Review
Energy & Fuels
Fu Zhang, Jinhua Yi, Weixiao Pan, Guangjun Mei
Summary: Waste fats and oils are rich in toxic components, and producing second-generation biodiesel from them can effectively reduce carbon emissions and improve the environment. A new combined process of suspended-bed hydrogenation and fixed-bed hydrogenation is proposed to overcome the limitations of the traditional fixed-bed hydrogenation process. The new process shows unique technical advantages, with high yield and quality of the second-generation biodiesel product, bringing significant economic and social benefits.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Cong Liu, Anthony A. Provatas, Richard S. Parnas
Summary: This study presents a new desulfurization method using S-cyclodextrin as the adsorbent for biodiesel production. Compared to traditional methods, this system has lower initial cost and operates at lower temperature and pressure. However, it requires periodic replacement and regeneration of S-cyclodextrin.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas Collin, Rachel Cunningham, Melani Deb, Raffaella Villa, Jitka MacAdam, Bruce Jefferson
Summary: The study calculated the amount of fats, oils, and grease (FOG) produced by households annually, revealing potential for biodiesel production and energy recovery in the UK. However, most of the household FOG is currently not recovered, indicating a need for schemes tailored to household routines to maximize collection rates.
WATER AND ENVIRONMENT JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Euan B. McLean, David T. Mooney, David J. Burns, Ai-Lan Lee
Summary: A mild and inexpensive method for direct hydrodecarboxylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids has been developed, which does not require metals, light, or catalysts, making the protocol operationally simple and more sustainable.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Hajek, Ales Vavra, Hector de Paz Carmona, Jaroslav Kocik
Summary: This review paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art of the chemical transformation of oils/fats to biofuels or bio-lubricants in transport, including two fuel types and three bio-lubricant synthesis methods, analyzing the conditions required for transformation and the properties of the final products, and discussing the comparison between biodiesel and green diesel with diesel from crude oil.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Morenike A. Peters, Carine Tondo Alves, Jiawei Wang, Jude A. Onwudili
Summary: In this study, the hydrolysis of rapeseed oil and waste cooking oil samples in subcritical water was investigated. The optimal conditions for hydrolysis were found to be a temperature of 300℃, a reaction time of 60 minutes, and a vegetable oil-water mass ratio of 1:2. Oleic acid was identified as the dominant fatty acid, with high yields obtained from both rapeseed oil and waste cooking oil. The hydrolysis products were further converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) with considerable yields. This study demonstrates the potential of subcritical water hydrolysis for converting waste cooking oil into valuable fatty acids for biodiesel production and other applications.
Article
Thermodynamics
Allan Almeida Albuquerque, Flora T. T. Ng, Leandro Danielski, Luiz Stragevitch
Summary: Three solid acid-catalyzed processes for biodiesel production were designed and optimized, with processes A and B found to be the most economically and environmentally friendly options. Process A, with a simpler flowsheet, was identified as the best choice compared to process B.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muhammad Ikhsan Taipabu, Karthickeyan Viswanathan, Wei Wu, Zoltan K. Nagy
Summary: Fats, oils, and grease (FOG) waste collected from kitchen and restaurant wastes can cause sewer blockage in many countries due to increased human activities. A new FOG waste-to-chemicals process has been developed to produce biodiesel and other by-products, demonstrating environmental benefits.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mihaela Ivanova, Anamaria Hanganu, Raluca Dumitriu, Mihaela Tociu, Galin Ivanov, Cristina Stavarache, Liliana Popescu, Aliona Ghendov-Mosanu, Rodica Sturza, Calin Deleanu, Nicoleta-Aurelia Chira
Summary: The saponification value of fats and oils, reflecting the mean molecular weight of triacylglycerols, can be calculated using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1-NMR) spectra. Compared to conventional techniques, the H-1-NMR-based method is a convenient and rapid alternative for determining saponification values.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Scott B. Teasdale, Skye Marshall, Kylie Abbott, Tim Cassettari, Emily Duve, Flavia Fayet-Moore
Summary: This study conducted an umbrella review to investigate the nutritional and bioactive components of commonly consumed edible oils and fats, finding strong evidence supporting the beneficial effects of high mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions, total biophenol content, and phytosterols on high-burden chronic diseases. However, insufficient evidence was found for the impact of squalene. Future dietary guidelines should consider a more comprehensive approach to evaluating edible oils beyond saturated fatty acid content.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
James G. Wallis, Jesse D. Bengtsson, John Browse
Summary: Vegetable oils are a major source of calories in human diets but their fatty acid compositions are not ideal. Strategies such as transgenic expression of desaturases and downregulation of FatB thioesterase have been developed to lower oil saturates and improve nutrition.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rodiansono, Heny Puspita Dewi, Kamilia Mustikasari, Maria Dewi Astuti, Sadang Husain, Sutomo
Summary: Molybdenum oxide-modified ruthenium on titanium oxide catalysts exhibit high activity for the hydroconversion of carboxylic acids to alcohols and alkanes under mild reaction conditions.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alexandra L. Wealleans, Karen Bierinckx, Mauro di Benedetto
Summary: Fats and oils are the major source of energy in pig diets, and the digestion and absorption process is complex. Factors influencing the available energy content of supplemental fats include fatty acid chain length, saturation, and oxidation, which have different impacts at different stages of the pig's life cycle. Antioxidants, exogenous emulsifiers, and other additives have the potential to improve fat utilization in pig diets.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Masaki Honda, Hakuto Kageyama, Takashi Hibino, Yukiko Osawa, Yuki Kawashima, Kazuaki Hirasawa, Ikuo Kuroda
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different suspension media and additives on the stability of astaxanthin isomers, identifying several vegetable oils and antioxidants that significantly improved stability. It was found that the (9Z)-astaxanthin demonstrated higher stability compared to other Z-isomers. These findings suggest the importance of selecting suitable suspension mediums and antioxidants for maintaining astaxanthin concentration and Z-isomer ratio over time.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xincheng Cao, Feng Long, Fei Wang, Jiaping Zhao, Junming Xu, Jianchun Jiang
Summary: A highly efficient NiCu/Al2O3 bifunctional catalyst has been developed for the production of diesel-range alkanes from higher aliphatic esters under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst showed excellent catalytic performance in model substrate, soybean oil, and waste cooking oil conversions, mainly due to the synergistic effect between the metal active sites and Lewis acid sites. The introduction of Cu species in the bimetallic catalyst greatly reduced the activation energy of the conversion reaction, leading to high decarboxylation performance under mild conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Raquel Portela, Jakob Maximilian Marinkovic, Morten Logemann, Markus Schoerner, Nanette Zahrtman, Esra Eray, Marco Haumann, Eduardo J. Garcia-Suarez, Matthias Wessling, Pedro Avila, Anders Riisager, Rasmus Fehrmann
Summary: Monolithic support materials with the mechanical resistance and thermal conductivity of SiC, as well as tunable surface chemistry and textural properties, have been developed for use in catalytic membrane reactors. The skin applied onto the external wall and the infiltration of metal oxide nanoparticles into macropores allow for the immobilization of liquid phase catalysts. The resulting multimodal distribution of pore sizes can be tuned by various factors such as particle sizes, wash-coats, and calcination temperature.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenting Fang, Sihang Liu, Leonhard Schill, Mariusz Kubus, Thomas Bligaard, Anders Riisager
Summary: In this study, Zr-doped aluminum phosphate catalyst was used to synthesize intermediates for diesel and jet fuel. The addition of Zr increased the acidity and basicity of the catalyst, resulting in higher yields of the desired products.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Huirong Li, Leonhard Schill, Rasmus Fehrmann, Anders Riisager
Summary: Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia (NH3-SCR) is an effective technology for reducing NOx emissions from anthropogenic sources. However, commercial de-NOx catalysts based on V2O5-WO3/TiO2 have limitations such as a narrow operating temperature window, biotoxicity, poor hydrothermal stability, and intolerance to SO2/H2O. To overcome these drawbacks, modifications of existing catalysts and the development of novel catalysts, including core-shell structures, have been extensively investigated. This review summarizes recent material developments and provides an up-to-date evaluation of core-shell structured catalyst design and assembly for NH3-SCR, which may inspire future developments with improved de-NOx performance.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luca Piccirilli, Brenda Rabell, Rosa Padilla, Anders Riisager, Shoubhik Das, Martin Nielsen
Summary: High catalytic activities were achieved by using Ru-PNP complexes in ionic liquids for the reversible hydrogenation of CO2 and dehydrogenation of formic acid (FA) under mild conditions without sacrificial additives. The Ru-PNP/IL system showed high conversion rates and space-time yield (STY) for FA, with the potential to be used as a FA/CO2 battery, H2 releaser, and hydrogenative CO2 converter.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Van Chuc Nguyen, Van Hung Do, Duc Duc Truong, Thi Tien Pham, Phuc Kien Dinh, Tung Lam Vu, Eduardo J. Garcia-Suarez, Anders Riisager, Rasmus Fehrmann, Minh Thang Le
Summary: The influence of pH on the synthesis of TPPTS ligand was studied and a neutralization pH of 5.5-6.5 was optimized for successful synthesis of TPPTS-Cs-3 and TPPTS-Na-3 ligands. The catalytic activity of Rh-TPPTS supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) catalysts with SiO2 and TiO2 supports were investigated. TPPTS-Cs-3 on SiO2 support exhibited superior catalytic activity compared to TPPTS-Na-3 on the same support and the activity of the latter was much higher than an analogous catalyst based on TiO2 support. This study highlights the importance of both ligand and support characteristics in the SILP hydroformylation system.
RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Omar Y. Y. Abdelaziz, Ida Clemmensen, Sebastian Meier, Sasa Bjelic, Christian P. P. Hulteberg, Anders Riisager
Summary: Zirconia-supported vanadium-copper catalysts (VCux:yZr) were used to oxidatively depolymerize softwood LignoBoost Kraft lignin (LB). The most promising catalyst was VCu1:2Zr, which achieved a total monomer yield of 9 wt% and the highest selectivity for vanillin (59%). This study demonstrates the potential of the V-Cu/ZrO2 catalyst system in the production of value-added aromatics from technical lignin under relatively mild conditions, contributing to the more sustainable use of forest-based industries.
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mahtab Madani, Leonhard Schill, Nanette Zahrtmann, Raquel Portela, Linda Arsenjuk, Robert Franke, Rasmus Fehrmann, Anders Riisager
Summary: In this study, several supported liquid-phase (SLP) catalysts with immobilized Rh-biphephos complexes were prepared and used for continuous gas-phase hydroformylation of 1-butene. The SLP catalysts showed higher catalytic activity and selectivity towards the preferred linear aldehyde compared to the supports with smaller sized silica nanoparticles. Importantly, the prepared SLP catalyst systems demonstrated long-term stability in the hydroformylation reaction without significant formation of unwanted by-products.
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenting Fang, Sihang Liu, Astrid Kjaer Steffensen, Leonhard Schill, Georg Kastlunger, Anders Riisager
Summary: In this study, KIT-6-templated mesoporous CuNiOx catalysts were synthesized and used for the selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol. Experimental characterization and theoretical calculation revealed the critical role of Cu+ species in hydrogen activation and the correlation between Cu+ concentration and hydrogenation activities. The CuNi alloy phase was identified as the active adsorption site for furfural, and the difference in adsorption configurations led to a shift in product selectivity. The interplay between Cu+ sites and CuNi alloy phase was proposed to enhance the activity of CuNi catalysts in furfural hydrogenation. The structure-activity relationships established in this work provide a rationale for similar catalytic systems involving hydrogenation of C=O or/and C=C groups.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Deepthy Krishnan, Leonhard Schill, M. Rosa Axet, Karine Philippot, Anders Riisager
Summary: A series of ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) were synthesized using an organometallic approach in different functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids (FILs). The RuNPs, with sizes ranging from 1.3 to 2.2 nm, depending on the IL functionalization, were well-dispersed and narrow-sized as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The interaction between the RuNPs and the ILs was studied using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The RuNPs stabilized by methoxy-based FILs (MEM and MME) exhibited a good balance between catalytic activity and stability in the hydrogenation of styrene (S) under mild reaction conditions, showing total selectivity towards ethylbenzene (EB) at lower reaction conditions (5 bar, 30 degrees C) compared to other RuNP catalysts reported in the literature.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pablo Domenech, Betsy Kurisingal Joseph, Alex Toftgaard Nielsen, Anders Riisager
Summary: The alkylation of acetone with butanol was optimized to achieve high acetone conversion and high C11 selectivity with low catalyst loading.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Wenfeng Zhao, Hu Li, Heng Zhang, Song Yang, Anders Riisager
Summary: Ammonia borane (AB) is a promising material for hydrogen storage and has attracted much attention in reductive organic transformations. This review summarizes the recent progress of AB-mediated transfer hydrogenation reactions of various substrates and discusses the synthesis protocols, reaction parameters, product distribution, and reactivity. The mechanism involving the action mode of AB and structure-activity relationships are also discussed, and the challenges and opportunities for AB-enabled transfer hydrogenation reactions are highlighted.
GREEN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Huirong Li, Leonhard Schill, Rasmus Fehrmann, Anders Riisager
Summary: A novel core-shell-shell Mn-Ti-Ce oxide catalyst (MnOx@TiO2@CeO2) was synthesized and demonstrated excellent low-temperature activity for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia (NH3-SCR). The formation of the inner TiO2 shell increased the specific surface area, surface Mn4+/Mn ratio and chemisorbed oxygen, promoting NO oxidation. The outer CeO2 shell enhanced surface acid sites and acid strength, beneficial for ammonia adsorption and water tolerance.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chantal J. Abou-Fayssal, Christophe Fliedel, Rinaldo Poli, Anders Riisager, Karine Philippot, Eric Manoury
Summary: This study introduces a method to improve the confinement of rhodium nanoparticles (RhNPs) in nanoreactors by introducing phosphine oxide as anchoring groups in the hydrophobic core of amphiphilic star-block copolymers. The RhNP-loaded latex exhibits excellent catalytic activity and recyclability, making it a promising candidate for aqueous biphasic catalysis.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenting Fang, Jonas Egebo, Leonhard Schill, Hua Chen, Anders Riisager
Summary: In this study, a practical and versatile one-pot synthesis of alkyl furanic ethers was achieved using Pd nanoparticles supported on aluminum phosphate as catalyst. The reaction yielded 92-99% of the desired product from furfural in various primary alcohols with formic acid as a hydrogen donor.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ping Zhu, Sebastian Meier, Anders Riisager
Summary: Isomerisation of glucose to fructose is a crucial step in the valorisation of biomass-derived carbohydrates to renewable chemicals, polymers, and fuels. This study demonstrated the use of alkali-metal stannate salts as effective catalysts for glucose-fructose isomerisation in alcohols, resulting in higher fructose yield and selectivity than traditional catalysts. The reaction proceeded either by base-catalysis or heterogeneously, depending on the solubility of the stannates in the alcohol medium.
CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.
