Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rebekah J. Stewart, Kala M. Raz, Scott P. Burns, J. Steve Kammerer, Maryam B. Haddad, Benjamin J. Silk, Jonathan M. Wortham
Summary: This study aimed to understand the frequency, magnitude, geography, and characteristics of tuberculosis outbreaks in US state prisons. The results showed that during 2011 to 2019, only Alabama and Texas reported tuberculosis outbreaks, with ongoing transmission in Texas state prisons in 2019.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Laura E. Nabarro, Colin S. Brown, Sooria Balasegaram, Valerie Decraene, James Elston, Smita Kapadia, Pauline Harrington, Peter Hoffman, Rachel Mearkle, Bharat Patel, Derren Ready, Esther Robinson, Theresa Lamagni
Summary: This article describes 10 outbreaks associated with home healthcare in England during 2018-2019. These outbreaks resulted in 96 cases of infection and 28 deaths, with varying durations and intervals between cases. The identification and control of these outbreaks required multiple interventions, and the transmission routes and effective interventions are still unclear.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Reprint
Surgery
Michele C. Hlavsa, Samaria K. Aluko, Allison D. Miller, John Person, Megan E. Gerdes, Sooji Lee, Joseph P. Laco, Elizabeth J. Hannapel, Vincent R. Hill
Summary: This article discusses 208 outbreaks of recreational water-related illnesses in the U.S., with the majority being caused by Cryptosporidium or Legionella infections and mostly occurring in the summer months. 13 deaths were reported, all attributed to Legionella infection, highlighting the potential risks associated with public recreational water.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paulina Cwik, Renee A. McPherson, Michael B. Richman, Andrew E. Mercer
Summary: This study supports research on large-scale atmospheric patterns and the variability of tornado outbreaks. Using rotated principal component analysis, synoptic-scale patterns associated with tornado outbreaks in the United States were identified. The analysis revealed three main atmospheric patterns and showed that the geographic location of major May tornado outbreaks exhibits cyclical variability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Wang, Zhenhui Xu, Qiang Gao
Summary: A total of 57 varicella outbreaks were reported in Huangpu District, Shanghai, from 2011 to 2020, with 52.6% of outbreaks occurring in primary schools. The trend of varicella outbreaks showed an upward trend during the study period, with emergency vaccination in 73.7% of outbreaks influencing the duration of the epidemic.
Article
Immunology
Jessica C. Chen, Kane Patel, Peyton A. Smith, Eshaw Vidyaprakash, Caroline Snyder, Kaitlin A. Tagg, Hattie E. Webb, Morgan N. Schroeder, Lee S. Katz, Lori A. Rowe, Dakota Howard, Taylor Griswold, Rebecca L. Lindsey, Heather A. Carleton
Summary: Genomic analysis reveals that the emergence of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain associated with leafy greens outbreaks can be traced back to late 2015. One specific clade shows unique genomic features and a previously identified mutation that may be related to increased tolerance to arsenic. This strain is persistent, recurring, or emerging, causing illness over an extended period.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Seyed M. Moghadas, Thomas N. Vilches, Kevin Zhang, Chad R. Wells, Affan Shoukat, Burton H. Singer, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Joanne M. Langley, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Alison P. Galvani
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of a 2-dose COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the United States on reducing the incidence, hospitalizations, and deaths. Results showed that vaccination significantly reduced the overall attack rate, with the greatest reduction observed in individuals aged 65 and older. Additionally, vaccination markedly decreased the risk of non-ICU hospitalizations, ICU hospitalizations, and deaths.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jessica Leung, Adriana S. Lopez, Mona Marin
Summary: This article describes the changing epidemiology of varicella outbreaks in the United States, using data from 1995 to 2019. The introduction of one-dose and two-dose varicella vaccination programs significantly reduced the number, size, and duration of outbreaks. However, there are still cases of varicella outbreaks among unvaccinated or partially vaccinated individuals, highlighting the need for further control measures.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Megan Swanson, Amy Pickrel, John Williamson, Susan Montgomery
Summary: This report reveals a significant increase in babesiosis incidence in the northeastern states of the United States from 2011 to 2019. In addition to the known endemic areas, three states (Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont) that were not considered to have endemic transmission also experienced a significant increase in incidence, with case counts similar to or higher than the seven known endemic states. Public health practice should focus on strengthening tick prevention messaging, provider education, and traveler risk awareness.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hilary K. Whitham, Preethi Sundararaman, Daniel Dewey-Mattia, Karunya Manikonda, Katherine E. Marshall, Patricia M. Griffin, Brigette L. Gleason, Sanjana Subramhanya, Samuel J. Crowe
Summary: The study identified 28 novel food vehicles linked to outbreaks, including fish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables, with one third being imported. Outbreaks associated with novel food vehicles were more likely to span multiple states, result in food recalls, and have higher numbers of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths compared to other outbreaks.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Megan G. Hofmeister, Hepatitis A Mortality Investigators
Summary: Hepatitis A is a preventable disease through vaccination, but recent outbreaks in multiple states in the US have resulted in a significant increase in hepatitis A-related deaths. Most of the deaths occurred among males and non-Hispanic White individuals, and a majority of the deceased had indications for vaccination but lacked evidence of previous vaccination. Increasing vaccination coverage among high-risk individuals is crucial to preventing future hepatitis A-related deaths.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Megan G. Hofmeister, Jian Xing, Monique A. Foster, Ryan J. Augustine, Cole Burkholder, Jim Collins, Shannon McBee, Erica D. Thomasson, Douglas Thoroughman, Mark K. Weng, Philip R. Spradling
Summary: This study analyzed the outbreak of hepatitis A and found a significant increase in hospitalization rate compared to historical data; factors such as residence, sexual orientation, drug use, homelessness were associated with hospitalization. The findings support the recommendation to vaccinate all persons who use drugs, men who have sex with men, and persons experiencing homelessness against hepatitis A.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kaitlin Benedict, Ian Hennessee, Jeremy A. W. Gold, Dallas J. Smith, Samantha Williams, Mitsuru Toda
Summary: This study analyzed blastomycosis-associated hospitalizations in the United States from 2010 to 2020. The results showed a relatively low hospitalization rate with no apparent temporal trend, but higher rates among individuals aged 65 and older and males. The in-hospital death rate increased during this period and was associated with age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignancy.
Article
Agronomy
Winnie Gimode, Kan Bao, Zhangjun Fei, Cecilia McGregor
Summary: The study identified QTLs associated with gummy stem blight resistance in a watermelon population and developed markers for efficient introgression of the resistance loci, providing a new approach for breeding GSB-resistant watermelon cultivars.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Amanda Okello, Ruiguang Song, H. Irene Hall, Andre Dailey, Anna Satcher Johnson
Summary: Assessing mobility among people with HIV is vital for understanding HIV incidence, prevalence, and care continuum in the US. This study found higher migration rates among people with HIV compared to the general population, with factors such as age, sex, and transmission category influencing migration. HIV-positive individuals who migrated were more likely to receive medical care and achieve viral suppression.
PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
(2023)