Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mami Yamada, Eiji Warabi, Hisashi Oishi, Vitor A. Lira, Mitsuharu Okutsu
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in skeletal muscle atrophy during cancer cachexia, with more glycolytic muscles being more affected. Here, the researchers showed that p62, when phosphorylated, competitively binds to Keap1 and activates Nrf2, leading to the transcription of antioxidant genes in skeletal muscle. The overexpression of p62 in glycolytic muscles increased the expression of antioxidant proteins and mitigated muscle wasting in a mouse model of cancer cachexia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mami Yamada, Eiji Warabi, Hisashi Oishi, Vitor A. Lira, Mitsuharu Okutsu
Summary: Oxidative stress is important in skeletal muscle atrophy during cancer cachexia, with glycolytic muscles being more affected. The protein p62 plays a role in activating Nrf2 and increasing expression of antioxidant proteins in skeletal muscles, potentially protecting against muscle wasting. These findings suggest that p62 could be a therapeutic target for treating cancer cachexia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilya Pinchuk, Ron Kohen, Wolfgang Stuetz, Daniela Weber, Claudio Franceschi, Miriam Capri, Mikko Hurme, Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein, Christiane Schon, Jurgen Bernhardt, Florence Debacq-Chainiaux, Martijn E. T. Dolle, Eugene H. J. M. Jansen, Efstathios S. Gonos, Ewa Sikora, Nicolle Breusing, Daniela Gradinaru, Maria Moreno-Villanueva, Alexander Burkle, Tilman Grune, Dov Lichtenberg
Summary: Redox steady state is crucial for cellular functions, while Oxidative Stress is associated with various pathologies. Understanding the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidants can help in selective treatment. The effects of different LMWA on oxidative damage biomarkers need to be carefully studied before justifying a single LMWA treatment approach.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kozo Nakai, Daisuke Tsuruta
Summary: Oxygen in the atmosphere is vital for human life, but the metabolites ROS, produced in excess, can exacerbate skin aging and inflammation. Excessive exposure to air pollutants and other harmful substances can stimulate the production of ROS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Azubuike Victor Chukwuka, Fisayo C. Jerome, Adesola Hassan, Benjamin Ebonwu, Aina O. Adeogun
Summary: This study investigates the association between muscle pathologies and oxidative stress in blue crabs. The findings show that the uptake of redox-active metals in muscle tissue is related to lipid peroxidation and the prevalence of myopathies. The study also identifies severe skeletal muscle deterioration associated with parasite cysts.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathias Flensted-Jensen, Martin Gram, Flemming Dela, Jorn Wulff Helge, Steen Larsen
Summary: In this study involving 12 sedentary obese individuals at risk of developing T2D, it was found that high intensity interval training (HIT) significantly decreased ROS production, increased antioxidant protein levels, and improved mitochondrial respiratory capacity within a short period of time. These findings suggest that a relatively small amount of HIT can effectively enhance antioxidant status and lower oxidative stress in muscle cells, potentially protecting against the development of cardiovascular disease.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoguang Liu, Miaomiao Xu, Yang Yu, Yingjie Chen, Xinyu Weng, Lin Zhu
Summary: PD-1 plays an important role in cisplatin-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, with PD-1 knockout exacerbating muscle wasting and influencing inflammation and oxidative stress in muscles.
Article
Sport Sciences
Cassie M. Williamson-Reisdorph, Tiffany S. Quindry, Kathryn G. Tiemessen, John Cuddy, Walter Hailes, Dustin Slivka, Brent C. Ruby, John C. Quindry
Summary: This study found that hypobaria and hypoxia did not affect blood oxidative stress or redox-sensitive gene transcripts during post-exercise recovery. There was an increase in antioxidant capacity and a decrease in protein and lipid oxidative modifications post-exercise.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hideo Nambu, Shingo Takada, Satoshi Maekawa, Junichi Matsumoto, Naoya Kakutani, Takaaki Furihata, Ryosuke Shirakawa, Takashi Katayama, Takayuki Nakajima, Katsuma Yamanashi, Yoshikuni Obata, Ippei Nakano, Masaya Tsuda, Akimichi Saito, Arata Fukushima, Takashi Yokota, Junko Nio-Kobayashi, Hironobu Yasui, Kei Higashikawa, Yuji Kuge, Toshihisa Anzai, Hisataka Sabe, Shintaro Kinugawa
Summary: Exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure is partly attributed to skeletal muscle abnormalities caused by XO-derived ROS, which can be prevented by inhibition of their production.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hayden W. Hyatt, Scott K. Powers
Summary: Skeletal muscle, essential for functions like breathing and movement, is susceptible to wasting due to various factors such as chronic diseases, cancer treatment, aging, and inactivity. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in this muscle wasting process, linking it to conditions like cancer, sepsis, and aging. Future research directions in this field are crucial for understanding and addressing muscle wasting.
Article
Cell Biology
Jonathan J. Petrocelli, Naomi M. M. P. de Hart, Marisa J. Lang, Elena M. Yee, Patrick J. Ferrara, Dennis K. Fix, Amandine Chaix, Katsuhiko Funai, Micah J. Drummond
Summary: Aging is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in skeletal muscle, which produce inflammatory products. The relationship between senescent cells and muscle atrophy is unclear. This study found that MET+LEU treatment can prevent muscle atrophy by reversing senescence and improving proteostasis. MET+LEU increased myotube differentiation, prevented muscle atrophy, and decreased dysregulated proteostasis. Additionally, the senolytic drug D+Q showed similar effects to MET+LEU. These findings highlight the potential of MET+LEU as a treatment for preventing muscle atrophy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shima Taherkhani, Kosar Valaei, Hamid Arazi, Katsuhiko Suzuki
Summary: Moderate to high-intensity and short-duration physical activities can lead to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing damage to body tissues, while antioxidant defense systems can control ROS effectively during low to moderate intensity and long-term exercises. In stressful situations, antioxidant supplements can be considered to prevent ROS damage. Further research needs to take into account factors such as dosage and duration of antioxidant supplements, exercise intensity, duration, frequency, among others.
Article
Biology
Hiroaki Eshima, Justin L. Shahtout, Piyarat Siripoksup, MacKenzie J. Pearson, Ziad S. Mahmassani, Patrick J. Ferrara, Alexis W. Lyons, John Alan Maschek, Alek D. Peterlin, Anthony R. P. Verkerke, Jordan M. Johnson, Anahy Salcedo, Jonathan J. Petrocelli, Edwin R. Miranda, Ethan J. Anderson, Sihem Boudina, Qitao Ran, James E. Cox, Micah J. Drummond, Katsuhiko Funai
Summary: ROS accumulation is a key characteristic of skeletal muscle atrophy. The role of ROS in the loss of muscle mass and strength is not clear. This study reveals that LOOH, a type of ROS, promotes muscle atrophy in a lysosomal-dependent manner. Inhibition of LOOH prevents muscle atrophy and weakness in both young and old mice, suggesting that LOOH-derived carbonyl stress mediates age- and disuse-induced muscle dysfunction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victoria L. Wyckelsma, Ada Trepci, Lilly Schwieler, Tomas Venckunas, Marius Brazaitis, Sigitas Kamandulis, Henrikas Paulauskas, Helena Gapeyeva, Mati Paasuke, Stefano Gastaldello, Sophie Imbeault, Hakan Westerblad, Sophie Erhardt, Daniel C. Andersson
Summary: In elderly men, three weeks of sprint interval training shifted KP metabolism towards neuroprotection, but this shift was blocked by antioxidant treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga Vasileiadou, George G. Nastos, Panagiotis N. Chatzinikolaou, Dimitrios Papoutsis, Dimitra I. Vrampa, Spyridon Methenitis, Nikos V. Margaritelis
Summary: Mammalian skeletal muscles exhibit different redox properties and antioxidant enzyme activities between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscles. Slow-twitch muscles have higher antioxidant enzyme activity, while fast-twitch muscles have higher oxidative production. This redox heterogeneity may have implications for muscle function and health research and provide an explanation for conflicting results about antioxidant supplement efficacy.
Article
Oncology
Suzanne Dufresne, Jordan Gueritat, Carmen P. Wong, Amin Isanejad, Emily Ho, Eva Serna, Marie-Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Amelie Rebillard
Summary: Exercise can potentially reverse some cancer-related epigenetic alterations in prostate tumor tissue, as observed in the study where it affected miRNA expression, DNA methylation, and DNA methyltransferase mRNA expression.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fabrizio Pin, Alexander J. Jones, Joshua R. Huot, Ashok Narasimhan, Teresa A. Zimmers, Lynda F. Bonewald, Andrea Bonetto
Summary: This study demonstrates that patients with ovarian cancer exhibit evidence of cachexia and increased bone turnover, with high levels of RANKL potentially causing skeletal muscle atrophy and bone resorption. Treatment with antiresorptive and anti-RANKL therapies benefits muscle mass and function in cancer cachexia.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William Roman, Helena Pinheiro, Mafalda R. Pimentel, Jessica Segales, Luis M. Oliveira, Esther Garcia-Dominguez, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Antonio L. Serrano, Edgar R. Gomes, Pura Munoz-Canoves
Summary: The study revealed that localized muscle injuries triggered by exercise activate a myofiber self-repair mechanism that is independent of satellite cells. A signaling cascade involving calcium, Cdc42, and phosphokinase C attracts myonuclei to the damaged site, accelerating sarcomere repair and delivering messenger RNA for cellular reconstruction. Myofiber self-repair is a cell-autonomous protective mechanism, offering an alternative model for understanding muscle architecture restoration in health and disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alyson L. Essex, Joshua R. Huot, Padmini Deosthale, Alison Wagner, Jorge Figueras, Azaria Davis, John Damrath, Fabrizio Pin, Joseph Wallace, Andrea Bonetto, Lilian Plotkin
Summary: This study reveals that the Trem2 variant associated with Alzheimer's disease risk may independently affect bone and skeletal muscle loss, regardless of central nervous system defects. These findings suggest a potential link between Trem2 signaling alterations and skeletal health.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessia S. Cento, Massimiliano Leigheb, Giuseppina Caretti, Fabio Penna
Summary: The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders is increasing due to inactivity and sedentary lifestyle, and exercise training is effective in improving musculoskeletal health.
CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua R. Huot, Dryden Baumfalk, Aridai Resendiz, Andrea Bonetto, Ashley J. Smuder, Fabio Penna
Summary: Cancer is often accompanied by cachexia, a wasting syndrome. Cachexia can develop as a result of tumor progression or as a side effect of anticancer treatments. It is characterized by severe loss of muscle mass and function, making it a subject of extensive investigation.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Esther Garcia-Dominguez, Aitor Carretero, Aurora Vina-Almunia, Julio Domenech-Fernandez, Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez, Jose Vina, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
Summary: Hypomorphic glucose 6-P dehydrogenase (G6PD) alleles, which cause G6PD deficiency, are prevalent in one in twenty people worldwide. G6PD deficiency may be an evolutionary adaptation to malaria, as G6PD-deficient red blood cells are hostile to malaria parasites. Recent evidence suggests broader implications for G6PD deficiency in health, including skeletal muscle diseases. G6PD is involved in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and its increased activity in skeletal muscle is associated with cell growth stimulation and muscle repair. Age-related loss in muscle mass and strength leads to a decrease in G6PD activity, but G6PD overexpression protects against metabolic stress and age-related decline.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fernando Millan-Domingo, Francisco Jose Tarazona-Santabalbina, Aitor Carretero, Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez, Jose Vina, Maria Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
Summary: This study compared a Real-Life exercise intervention with a previously reported Clinical Trial and found that the Real-Life intervention led to higher improvements in functional parameters, dietary habits, emotional and social networking outcomes in older adults. It also resulted in a significant reduction in falls and visits to healthcare centers. Implementing Real-Life exercise interventions is crucial for improving the health-span of the older population.
Review
Oncology
Maurizio Ragni, Claudia Fornelli, Enzo Nisoli, Fabio Penna
Summary: Cancer metabolism offers new insights into identifying vulnerabilities of cancer cells, targeting alterations in amino acid metabolism to limit tumor growth can impact the cancer-host metabolism and patient outcome; Cachexia, a common syndrome in cancer patients, may be improved by appropriate amino acid interventions to enhance nutritional status and anti-cancer treatment effectiveness.
Article
Sport Sciences
Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez, Jose Losa-Reyna, Aitor Carretero, Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez, Ana Alfaro-Acha, Amelia Guadalupe-Grau, Ignacio Ara, Luis M. Alegre, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Francisco J. Garcia-Garcia, Julian Alcazar
Summary: This study aimed to assess the residual effects of a 12-week concurrent training program in older adults with COPD. The results showed that after 10 months of detraining, the intervention group had improved physical function, health-related quality of life, early rate of force development, and maximum muscle power, while no significant differences were found in peak oxygen uptake, late rate of force development, systemic oxidative damage, and antioxidant capacity. The findings suggest that concurrent training can have positive effects on older adults with COPD.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Blanca Alabadi, Miguel Civera, Adrian De la Rosa, Sergio Martinez-Hervas, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Jose T. Real
Summary: Body composition changes during aging, particularly loss of lean mass, can contribute to the development of age-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is also associated with increased oxidative stress (OS) that negatively affects skeletal muscle. This study aimed to investigate the differences in clinical and nutritional parameters, disease control, and OS in older patients with T2D based on their amount of lean mass. The findings indicate that older women with low fat-free mass and muscle mass have poorer T2D metabolic control, and those with low muscle mass exhibit higher levels of OS. Thus, low lean mass in geriatric T2D patients is associated with worse glycemic control and increased OS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lorenzo Nevi, Noora Pollanen, Fabio Penna, Giuseppina Caretti
Summary: Epigenetic changes are associated with muscle wasting in various pathological conditions, and targeting HDACs and BET proteins may be a promising strategy to reverse this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chandler S. Callaway, Lila M. Mouchantat, Benjamin G. Bitler, Andrea Bonetto
Summary: Cancer-associated cachexia is a common occurrence in cancer patients, including those with ovarian cancer. Reduced skeletal muscle mass in ovarian cancer patients is associated with worse outcomes. Mouse models show characteristics of cachexia in ovarian cancer, but there is limited research on ovarian cancer-associated cachexia compared to other cancer types. Certain soluble factors may serve as therapeutic targets for mitigating cachexia in ovarian cancer. However, more research is needed to determine the translational relevance of these findings due to the relatively low number of studies.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michel Bernier, Ignacio Navas Enamorado, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Miguel Calvo-Rubio, Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Reyes, Nathan L. Price, Ana Belen Cortes-Rodriguez, Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Aguilera, Sandra Rodriguez-Lopez, Sarah J. Mitchell, Kelsey N. Murt, Krystle Kalafut, Katrina M. Williams, Christopher W. Ward, Joseph P. Stains, Gloria Brea-Calvo, Jose M. Villalba, Sonia Cortassa, Miguel A. Aon, Rafael de Cabo
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different exercise training modalities on skeletal muscle adaptation in adult and old mice. The results show that moderate intensity continuous training leads to improvements in body composition, blood glucose, and muscle strength in old mice, while the effects of high-intensity intermittent training are less clear. The study also reveals structural and functional adaptations in skeletal muscle in response to exercise training, as well as age-dependent metabolic remodeling. These findings highlight the importance of tailored exercise prescription for improving health and mitigating age-related muscle strength and function loss in the elderly.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Alexander Joseph Jones, Vincent J. Campiti, Mohamedkazim Alwani, Leah J. Novinger, Brady Jay Tucker, Andrea Bonetto, Jessica A. Yesensky, Michael W. Sim, Michael G. Moore, Avinash V. Mantravadi
Summary: The study aimed to determine if sarcopenia is a predictor of blood transfusion requirements in head and neck cancer free flap reconstruction. Results showed that sarcopenia, comorbidity severity, preoperative hemoglobin level, operative time, and estimated blood loss were independent predictors of intraoperative transfusion requirements. Postoperative transfusions were mainly associated with major complications.
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siew Chin Chan, Chih-Wei Tung, Chia-Wei Lin, Yun-Shiuan Tung, Po-Min Wu, Pei-Hsun Cheng, Chuan-Mu Chen, Shang-Hsun Yang
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyuan Liu, Meiling Tan, Jiangxue Cai, Chenxuan Li, Miaoxin Yang, Xiaoxiao Sun, Bin He
Summary: This study reveals that the antibiotic doxycycline effectively inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by targeting mitochondrial translation and mtDNA synthesis, offering potential for the treatment of NLRP3-related diseases.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Liu, Nana Li, Ge Kuang, Xia Gong, Ting Wang, Jun Hu, Hui Du, Minxuan Zhong, Jiashi Guo, Yao Xie, Yang Xiang, Shengwang Wu, Yiling Yuan, Xinru Yin, Jingyuan Wan, Ke Li
Summary: Protectin D1 (PTD1) improves hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a NASH mouse model by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling pathway, possibly through upregulation of IRAK-M expression, suggesting a potential new treatment for NASH.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)