Article
Food Science & Technology
Estefania Novoa Rama, Matthew Bailey, Sanjay Kumar, Cortney Leone, Henk C. den Bakker, Harshavardhan Thippareddi, Manpreet Singh
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in conventional and no antibiotics ever (NAE) broiler farms. The study found that conventional farms had higher prevalence of Salmonella and exhibited frequent antimicrobial resistance. Salmonella isolates from NAE broiler farms showed higher rates of antimicrobial resistance compared to conventionally raised chicken.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maryam Ansari-Lari, Saeid Hosseinzadeh, Mojgan Manzari, Saeed Khaledian
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in broiler chicken farms in Shiraz, southern Iran, and found high infection rates at both farm and flock levels. The results indicated that farm size, stocking density, and antibiotic use were important factors influencing Salmonella infection, emphasizing the importance of proper management practices in controlling Salmonella contamination.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Courtney A. Fancher, Hudson T. Thames, Mary G. Colvin, Li Zhang, Nikhil Nuthalapati, Aaron Kiess, Thu T. N. Dinh, Anuraj T. Sukumaran
Summary: Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of necrotic enteritis and gangrenous dermatitis, which pose significant economic and welfare concerns to the broiler industry. The shift to no antibiotics ever (NAE) production has led to an increase in the incidence of Clostridium-related diseases. More extensive studies are needed to assess the prevalence and virulence of C. perfringens in NAE farms.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hudson T. Thames, Courtney A. Fancher, Mary G. Colvin, Mika McAnally, Emily Tucker, Li Zhang, Aaron S. Kiess, Thu T. N. Dinh, Anuraj T. Sukumaran
Summary: Salmonella and Campylobacter are common foodborne pathogens found in poultry meat. Despite efforts to reduce their prevalence during poultry processing, they still persist in retail broiler meat. This study evaluated the efficacy of peracetic acid antimicrobial interventions in reducing these pathogens. The findings suggest that antimicrobial spray cabinets have little effect, while the use of peracetic acid in carcass chilling tanks is the most effective intervention. Cross-contamination during second processing and mechanically deboned meat production remains a significant source of contamination.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Kate Newton, Susan M. Withenshaw, Shaun A. Cawthraw, Rob Davies
Summary: This study investigated Salmonella contamination and control on broiler farms in Great Britain, identifying external areas as the main source of Salmonella and successful elimination inside affected houses, especially for regulated serovars and high priority strains. Risk factor analysis indicated that types of flooring around poultry houses and farm capacity were associated with higher odds of testing positive for Salmonella, providing insight into practical targets for Salmonella control on broiler farms in GB.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Roy Rodriguez-Hernandez, Johan F. Bernal, Jimmy F. Cifuentes, Luz Clemencia Fandino, Maria P. Herrera-Sanchez, Iang Rondon-Barragan, Noel Verjan Garcia
Summary: Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen that affects animals and humans worldwide. The prevalence of Salmonella in broiler farms was 26.67%, with all isolates belonging to the serovar Salmonella Paratyphi B. The presence of Salmonella Paratyphi B in the poultry chain in the Tolima region highlights the need for further studies to identify its main source.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Claire E. Oastler, Christopher Nichols, Kate Newton, Shaun Cawthraw, Rebecca J. Gosling, Francesca Martelli, Andrew D. Wales, Robert H. Davies
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in commercial hatcheries in Great Britain and assessed the effectiveness of providing advice on Salmonella control. The study found low-level contamination of Salmonella in some hatcheries, with certain areas being more contaminated than others. It was also shown that significant reductions in prevalence can be achieved through improvements in biosecurity, cleaning, and disinfection.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Danish J. Malik, Pablo Catala-Gregori, Clara Marin, Sandra Sevilla-Navarro
Summary: This study demonstrates that microencapsulation of bacteriophages can enable targeted delivery to the gut and cecum of animals, providing a promising method to control Salmonella in poultry at any time during the rearing period.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Niamh Caffrey, Agnes Agunos, Sheryl Gow, Karen Liljebjelke, Chunu Mainali, Sylvia L. Checkley
Summary: The study utilized data from the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) to compare the prevalence of Salmonella serovars between broiler chicken and turkey flocks in Canada, and to understand the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials important for human health.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
H. Zeng, K. De Reu, S. Gabriel, W. Mattheus, L. De Zutter, G. Rasschaert
Summary: The study in 5 Belgian poultry slaughterhouses found that Salmonella was still present on the slaughter line despite cleaning and disinfection, with contamination found in neck skin and thigh samples. The most common serovar was Salmonella Infantis. Contamination sources included incorrect negative status of flocks and cross-contamination from previous slaughters.
Article
Microbiology
Meghan Maguire, Anisa S. Khan, Abiodun A. Adesiyun, Karla Georges, Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona
Summary: In this study, long and short-read sequencing were used to close genomes of eight multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica, which were isolated from broiler chicken farms and processing plants in Trinidad and Tobago. The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in these strains, highlighting the importance of genome sequencing for source tracking and outbreak investigations.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Laura Montoro-Dasi, Laura Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Ana Marco-Fuertes, Santiago Vega, Clara Marin
Summary: Salmonella spp. is a major pathogen globally known to cause acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans through the consumption of animal-derived products. Salmonella Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and its monophasic variant are the primary serovars responsible for human disease. However, a serovar called S. Infantis has emerged as the fourth most prevalent serovar associated with human disease. This serovar is strongly linked to elevated antimicrobial resistance, including resistance to last-resort antibiotics, enhanced virulence, and ability to form biofilms and attach to host cells.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Abdurrahman Hassan Jibril, Iruka N. Okeke, Anders Dalsgaard, John Elmerdahl Olsen
Summary: The study revealed high levels of antimicrobial usage, including critically important antimicrobials, in poultry farms in Northwest Nigeria, which correlated with high levels of resistance in Salmonella isolates. Specifically, backyard-raised chickens consumed higher amounts of antimicrobials compared to other systems, and there was a strong correlation between farm usage and resistance levels of the isolates. Communication of prudent antimicrobial use to farmers and regulation to reduce antimicrobial usage should be prioritized.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Huiwen Wang, Li Zhang, Liu Cao, Ximin Zeng, Barbara Gillespie, Jun Lin
Summary: This study found that Escherichia albertii is prevalent in chicken farms in the United States, displaying various antibiotic resistance and showing close evolutionary relationships with human strains. The findings highlight the importance of preventing and controlling E. albertii in poultry production.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amrit Pal, Alexandra P. Jackson, Andrea Urrutia, Kenneth S. Macklin, Stuart B. Price, Richard Jeff Buhr, Dianna Bourassa
Summary: This study evaluated the bacteria levels in settled dust during the growout of broilers and found that the levels can fluctuate and Salmonella may be present in the dust.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca M. Vearing, Kathryn H. Hart, Andrea L. Darling, Yasmine Probst, Aminat S. Olayinka, Jeewaka Mendis, Helena Ribeiro, Siddhartha Thakur, Marcela Mendes, Karen Charlton, Susan A. Lanham-New
Summary: The review found that African-Caribbean populations at lower latitudes have higher levels of vitamin D, while those at higher latitudes tend to have deficiencies and inadequate dietary intake of vitamin D.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
N. A. Atlaw, S. Keelara, M. Correa, D. Foster, W. Gebreyes, A. Aidara-Kane, L. Harden, S. Thakur, P. J. Fedorka-Cray
Summary: This study investigates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of ESBL E. coli and Salmonella in sheep and their abattoir environment in North Carolina. The results show that the prevalence of ESBL E. coli and Salmonella is significantly higher in environmental samples compared to sheep samples. The majority of ESBL E. coli isolates are multidrug-resistant. Salmonella isolates have various serotypes, with Agona and Typhimurium being the most common. The co-existence of ESBL E. coli is associated with increased resistance of Salmonella to multiple antibiotics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Arnoud H. M. van Vliet, Siddhartha Thakur, Joaquin M. Prada, Jai W. Mehat, Roberto M. La Ragione
Summary: This study compared the prevalence and trends of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter isolated in the UK and US between 2001 and 2018 through genome sequencing analysis. The results showed significant differences in AMR prevalence between the two countries, suggesting that antimicrobial stewardship and restricted antibiotic usage may help contain the further expansion of AMR but are unlikely to reduce it in the short term.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Kimminau, T. P. Karnezos, R. D. Berghaus, M. Jones, J. A. Baxter, C. L. Hofacre
Summary: Effective mitigation strategies are essential in poultry production to reduce the risk of pathogen contamination. A study evaluating the use of medium chain fatty acid feed additive in commercial layer hens showed a reduction in Salmonella Enteritidis infection in the ceca, highlighting the potential benefits of targeted additives in food safety programs.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Danielle G. Creamer, Chad W. Schmiedt, Anna Claire Bullington, Courtney M. Caster, Jennifer M. Schmiedt, David J. Hurley, Roy D. Berghaus
Summary: The study found no significant differences in gene expression of certain cytokines between MSCs from healthy cats and cats with CKD. However, there were altered cytokine gene expressions after exposure to certain drug treatments or microbial ligands in both healthy and CKD affected cats, suggesting that feline MSCs may function differently in response to immunosuppressive treatments or infections. More research is needed to understand the effects of diseases and therapies on the use of cell-based therapies in feline patients.
JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yakhya Dieye, Dawn M. Hull, Abdoul Aziz Wane, Lyndy Harden, Cheikh Fall, Bissoume Sambe-Ba, Abdoulaye Seck, Paula J. Fedorka-Cray, Siddhartha Thakur
Summary: Salmonella enterica is a common foodborne pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and invasive infections. Invasive salmonellosis is more prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. A study found that Salmonella strains in Senegal exhibited resistance to commonly-used antibiotics, highlighting the need for monitoring and appropriate antimicrobial usage.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ayanna Glaize, Dawn Hull, Luke Raymond, Arnoud H. M. van Vliet, Eduardo Gutierrez-Rodriguez, Siddhartha Thakur
Summary: This study utilized whole genome sequencing to characterize antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in Salmonella and E. coli isolates from small-scale dairy and poultry farms in North Carolina. The findings highlighted the significance of vegetative buffer zones in reducing the transmission of enteric pathogens in agricultural systems.
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Roy D. Berghaus, Virginia A. Baxter, Matthew K. Jones, Charles L. Hofacre
Summary: Floor pen trials are an effective method for evaluating Salmonella control interventions in broiler chickens. This study estimated the range and median of intra-cluster correlation (ICC) using data from 40 pen trials, and found that pen-level clustering has a significant impact on the trials.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dawn M. Hull, Erin Harrell, Lyndy Harden, Siddhartha Thakur
Summary: Salmonellosis cases attributed to food as a vehicle of exposure are a significant public health issue, particularly in the consumption of meat, poultry, and egg products. Salmonella vaccination programs in the U.S. have effectively reduced the prevalence of common serotypes and shown cross-immunity. This study investigates the molecular characteristics, antimicrobial resistance profiles, virulence, and phylogeny of Salmonella at different stages of food processing, highlighting the role of mobile genetic elements in pathogen fitness and the dissemination of virulence factors and resistance genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Ciera N. Morris, Holly D. Gaff, Roy D. Berghaus, C. Morgan Wilson, Elizabeth R. Gleim
Summary: A comparative phenological study was conducted in Virginia to understand tick ecology and the increasing incidence of Lyme disease. The study found that Ixodes scapularis from the northeastern United States may be migrating into western Virginia, contributing to the higher incidence of Lyme disease in the region.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
E. A. Kimminau, T. P. Karnezos, K. N. Russo, J. A. Baxter, R. D. Berghaus, M. Jones, C. L. Hofacre
Summary: The study found that dietary bacteriophages do not interfere with the colonization or protection provided by the live Salmonella vaccine. There were no significant differences in Salmonella prevalence in cloacal swabs and cecal cultures among all treatment groups, but T2 and T3 had lower mortality and feed conversion ratio compared to T1.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nubwa Medugu, Mabel Kamweli Aworh, Kenneth Iregbu, Philip Nwajiobi-Princewill, Khadija Abdulraheem, Dawn M. Hull, Lyndy Harden, Pallavi Singh, Stephen Obaro, Abiodun Egwuenu, Siddhartha Thakur
Summary: This study described the molecular characteristics of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens in a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria, and the patients' outcomes. The majority of isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics, especially ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The ST410 and ST101 strains displayed a higher number of antibiotic resistance genes and were phenotypically resistant to a wider array of antibiotics. The circulation of these multi-drug resistant E. coli lineages poses a significant clinical and public health threat, emphasizing the importance of continuous surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship programs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shenia R. Young, Kelly J. Domesle, Ryan C. McDonald, Kristen A. Lozinak, Pongpan Laksanalamai, Erin Harrell, Siddhartha Thakur, Claudine Kabera, Errol A. Strain, Patrick F. McDermott, Beilei Ge
Summary: The study evaluated a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid screening of Salmonella. The results showed 100% sensitivity for LAMP compared to culture, and the method was found to streamline the laboratory workflow.
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Grayson K. Walker, Lyndy Harden, M. Mitsu Suyemoto, Siddhartha Thakur, Megan Jacob, Luke B. Borst
Summary: Coinfections by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and Enterococcus faecalis in poultry with colisepticemia are increasing. Here, we report draft genome sequences of 18 APEC and 18 E. faecalis strains coisolated from lesions of diseased poultry.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Grayson K. Walker, Lyndy Harden, M. Mitsu Suyemoto, Siddhartha Thakur, Megan Jacob, Luke B. Borst
Summary: Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. are frequently found together in urine cultures of dogs with urinary tract infections. Enterococcus enhances uropathogenic E. coli in polymicrobial UTIs. We report the draft genome sequences of 12 UPEC co-isolated with Enterococcus spp. from canine urinary tract infections.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
