile, Claudia Vetrani, Sebastian Aberg, Yommine Hjalmarsson, Johan Dicksved, Gabriele Riccardi, Rikard Landberg
Summary: This article reviews the relationship between human gut microbiota and glucose metabolism, suggesting that certain bacteria can influence glucose regulation and potentially contribute to the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
L. Bozzetto, D. Pacella, L. Cavagnuolo, M. Capuano, A. Corrado, G. Scida, G. Costabile, A. A. Rivellese, G. Annuzzi
Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the variability of post-prandial glucose response (PGR) in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) within individuals and between subjects. The study found that individual traits significantly influence PGR in addition to meal characteristics.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppina Costabile, Claudia Vetrani, Ilaria Calabrese, Marilena Vitale, Paola Cipriano, Dominic Salamone, Roberta Testa, Lorella Paparo, Roberto Russo, Angela A. Rivellese, Rosalba Giacco, Gabriele Riccardi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of consuming amylose-rich bread at breakfast on glucose and insulin responses to a standard lunch in overweight adults, and investigate the role of changes in plasma short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations. The results showed that postprandial plasma glucose responses were significantly lower after breakfasts with amylose-rich breads, and there was a decrease in insulin responses after the subsequent lunch.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marilena Vitale, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Giuseppina Costabile, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Paola Cipriano, Stefano Signorini, Valerio Leoni, Gabriele Riccardi, Olga Vaccaro, Maria Masulli
Summary: This study investigated the association between NASH, dietary component intake, food groups and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients with T2D. The findings revealed that the NO-NASH dietary pattern, which closely resembled the Mediterranean diet, was characterized by higher consumption of polyphenols, vitamins, and fiber.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. Vetrani, L. Barrea, L. Verde, A. Docimo, S. Aprano, S. Savastano, A. Colao, G. Muscogiuri
Summary: This study found that individuals with evening chronotype (EC) and obesity had higher BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference compared to individuals with morning chronotype (MC) and obesity. EC individuals also had lower insulin sensitivity and 25-OH-D levels. Moreover, EC individuals had a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and impaired fasting glucose. 25-OH-D was positively correlated with chronotype score and negatively correlated with BMI. These findings suggest that 25-OH-D and chronotype are independently associated with obesity.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dominic Salamone, Giovanni Annuzzi, Bengt Vessby, Angela A. Rivellese, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Giuseppina Costabile, Kjeld Hermansen, Matti Uusitupa, Barbara J. Meyer, Gabriele Riccardi, KANWU Study Group
Summary: This study found that the composition of fatty acids in serum cholesterol esters can be used as an objective indicator of adherence to experimental diets, including changes in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, as well as fish oil supplementation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annamaria Docimo, Ludovica Verde, Luigi Barrea, Claudia Vetrani, Pasqualina Memoli, Giacomo Accardo, Caterina Colella, Gabriella Nosso, Marcello Orio, Andrea Renzullo, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: This study investigated the association between chronotype and glycemic control, antidiabetic treatment, and risk of developing complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that evening chronotype individuals had higher levels of glycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose, as well as a higher prevalence of cardiovascular complications. Additionally, their glycemic control was poorer. Therefore, controlling chronotype may be important for patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Vetrani, Ludovica Verde, Annamaria Colao, Luigi Barrea, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: High adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, particularly the consumption of fish, is associated with decreased insulin resistance in individuals with overweight/obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela Laudisio, Giulia de Alteriis, Claudia Vetrani, Sara Aprano, Gabriella Pugliese, Francesca Zumbolo, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano
Summary: Low-grade chronic inflammation linked to obesity can lead to alterations in biomarkers of iron status. This study investigated the primary determinant of serum iron levels among anthropometric measurements, body fat, and serum biomarkers of low-grade chronic inflammation. Results showed that waist circumference was the major negative predictor of serum iron level.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Viktor Skantze, Therese Hjorth, Mikael Wallman, Carl Brunius, Johan Dicksved, Erik A. Pelve, Anders Esberg, Marilena Vitale, Rosalba Giacco, Giuseppina Costabile, Robert E. Bergia, Mats Jirstrand, Wayne W. Campbell, Gabriele Riccardi, Rikard Landberg
Summary: This study utilized a simple mathematical model to identify two distinct plasma glucose response clusters, which were associated with baseline gut microbiota. The findings suggest that a simple mechanistic model can effectively distinguish non-diabetic individuals at varying risk levels for T2DM.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Muscogiuri, L. Verde, C. Vetrani, L. Barrea, S. Savastano, A. Colao
Summary: There are gender differences in obesity prevalence and phenotype, body fat distribution, drug efficacy, clinical trial representation, and different secondary effects of bariatric surgery. Gender is an important variable in obesity analysis.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, William B. Grant, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Gerardo Sarno, Claudia Vetrani, Florencia Ceriani, Eloisa Garcia-Velasquez, Jose Contreras-Briceno, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: COVID-19 survivors are experiencing long COVID-19 with various health problems. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to study the supplementation of vitamin D in COVID-19 patients.
