Review
Infectious Diseases
Nazneen Jahan, Timothy Patton, Meredith O'Keeffe
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium that produces a wide range of factors to enhance its invasiveness and resistance to immune attack. The increasing antibiotic resistance of S. aureus poses a challenge to immune protection. Dendritic cells play a central role in inducing immune protection against S. aureus, but the interaction between S. aureus and dendritic cells is disrupted by antibiotic resistance.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jinzhou Ye, Xinhai Chen
Summary: Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a major global health challenge. This review compiles the most promising strategies currently under development to tackle antibiotic resistance, including the discovery of novel antibiotics, improvement of existing antibiotics, and the development of alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Clinical or preclinical studies show the great potential of these treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with some products expected to become commercially available soon.
Article
Immunology
Nor-Aziyah MatRahim, Kathryn Marie Jones, Brian P. Keegan, Ulrich Strych, Bin Zhan, Hai-Yen Lee, Sazaly AbuBakar
Summary: The study evaluated the immunogenicity of A. baumannii TonB-dependent receptors (TBDRs) displayed on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores in orally vaccinated mice. The results showed that the vaccinated mice remained healthy throughout the study and exhibited mucosal and humoral antibody responses to the vaccine antigen. The sera also demonstrated bactericidal activities against A. baumannii clinical isolates. These findings suggest that the B. subtilis spore-displayed TBDRs have potential as oral vaccine candidates against A. baumannii.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kathrin U. Jansen, William C. Gruber, Raphael Simon, James Wassil, Annaliesa S. Anderson
Summary: The dramatic rise in AMR poses a global threat, with vaccines showing promise in reducing resistance but being underutilized.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria L. Alcaide, Nicholas F. Nogueira, Ana S. Salazar, Emily K. Montgomerie, Violeta J. Rodriguez, Patricia D. Raccamarich, Irma T. Barreto, Angela McGaugh, Mark E. Sharkey, Alejandro M. Mantero, Allan E. Rodriguez, Laura Beauchamps, Deborah L. Jones
Summary: This study evaluated the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in individuals with and without HIV, and found an association between HIV status and age in antibody response.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abera Abdeta, Adane Bitew, Surafel Fentaw, Estifanos Tsige, Dawit Assefa, Tadesse Lejisa, Yordanos Kefyalew, Eyasu Tigabu, Martin Evans
Summary: The study detected a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria, particularly among intensive care unit patients at healthcare facilities. This highlights the increasing difficulty in clinical management of infected patients and the need for last-resort antibiotics, potentially worsening the global antimicrobial resistance crisis. Robust antimicrobial resistance monitoring and infection prevention and control programs are necessary.
Article
Virology
Jose Alejandro Bohorquez, Miaomiao Wang, Ivan Diaz, Monica Alberch, Marta Perez-Simo, Rosa Rosell, Douglas P. Gladue, Manuel Borca, Llilianne Ganges
Summary: The study demonstrates that FlagT4G vaccine can rapidly stimulate robust immune response and provide short-term protection for pigs after vaccination, which is of great significance for controlling classical swine fever virus worldwide.
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Araujo, M. Sousa, M. Tacao, R. A. Barauna, A. Silva, R. Ramos, A. Alves, C. M. Manaia, I. Henriques
Summary: Although urban wastewater treatment plants play a crucial role in eliminating antibiotic resistance, they still struggle to produce effluents free of resistance. UV-C radiation significantly reduces the abundance and prevalence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria (CRB), but CRB numbers increased after incubation in the dark. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) with bla(GES-5), integrons, and plasmids were detected in samples, raising concerns about potential horizontal gene transfer within these systems. Surveillance of carbapenem resistance in UWWTPs is essential for timely mitigation measures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fadia Zaknoon, Ohad Meir, Amram Mor
Summary: The study discusses the design of a linear pentapeptide derivative with bactericidal properties against Gram-negative bacteria. The lipopeptide demonstrated the ability to sensitize resilient bacteria to antibiotics, lower bacterial proton and ATP levels, and reduce membrane-protein functions. In vivo studies further confirmed its efficacy in treating skin wound infections and reducing bacterial loads in mouse kidneys, highlighting its potential as an antibacterial agent.
Review
Immunology
Satya Ranjan Sahu, Swagata Bose, Manish Singh, Premlata Kumari, Abinash Dutta, Bhabasha Gyanadeep Utkalaja, Shraddheya Kumar Patel, Narottam Acharya
Summary: The increase in fungal infections, particularly caused by opportunistic Candida species, has become a major healthcare concern worldwide due to the rise in immune-suppressed individuals. Chemotherapy is currently the only option available for combating these fungal diseases, however, the emergence of resistance to limited antifungal drugs highlights the urgent need for early detection, identification of new drug targets, and development of effective therapies. There is a growing interest in developing safe and potent immune-based therapeutics to address fungal diseases, with vaccine design and development being a priority.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Stephen M. Kissler, Moriah Mitchell, Yonatan H. Grad
Summary: Gonorrhea is responsible for a significant portion of antibiotic prescriptions in young adults, males, and in the southern and western United States. Implementing a gonococcal vaccine could lead to a substantial decrease in antibiotic prescribing for these populations.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John A. A. D'Elia, Larry A. A. Weinrauch
Summary: A wide spectrum of Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria in the United States has shown resistance to various antibiotics over the past decade. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is not currently a major threat in North/South America, Europe, and the Middle East. However, the migration of populations due to environmental factors may increase the global spread of this ancient pathogen. The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from China and India to African countries has become a concern for Europe and North America.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Caterina Aurilio, Pasquale Sansone, Manlio Barbarisi, Vincenzo Pota, Luca Gregorio Giaccari, Francesco Coppolino, Alfonso Barbarisi, Maria Beatrice Passavanti, Maria Caterina Pace
Summary: Carbapenem antibiotics are highly effective for the treatment of infections caused by resistant bacteria. The widespread use of these antibiotics has resulted in carbapenem resistance, which can occur through both intrinsic and acquired mechanisms.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Marin-Hernandez, Douglas F. Nixon, Nathaniel Hupert
Summary: Traditional vaccines are designed to target specific pathogens, but there are known off-target effects that can impact unrelated pathogen infections. Heterologous vaccines, like BCG, can induce non-specific effects through trained immunity.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Agm Rakibuzzaman, Pablo Pineyro, Angela Pillatzki, Sheela Ramamoorthy
Summary: The study showed that vaccination with the suicidal PCV2 vaccine constructs induced strong virus-neutralizing antibody responses, preventing lesions, body-weight loss, and viral replication. The construct was not detectable in vaccinated pigs' sera 14 days post-vaccination, indicating high safety. Exposure to immune selection pressure resulted in mutations to a stop signal, demonstrating both effectiveness and safety in rapidly attenuating PCV2.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Scott D. Kobayashi, Frank R. DeLeo
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Viktoria Rungelrath, Scott D. Kobayashi, Frank R. DeLeo
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Natalia Malachowa, Scott D. Kobayashi, Adeline R. Porter, Brett Freedman, Patrick W. Hanley, Jamie Lovaglio, Greg A. Saturday, Donald J. Gardner, Dana P. Scott, Amanda Griffin, Kathleen Cordova, Dan Long, Rebecca Rosenke, Daniel E. Sturdevant, Daniel Bruno, Craig Martens, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Frank R. DeLeo
Article
Microbiology
Shayla Hesse, Natalia Malachowa, Adeline R. Porter, Brett Freedman, Scott D. Kobayashi, Donald J. Gardner, Dana P. Scott, Sankar Adhya, Frank R. DeLeo
Summary: This study demonstrates that prompt treatment with two bacteriophages can effectively treat Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 bacteremia, with combination phage therapy showing the greatest increase in survival and the lowest frequency of phage resistance among bacteria. These findings support the utility of phage therapy as an approach for refractory ST258 infections and highlight the potential for enhancing treatment through strategic phage selection.
Review
Immunology
Clement Opoku-Temeng, Natalia Malachowa, Scott D. Kobayashi, Frank R. DeLeo
Summary: The article discusses the characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its impact on host defense, as well as the challenges of treatment caused by antibiotic resistance and limited treatment options.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Thuan H. Nguyen, Gordon Y. C. Cheung, Kevin M. Rigby, Olena Kamenyeva, Juraj Kabat, Daniel E. Sturdevant, Amer E. Villaruz, Ryan Liu, Pipat Piewngam, Adeline R. Porter, Saba Firdous, Janice Chiou, Matthew D. Park, Rachelle L. Hunt, Fawaz M. F. Almufarriji, Vee Y. Tan, Titus K. Asiamah, Joshua W. McCausland, Emilie L. Fisher, Anthony J. Yeh, Justin S. Bae, Scott D. Kobayashi, Ji Ming Wang, Daniel L. Barber, Frank R. DeLeo, Michael Otto
Summary: Research has revealed that toxins from the skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, known as PSMs, can trigger a rapid immune response by directly recognizing and activating the transcription factor EGR1, leading to the recruitment of leucocytes to the site of infection and thus preventing infection.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Viktoria Rungelrath, Adeline R. Porter, Natalia Malachowa, Brett A. Freedman, Jacqueline M. Leung, Jovanka M. Voyich, Michael Otto, Scott D. Kobayashi, Frank R. DeLeo
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a significant human pathogen that can cause a variety of diseases, with neutrophils playing a crucial role in host defense against S. aureus infections. The study showed that disruption of phagosome integrity and escape of S. aureus from the phagosome into the cytoplasm are not necessary for neutrophil lysis, indicating independent phenomena.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Natalia Malachowa, Will McGuinness, Scott D. Kobayashi, Adeline R. Porter, Carl Shaia, Jamie Lovaglio, Brian Smith, Viktoria Rungelrath, Greg Saturday, Dana P. Scott, Fabiana Falugi, Dominique Missiakas, Olaf Schneewind, Frank R. DeLeo
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections worldwide. Animal infection models have been used to study its virulence and host response. However, current models require a high inoculum. This study developed a rabbit infection model with lower CFU and investigated the host response to infection.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Clement Opoku-Temeng, Brett Freedman, Adeline R. Porter, Scott D. Kobayashi, Liang Chen, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Frank R. DeLeo
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, specifically multilocus sequence type 258 (ST258), have developed resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics and can cause severe infections in susceptible individuals. This study investigates the impact of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on the capsule production and survival of K. pneumoniae in normal human serum (NHS). Surprisingly, certain antibiotics, such as mupirocin, enhanced the survival of ST258 isolates in NHS and also increased the production of capsular polysaccharide (CPS). Further analyses revealed that mupirocin treatment and/or culture in NHS upregulated genes related to the stringent response and serum resistance in ST258 isolates. These findings suggest that the response of K. pneumoniae to mupirocin and human serum contributes to decreased serum susceptibility through a multifactorial process, and further investigation is needed to understand the impact on clinical outcomes in the human host.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Scott D. Kobayashi, Frank R. DeLeo, Mark T. Quinn
Summary: Neutrophils are an important component of innate host defense, with a high production rate and rapid mobilization to infected tissues. They contain abundant antimicrobial molecules, but their turnover and activation are tightly regulated. Microbial pathogens can affect the apoptosis and cytolysis of neutrophils, altering their function.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Frank R. DeLeo, Adeline R. Porter, Scott D. Kobayashi, Brett Freedman, Mingju Hao, Jianping Jiang, Yi-Tsung Lin, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Liang Chen, Joanna B. Goldberg
Summary: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide, with different strains causing infections in individuals with comorbidities and healthy individuals. The emergence of strains with both multidrug resistance and hypervirulence complicates the understanding of the immune response against this pathogen.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clement Opoku-Temeng, Scott D. Kobayashi, Frank R. DeLeo
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2019)
