Bio(chemo)technological strategies for biomass conversion into bioethanol and key carboxylic acids
出版年份 2014 全文链接
标题
Bio(chemo)technological strategies for biomass conversion into bioethanol and key carboxylic acids
作者
关键词
-
出版物
GREEN CHEMISTRY
Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages 2386
出版商
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
发表日期
2014-01-17
DOI
10.1039/c3gc41885e
参考文献
相关参考文献
注意：仅列出部分参考文献，下载原文获取全部文献信息。- Valorization of industrial waste and by-product streams via fermentation for the production of chemicals and biopolymers
- (2014) Apostolis A. Koutinas et al. CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
- Bioethanol production by heterologous expression of Pdc and AdhII in Streptomyces lividans
- (2013) Jae Sun Lee et al. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Versatile Platform Chemical Made from Renewable Resources
- (2013) Robert-Jan van Putten et al. CHEMICAL REVIEWS
- Fractionation of Organosolv Lignin from Olive Tree Clippings and its Valorization to Simple Phenolic Compounds
- (2013) Ana Toledano et al. ChemSusChem
- Chemocatalytic Conversion of Ethanol into Butadiene and Other Bulk Chemicals
- (2013) Carlo Angelici et al. ChemSusChem
- Lactic acid as a platform chemical in the biobased economy: the role of chemocatalysis
- (2013) Michiel Dusselier et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- The Kinetics of Ethanol Production from Cane Molasses bySaccharomyces cerevisiaein a Batch Bioreactor
- (2013) F. Ghorbani et al. Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects
- Bridging racemic lactate esters with stereoselective polylactic acid using commercial lipase catalysis
- (2013) Pieter Van Wouwe et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Synthesis and utilisation of sugar compounds derived from lignocellulosic biomass
- (2013) Hirokazu Kobayashi et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Efficient Isomerization of Glucose to Fructose over Zeolites in Consecutive Reactions in Alcohol and Aqueous Media
- (2013) Shunmugavel Saravanamurugan et al. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
- Direct Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Depolymerization of Cellulose
- (2013) Jiajun Fan et al. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
- Advances on waste valorization: new horizons for a more sustainable society
- (2013) Rick Arneil D. Arancon et al. Energy Science & Engineering
- Microwave Effects in Organic Synthesis: Myth or Reality?
- (2012) C. Oliver Kappe et al. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
- Advances and Developments in Strategies to Improve Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Processes to Obtain the Lignocellulosic Ethanol−A Review
- (2012) C. Laluce et al. APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Microwave-assisted depolymerisation of organosolv lignin via mild hydrogen-free hydrogenolysis: Catalyst screening
- (2012) Ana Toledano et al. APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
- Metabolic engineering of Rhizopus oryzae for the production of platform chemicals
- (2012) Bas J. Meussen et al. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Stable expression of barley α-amylase in S. cerevisiae for conversion of starch into bioethanol
- (2012) B. Liao et al. BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
- Genetic Engineering of Inhibitor-Tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Improved Xylose Utilization in Ethanol Production
- (2012) Menggen Ma et al. BioEnergy Research
- Conversion of biomass to sugars via ionic liquid hydrolysis: process synthesis and economic evaluation
- (2012) S. Murat Sen et al. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr
- Review of pretreatment processes for lignocellulosic ethanol production, and development of an innovative method
- (2012) David Chiaramonti et al. BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
- A novel process for recovery and refining of l-lactic acid from fermentation broth
- (2012) Lijun Chen et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Improvement of biomass properties by pretreatment with ionic liquids for bioconversion process
- (2012) Piyarat Weerachanchai et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Bio-based production of C2-C6 platform chemicals
- (2012) Yu-Sin Jang et al. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
- Improvement of d-lactate productivity in recombinant Escherichia coli by coupling production with growth
- (2012) Li Zhou et al. BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS
- Catalytic study of the conversion of ethanol into 1,3-butadiene
- (2012) E.V. Makshina et al. CATALYSIS TODAY
- Heterogeneously Catalysed Mild Hydrogenolytic Depolymerisation of Lignin Under Microwave Irradiation with Hydrogen-Donating Solvents
- (2012) Ana Toledano et al. ChemCatChem
- Determining relative rates of cellulose dissolution in ionic liquids through in situ viscosity measurement
- (2012) Hugo Cruz et al. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
- Thiol-promoted catalytic synthesis of diphenolic acid with sulfonated hyperbranched poly(arylene oxindole)s
- (2012) Stijn Van de Vyver et al. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
- Ionic liquid processing of cellulose
- (2012) Hui Wang et al. CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
- Conversion of Hemicellulose to Furfural and Levulinic Acid using Biphasic Reactors with Alkylphenol Solvents
- (2012) Elif I. Gürbüz et al. ChemSusChem
- Production of levulinic acid from cellulose by hydrothermal decomposition combined with aqueous phase dehydration with a solid acid catalyst
- (2012) Ronen Weingarten et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- Experimental and theoretical studies of the acid-catalyzed conversion of furfuryl alcohol to levulinic acid in aqueous solution
- (2012) Gretchen M. González Maldonado et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- Lactic acid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is modulated by expression of the monocarboxylate transporters Jen1 and Ady2
- (2012) António Pacheco et al. FEMS YEAST RESEARCH
- Catalytic conversion of biomass using solvents derived from lignin
- (2012) Pooya Azadi et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Combination of ball-milling and non-thermal atmospheric plasma as physical treatments for the saccharification of microcrystalline cellulose
- (2012) Maud Benoit et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Hydrolysis of chitosan to yield levulinic acid and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in water under microwave irradiation
- (2012) Khaled W. Omari et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Different ionic liquids favor different lignocellulosic biomass particle sizes during pretreatment to function efficiently
- (2012) Erinc Bahcegul et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Low temperature pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse at atmospheric pressure using mixtures of ethylene carbonate and ethylene glycol
- (2012) Zhanying Zhang et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Valorisation of bakery waste for succinic acid production
- (2012) Andrew Yan-zhu Zhang et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids
- (2012) Agnieszka Brandt et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Two-Stage Acid-Catalyzed Conversion of Carbohydrates into Levulinic Acid
- (2012) Troy Runge et al. INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
- pH Control of Ionic Liquids with Carbon Dioxide and Water: 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate
- (2012) Courtney A. Ober et al. INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
- Bioconversion of Sugarcane Biomass into Ethanol: An Overview about Composition, Pretreatment Methods, Detoxification of Hydrolysates, Enzymatic Saccharification, and Ethanol Fermentation
- (2012) Larissa Canilha et al. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- The structural and biochemical basis for cellulose biodegradation
- (2012) Mingyu Wang et al. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Fast and Selective Sugar Conversion to Alkyl Lactate and Lactic Acid with Bifunctional Carbon–Silica Catalysts
- (2012) Filip de Clippel et al. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
- Valorization of Biomass: Deriving More Value from Waste
- (2012) C. O. Tuck et al. SCIENCE
- Mechanistic Insights into the Kinetic and Regiochemical Control of the Thiol-Promoted Catalytic Synthesis of Diphenolic Acid
- (2012) Stijn Van de Vyver et al. ACS Catalysis
- Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates into fuels and chemicals via furanic aldehydes
- (2012) Lei Hu et al. RSC Advances
- Depolymerization of Cellulose Assisted by a Nonthermal Atmospheric Plasma
- (2011) Maud Benoit et al. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
- Conversion of triose sugars with alcohols to alkyl lactates catalyzed by Brønsted acid tin ion-exchanged montmorillonite
- (2011) Jiacheng Wang et al. APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
- Opportunity costs for bioelectricity sales in Brazilian sucro-energetic industries
- (2011) Edson F. Grisi et al. APPLIED ENERGY
- Scientific challenges of bioethanol production in Brazil
- (2011) Henrique V. Amorim et al. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Wheat-based biorefining strategy for fermentative production and chemical transformations of succinic acid
- (2011) Carol S. K. Lin et al. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr
- The conversion of lignocellulosics to levulinic acid
- (2011) Darryn W Rackemann et al. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr
- Transition of Cellulose Crystalline Structure and Surface Morphology of Biomass as a Function of Ionic Liquid Pretreatment and Its Relation to Enzymatic Hydrolysis
- (2011) Gang Cheng et al. BIOMACROMOLECULES
- Efficient conversion of sugarcane stalks into ethanol employing low temperature alkali pretreatment method
- (2011) Long Wu et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Second generation ethanol in Brazil: Can it compete with electricity production?
- (2011) Marina O.S. Dias et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid through propionaldehyde dehydrogenase PduP mediated biosynthetic pathway in Klebsiella pneumoniae
- (2011) Lian Hua Luo et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Efficient production of d-(−)-lactic acid from broken rice by Lactobacillus delbrueckii using Ca(OH)2 as a neutralizing agent
- (2011) Shinta Nakano et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Biotechnological routes based on lactic acid production from biomass
- (2011) Chao Gao et al. BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
- Extraction of lignins from aqueous-ionic liquid mixtures by organic solvents
- (2011) Qin Xin et al. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
- Enhanced stability and activity of cellulase in an ionic liquid and the effect of pretreatment on cellulose hydrolysis
- (2011) Sayantan Bose et al. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
- Hydrolysis of concentrated raw starch: A new very efficient α-amylase from Anoxybacillus flavothermus
- (2011) Georges Tawil et al. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
- Conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates to methyl lactate using solid base catalysts
- (2011) Zhen Liu et al. CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS
- Fast and facile dissolution of cellulose with tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide containing 40 wt% water
- (2011) Mitsuru Abe et al. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
- Synthesis of Sugars by Hydrolysis of Hemicelluloses- A Review
- (2011) Päivi Mäki-Arvela et al. CHEMICAL REVIEWS
- Transformations of biomass-derived platform molecules: from high added-value chemicals to fuels via aqueous-phase processing
- (2011) Juan Carlos Serrano-Ruiz et al. CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
- Conversion of biomass to selected chemical products
- (2011) Pierre Gallezot CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
- Efficient Conversion of Furfuryl Alcohol into Alkyl Levulinates Catalyzed by an Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Solid Acid Catalyst
- (2011) Zehui Zhang et al. ChemSusChem
- Furfural-A Promising Platform for Lignocellulosic Biofuels
- (2011) Jean-Paul Lange et al. ChemSusChem
- Environmental and economic assessment of sugarcane first generation biorefineries in Brazil
- (2011) Otávio Cavalett et al. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
- Bioconversion of lignocellulose-derived sugars to ethanol by engineeredSaccharomyces cerevisiae
- (2011) Anjali Madhavan et al. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Catalytic production of levulinic acid from cellulose and other biomass-derived carbohydrates with sulfonated hyperbranched poly(arylene oxindole)s
- (2011) Stijn Van de Vyver et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- A seawater-based biorefining strategy for fermentative production and chemical transformations of succinic acid
- (2011) Carol S. K. Lin et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- Advances on biomass pretreatment using ionic liquids: An overview
- (2011) Haregewine Tadesse et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- Selective conversion of trioses to lactates over Lewis acid heterogeneous catalysts
- (2011) Li Li et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- A green approach to chemical building blocks. The case of 3-hydroxypropanoic acid
- (2011) Cristina Della Pina et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- A critical assessment of the greenness and energy efficiency of microwave-assisted organic synthesis
- (2011) Jonathan D. Moseley et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Ionic liquids from renewable biomaterials: synthesis, characterization and application in the pretreatment of biomass
- (2011) Qiu-Ping Liu et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Efficient production of l-lactic acid from xylose by a recombinant Candida utilis strain
- (2011) Hideyuki Tamakawa et al. JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING
- Lactic acid production from lignocellulose-derived sugars using lactic acid bacteria: Overview and limits
- (2011) Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman et al. JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Chemicals from biomass: synthesis of lactic acid by alkaline hydrothermal conversion of sorbitol
- (2011) Camilo A. Ramírez-López et al. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Recovery of ionic liquid and sugars from hydrolyzed biomass using ion exclusion simulated moving bed chromatography
- (2011) Ngoc Lan Mai et al. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
- Engineering microbial factories for synthesis of value-added products
- (2011) Jing Du et al. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Enhancement of pilot scale production of l(+)-lactic acid by fermentation coupled with separation using membrane bioreactor
- (2011) Zhengdong Lu et al. PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
- Bioethanol production from pentose sugars: Current status and future prospects
- (2011) Ramesh Chander Kuhad et al. RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
- Effect of NaCl on the conversion of cellulose to glucose and levulinic acid via solid supported acid catalysis
- (2011) Joshua Potvin et al. TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
- Cu-Based Catalysts Show Low Temperature Activity for Glycerol Conversion to Lactic Acid
- (2011) Debdut Roy et al. ACS Catalysis
- Activation of Carbonyl-Containing Molecules with Solid Lewis Acids in Aqueous Media
- (2011) Yuriy Román-Leshkov et al. ACS Catalysis
- Chemocatalytic conversion of cellulose: opportunities, advances and pitfalls
- (2011) Jan A. Geboers et al. Catalysis Science & Technology
- Conversion of cellulose to hydrocarbon fuels by progressive removal of oxygen
- (2010) Juan Carlos Serrano-Ruiz et al. APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
- Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for biotechnological production of high-value organic acids and alcohols
- (2010) Chao Yu et al. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Identification and characterization of the propanediol utilization protein PduP of Lactobacillus reuteri for 3-hydroxypropionic acid production from glycerol
- (2010) Lian Hua Luo et al. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Pretreatment of rice straw with ammonia and ionic liquid for lignocellulose conversion to fermentable sugars
- (2010) Tam-Anh D. Nguyen et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Recent Advances in the Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose
- (2010) Stijn Van de Vyver et al. ChemCatChem
- Separation and recovery of the constituents from lignocellulosic biomass by using ionic liquids and acetic acid as co-solvents for mild hydrolysis
- (2010) Jaap van Spronsen et al. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING
- Efficient Synthesis of Lactic Acid by Aerobic Oxidation of Glycerol on Au-Pt/TiO2 Catalysts
- (2010) Yihong Shen et al. CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
- Next-Generation Biofuels: Survey of Emerging Technologies and Sustainability Issues
- (2010) Sergey Zinoviev et al. ChemSusChem
- Protein engineering for bioenergy and biomass-based chemicals
- (2010) Neil D Clarke CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
- Catalytic routes for the conversion of biomass into liquid hydrocarbon transportation fuels
- (2010) Juan Carlos Serrano-Ruiz et al. Energy & Environmental Science
- Ionic Liquid−Water Mixtures: EnhancedKwfor Efficient Cellulosic Biomass Conversion
- (2010) Yuetao Zhang et al. ENERGY & FUELS
- Techno-economic comparison of process technologies for biochemical ethanol production from corn stover
- (2010) Feroz Kabir Kazi et al. FUEL
- Zeolite-catalysed conversion of C3 sugars to alkyl lactates
- (2010) Paolo P. Pescarmona et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Sulfonated silica/carbon nanocomposites as novel catalysts for hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose
- (2010) Stijn Van de Vyver et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- The effect of the ionic liquid anion in the pretreatment of pine wood chips
- (2010) Agnieszka Brandt et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Catalytic conversion of biomass to biofuels
- (2010) David Martin Alonso et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Technology development for the production of biobased products from biorefinery carbohydrates—the US Department of Energy’s “Top 10” revisited
- (2010) Joseph J. Bozell et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to Levulinic Acid by Metal Chlorides
- (2010) Lincai Peng et al. MOLECULES
- Microbial succinic acid production: Natural versus metabolic engineered producers
- (2010) Joeri J. Beauprez et al. PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
- Conversion of Sugars to Lactic Acid Derivatives Using Heterogeneous Zeotype Catalysts
- (2010) M. S. Holm et al. SCIENCE
- Renewable Chemical Commodity Feedstocks from Integrated Catalytic Processing of Pyrolysis Oils
- (2010) T. P. Vispute et al. SCIENCE
- Au/Mg(OH)2: Highly efficient for selective oxidation of 1,2-propanediol to lactic acid with molecular oxygen
- (2010) Hong Ma et al. Science China-Chemistry
- Catalytic Conversion of Renewable Biomass Resources to Fuels and Chemicals
- (2010) Juan Carlos Serrano-Ruiz et al. Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Biosynthetic pathways for 3-hydroxypropionic acid production
- (2009) Xinglin Jiang et al. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Microwave-assisted conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into furans in ionic liquid
- (2009) Zehui Zhang et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Comparison of dilute acid and ionic liquid pretreatment of switchgrass: Biomass recalcitrance, delignification and enzymatic saccharification
- (2009) Chenlin Li et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Pretreatment technologies for an efficient bioethanol production process based on enzymatic hydrolysis: A review
- (2009) P. Alvira et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse: Status and perspectives
- (2009) C.A. Cardona et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Efficient aqueous hydrogenation of biomass platform molecules using supported metal nanoparticles on Starbons®
- (2009) Rafael Luque et al. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
- Recent Advances in Production of Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass
- (2009) S. Kumar et al. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
- Acid Hydrolysis of Cellulose as the Entry Point into Biorefinery Schemes
- (2009) Roberto Rinaldi et al. ChemSusChem
- Selective formation of lactate by oxidation of 1,2-propanediol using gold palladium alloy supported nanocrystals
- (2009) Nikolaos Dimitratos et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Zeolite H-USY for the production of lactic acid and methyl lactate from C3-sugars
- (2009) Ryan M. West et al. JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
- Engineering for biofuels: exploiting innate microbial capacity or importing biosynthetic potential?
- (2009) Hal Alper et al. NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
- Depolymerization of Cellulose Using Solid Catalysts in Ionic Liquids
- (2008) Roberto Rinaldi et al. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
- Feasibility of production methods for succinic acid derivatives: a marriage of renewable resources and chemical technology
- (2008) Ana Cukalovic et al. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr
- Experimental and kinetic modelling studies on the acid-catalysed hydrolysis of the water hyacinth plant to levulinic acid
- (2008) B. Girisuta et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Trends in biotechnological production of fuel ethanol from different feedstocks
- (2008) Óscar J. Sánchez et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Pretreatments to enhance the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass
- (2008) A.T.W.M. Hendriks et al. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
- Hydroxy acetone and lactic acid synthesis from aqueous propylene glycol/hydrogen peroxide catalysis on Pd-black
- (2008) R.S. Disselkamp et al. CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS
- Production of Levulinic Acid from Bagasse and Paddy Straw by Liquefaction in the Presence of Hydrochloride Acid
- (2008) Lifeng Yan et al. CLEAN-Soil Air Water
- Chemical transformations of succinic acid recovered from fermentation broths by a novel direct vacuum distillation-crystallisation method
- (2008) Rafael Luque et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Succinic acid from renewable resources as a C4building-block chemical—a review of the catalytic possibilities in aqueous media
- (2008) Clara Delhomme et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
- Plants to power: bioenergy to fuel the future
- (2008) Joshua S. Yuan et al. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
- Acid in ionic liquid: An efficient system for hydrolysis of lignocellulose
- (2007) Changzhi Li et al. GREEN CHEMISTRY
Publish scientific posters with Peeref
Peeref publishes scientific posters from all research disciplines. Our Diamond Open Access policy means free access to content and no publication fees for authors.
Learn MoreAsk a Question. Answer a Question.
Quickly pose questions to the entire community. Debate answers and get clarity on the most important issues facing researchers.
Get Started