Article
Food Science & Technology
Cinthia de Carvalho Couto, Otniel Freitas-Silva, Edna Maria Morais Oliveira, Clara Sousa, Susana Casal
Summary: In this study, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics were successfully used to detect common adulterants in roasted ground arabica coffee. The technique could discriminate pure samples from adulterated ones, including single and multiple adulterations. Additionally, NIR spectroscopy showed potential for geographical discrimination of arabica coffees.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Arian Amirvaresi, Nastaran Nikounezhad, Maryam Amirahmadi, Bahram Daraei, Hadi Parastar
Summary: The study found that NIR spectroscopy is more effective than MIR in predicting the origin of saffron samples, while PLS-DA shows high accuracy in detecting adulterants, with NIR demonstrating excellent performance in estimating the level of adulteration.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Delrue, Sander De Bruyne, Marijn M. Speeckaert
Summary: Traditional renal biomarkers are insensitive for early detection of kidney disease. Infrared spectroscopy offers a label-free and non-destructive method for quick and inexpensive diagnosis of kidney disorders. This review provides an overview of the applications of near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy in patients with acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rafael C. Castro, David S. M. Ribeiro, Joao L. M. Santos, Ricardo N. M. J. Pascoa
Summary: The study demonstrated the successful use of NIR spectroscopy coupled with MCR-ALS for the simultaneous identification and quantification of four common adulterants in saffron samples. The results showed the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach in complex mixtures and at low levels. It was the first time that NIR spectroscopy and MCR-ALS were used together to identify and quantify multiple adulterants in saffron samples.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ke Yang, Changqing An, Jieliang Zhu, Wenchuan Guo, Chang Lu, Xinhua Zhu
Summary: This study compared the performance of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and dielectric spectroscopy (DS) in quantitatively predicting the content of mature milk as an adulterant in bovine colostrum. The results showed that DS had better identification performance, providing important insights for the quantitative prediction of nonhomogeneous liquid food.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Jun Yang, Chunling Yin, Xu Miao, Xiangru Meng, Zhimin Liu, Leqian Hu
Summary: The study demonstrated the use of DRIFTS technology and chemometrics to detect Radix Astragali adulteration, showing effective distinction of adulteration levels. PLS-DA and LDA-KNN were the best classification methods with high accuracy rates.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Muna E. Raypah, Loh Jing Zhi, Lim Zi Loon, Ahmad Fairuz Omar
Summary: This study introduces a method that combines near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with chemometrics to evaluate adulteration levels in stingless bee honey. By analyzing the spectral region of the honey, chemometric tools can effectively discriminate and quantify adulterated honey.
CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Belen Nieto-Ortega, Juan-Jose Arroyo, Carrie Walk, Natalia Castanares, Estel Canet, Adam Smith
Summary: This study found that near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technology can accurately predict the composition of cereal grains, including non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), monosaccharide sugars, lignin, cellulose, and total starch content. It also showed the relationship between NIR and the digestibility of starch fractions in the grains for the first time.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rafael C. Castro, David S. M. Ribeiro, Joao L. M. Santos, Ricardo N. M. J. Pascoa
Summary: This study focused on the application of vibrational spectroscopic techniques for the analysis of adulterants in peanut oil. The qualitative analysis showed that MCR-ALS accurately identified all adulterants, while the quantitative analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of both MCR-ALS and PLS in quantifying the adulterants, confirming the feasibility of using these methods in peanut oil.
Article
Spectroscopy
Xuefen Sun, Huiling Li, Yuan Yi, Haimin Hua, Ying Guan, Chao Chen
Summary: This study successfully explored the feasibility of detecting and quantifying cheap adulterants in Chinese functional food using NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics methods. Discriminative and quantitative models were established to distinguish and determine the content of adulterants, with model quality evaluated through various validation methods. The results indicated the robustness and applicability of the method for rapid detection of adulteration in herbal plants or functional foods.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Xin Zhao, Chunhua Li, Zhilei Zhao, Guangchen Wu, Liya Xia, Hongzhe Jiang, Tingxin Wang, Xuan Chu, Jia Liu
Summary: Research has shown that near-infrared hyperspectral imaging is effective for detecting milk powder adulteration. This study focused on developing generic models to detect vanillin and melamine in infant formulas from diverse brands. Various pretreatment algorithms and statistical analysis methods were applied to establish the detection models.
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chengxiang Zhao, Tongtong Wang, Furong Chen, Yongyue Sun, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, a C-13 NMR method was developed for the detection of non-protein nitrogen adulteration in animal feed. The method showed a good distinction between non-protein nitrogen and authentic protein based on the chemical shifts of characteristic peaks. It provided a simple, rapid, and accurate detection approach without the need for strict impurity removal.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wenting Liang, Zhuozhuo Zhu, Biao Yang, Xinhua Zhu, Wenchuan Guo
Summary: This study demonstrated that through the use of near-infrared transmission spectroscopy, it is possible to identify raw milk with melamine contents exceeding the 1 mg/kg limit, providing technical support and effective information for the development of portable instruments for on-site detection of melamine-adulterated raw milk.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Shanqi Xu, Jie Zhang, Yin Zhang, Wei Zhu, Anping Wang, Shuxian Zhuang
Summary: A novel, eco-friendly yellow mixed oxide inorganic pigment composed of Bi2O3-ZnO-CaO was successfully synthesized using a solid-state reaction. The pigment showed light yellow color and was rare earth-free, with good chemical stability. It exhibited superior near-infrared solar reflectance and thermal insulation performance, making it suitable for energy-saving applications in building coatings.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yinghui Chai, Yue Yu, Hui Zhu, Zhanming Li, Hao Dong, Hongshun Yang
Summary: This article introduces a method based on NIRS and chemometrics for identifying the adulteration of common buckwheat flour in Tartary buckwheat flour. The results of the study show that this method has good predictive performance and applicability.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shiva Kant, Pravin Kesarwani, Anthony R. Guastella, Praveen Kumar, Stewart F. Graham, Katie L. Buelow, Ichiro Nakano, Prakash Chinnaiyan
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Claire McVey, Terry F. McGrath, Simon A. Haughey, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: This study evaluated the use of a handheld near infrared spectroscopy device for determining oregano authenticity, achieving high prediction accuracy for both authentic oregano and adulterants. The research showed that the device could potentially be a cost-effective and reliable tool in detecting food fraud and monitoring food authenticity throughout the supply chain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peipei Li, Bryan A. Killinger, Elizabeth Ensink, Ian Beddows, Ali Yilmaz, Noah Lubben, Jared Lamp, Meghan Schilthuis, Irving E. Vega, Randy Woltjer, J. Andrew Pospisilik, Patrik Brundin, Lena Brundin, Stewart F. Graham, Viviane Labrie
Summary: The gut microbiome can impact brain health and is altered in Parkinson's disease. The vermiform appendix, a lymphoid tissue in the cecum, is implicated in the storage and regulation of the gut microbiota. Changes in the appendix microbiome in PD patients include dysbiosis affecting lipid metabolism and an increase in toxic bile acids.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Kelsey Robson, Moira Dean, Simon Haughey, Christopher Elliott
Summary: With ambiguous definitions and lack of specific guidance on food fraud in the food industry, there are challenges in understanding and preventing it effectively. The lack of clarity has resulted in varying definitions and a gap in knowledge regarding prevention and mitigation strategies. Further research and collaboration are needed to establish common practices and address the issue of food fraud comprehensively.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Simon A. Haughey, Olivier P. Chevallier, Claire McVey, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: In 2019, Uganda experienced a series of food poisoning events and deaths due to the presence of Tropane alkaloids, atropine and scopolamine, in the Super Cereal. The investigation revealed that the alkaloids were present because Datura seeds were incorporated during production of the Super Cereal, with all outbreaks caused by a single batch of the product.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Pamela Galvin-King, Simon A. Haughey, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: The study developed an adulteration detection method using NIR and FTIR technologies, successfully differentiating garlic from adulterants. Following validation, these methods showed high accuracy in detecting adulteration in unknown garlic samples, aiding in protecting the spice industry from fraud.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Perry Friedman, Ali Yilmaz, Zafer Ugur, Faryal Jafar, Amy Whitten, Ilyas Ustun, Onur Turkoglu, Stewart Graham, Ray Bahado Singh
Summary: This study aimed to identify maternal urine metabolomic biomarkers during the second and third trimester for detecting fetal congenital heart defects. Results showed significant alterations in metabolite concentrations in pregnancies with CHDs, with methionine being the most significantly altered. A predictive algorithm combining metabolites and US four-chamber view achieved high sensitivity and specificity in detecting isolated CHDs. The dysregulation of lipid- and folate metabolism in CHD pregnancies supports existing data on the mechanism of CHDs.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claire McVey, Una Gordon, Simon A. Haughey, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: The performance of three near-infrared spectroscopy instruments was compared for the investigation of coriander seed authenticity. Chemometric modeling and regression analysis were used to determine their predictive capabilities and quantitative tools. Results showed all instruments correctly predicted adulterated samples, with the iS50 performing better than the other two instruments in the best models.
Article
Cell Biology
Sumeyya Akyol, Zafer Ugur, Ali Yilmaz, Ilyas Ustun, Santosh Kapil Kumar Gorti, Kyungjoon Oh, Bernadette McGuinness, Peter Passmore, Patrick G. Kehoe, Michael E. Maddens, Brian D. Green, Stewart F. Graham
Summary: The study compared the lipid metabolism profiles of postmortem human brains with different levels of Alzheimer's disease pathology. Significant differences were found in the concentrations of various lipid metabolites between Alzheimer's disease brains and controls, highlighting the potential of lipidomics in understanding disease etiology and identifying early diagnostic biomarkers.
Article
Cell Biology
Ray O. Bahado-Singh, Uppala Radhakrishna, Juozas Gordevicius, Buket Aydas, Ali Yilmaz, Faryal Jafar, Khaled Imam, Michael Maddens, Kshetra Challapalli, Raghu P. Metpally, Wade H. Berrettini, Richard C. Crist, Stewart F. Graham, Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah
Summary: This study utilized circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to analyze DNA methylation and discovered numerous epigenetically altered genes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, which were consistent with previously reported differentially expressed genes in the brain. High predictive accuracy was achieved in diagnosing AD using artificial intelligence algorithms. Furthermore, enrichment analysis shed light on the pathogenesis of AD.
Review
Water Resources
Patricia Kubiak-Hardiman, Simon A. Haughey, Julie Meneely, Sarah Miller, Kaushik Banerjee, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: With the global population expansion and climate change, the use of pesticides needs to increase to ensure the economic viability of agricultural production. However, discrepancies in pesticide regulations across different countries cause trade issues and pose threats to consumer health, especially when developing countries use banned pesticides.
EXPOSURE AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrew D. Turner, Karl J. Dean, Monika Dhanji-Rapkova, Sonia Dall'Ara, Florella Pino, Claire McVey, Simon Haughey, Natasha Logan, Christopher Elliott, Ana Gago-Martinez, Jose Manuel Leao, Jorge Giraldez, Ryan Gibbs, Krista Thomas, Ruth Perez-Calderon, Dermot Faulkner, Hugh McEneny, Veronique Savar, Damien Reveillon, Philipp Hess, Fabiola Arevalo, J. Pablo Lamas, Eva Cagide, Mercedes Alvarez, Alvaro Antelo, Mirjam D. Klijnstra, Michalina Oplatowska-Stachowiak, Tim Kleintjens, Nermin Sajic, Michael J. Boundy, Benjamin H. Maskrey, D. Tim Harwood, Jesus M. Gonzalez Jartin, Amparo Alfonso, Luis Botana
Summary: Through interlaboratory assessment, it was found that the current methods of quantifying TTX in shellfish using chemical and immunoassay methods showed good sensitivity, recovery, and repeatability. The results demonstrated that LC-MS/MS methods and ELISA are capable of sensitive, accurate, and reproducible TTX quantitation in shellfish.
JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ray O. O. Bahado-Singh, Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah, Onur Turkoglu, Stewart F. F. Graham, Uppala Radhakrishna
Summary: Precision neurology combines high-throughput technologies and statistical modeling to identify novel disease pathways and predictive biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes are major regulators of cholesterol, sex hormone, and xenobiotic metabolism, and they could play important roles in neurodegenerative disorders. Epigenetic factors contribute to AD development. We evaluated cytosine ('CpG')-based DNA methylation changes in AD using circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and identified differentially methylated CpG sites within the CYP genes. CYP biomarkers achieved high accuracy in predicting AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hossein Kashani Zadeh, Mike Hardy, Mitchell Sueker, Yicong Li, Angelis Tzouchas, Nicholas MacKinnon, Gregory Bearman, Simon A. Haughey, Alireza Akhbardeh, Insuck Baek, Chansong Hwang, Jianwei Qin, Amanda M. Tabb, Rosalee S. Hellberg, Shereen Ismail, Hassan Reza, Fartash Vasefi, Moon Kim, Kouhyar Tavakolian, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: This study aims to develop a handheld multimode spectroscopic system for fish quality assessment that is fast, non-destructive, and easy-to-use. Data fusion of visible near infra-red (VIS-NIR) and short wave infra-red (SWIR) reflectance and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy is applied to classify fish freshness. The study shows that multi-mode spectroscopy achieves 95% accuracy, improving the accuracies of single-mode spectroscopies by 26, 10, and 9% respectively.
Article
Philosophy
Patrick Frierson
Summary: Montessori's moral theory emphasizes the importance of individual character and how respect for others can enhance personal character, while social solidarity goes beyond cooperation. By focusing on children's ethical lives, she highlights that moral virtues all start as non-reflective and embodied orientations of action.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Graca Dias, Elsa Vasco, Francisco Ravasco, Lufsa Oliveira
Summary: This study estimated the vitamin D intake of "adults" and "elderly" populations in Portugal using the TDS methodology. The results showed that the majority of people had inadequate vitamin D intake, well below the Dietary Reference Values.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yanan Wang, Jiachen Shi, Yong-Jiang Xu, Chin-Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu
Summary: This study investigates the variations in lipid digestion profiles among individuals of different ages using in vitro digestion models. The findings suggest that adults have a more comprehensive lipid digestion compared to infants, and infants tend to release shorter chain length and more saturated free fatty acids during digestion. Additionally, the particle sizes in the stomach of the elderly were consistently larger. This study enhances our understanding of how lipids with different degrees of unsaturation undergo digestion in diverse age groups.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hyunjong Yu, Huisu Kim, Pahn-Shick Chang
Summary: Chitosan-pectin emulsion-filled hydrogel (EFH) was developed to enhance the bioaccessibility of lipophilic bioactive compounds through intestinal delivery. The EFH, prepared without crosslinking agents, demonstrated improved mechanical strength and compactness with higher pectin concentration. It retained the emulsion at pH 2.0 and released it at pH 7.4, resulting in enhanced release of free fatty acids and improved bioaccessibility of curcumin.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tongze Zhang, Siqi Hong, Jia-Rong Zhang, Pin-He Liu, Siyi Li, Zixian Wen, Jianwei Xiao, Guirong Zhang, Olivier Habimana, Nagendra P. Shah, Zhongquan Sui, Harold Corke
Summary: Lactic acid fermentation significantly affects the morphology and physicochemical properties of proso millet starch, including the formation of surface indentations and small pores, decrease in gelatinization temperatures, and changes in hardness and adhesiveness.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Liqin Kong, Feng Hong, Peng Luan, Yiping Chen, Yaoze Feng, Ming Zhu
Summary: This study presents a novel impedance biosensor using composite nanomaterials and T1R1 as a signal probe, which can competitively and ultra-sensitively detect umami intensity. The biosensor exhibits exceptional analytical performance and is suitable for food flavor evaluation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kunying Lv, Yixin Yang, Qilong Li, Ran Chen, Liang Deng, Yiwei Zhang, Ning Jiang
Summary: Horse's milk, with its high nutritional value and low allergenic proteins, could be a substitute for cow's milk in infant consumption. A proteomic method was used to identify and compare milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and whey proteins from different horse breeds. The study found differences in protein composition and functionality, which could support the development of formulas more suitable for human infants.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Enrique Jacobo Diaz-Montana, Helene Brignot, Ramon Aparicio-Ruiz, Thierry Thomas- Danguin, Maria Teresa Morales
Summary: Sensory perception of virgin olive oil is influenced by phenols and volatiles, which are affected by the composition of the oil and biological factors. This study investigated the effect of saliva and phenols on the release of volatiles, and found that the presence of phenols decreased the release of saturated volatiles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wei Zhou, Rui Zhang, Zhen Cai, Fangfang Wu, Yong Hu, Chao Huang, Kun Hu, Yun Chen
Summary: Environmentally friendly and outstanding pH-responsive cationic starch nanoparticles (CSNP) were prepared from pH-sensitive starch. CSNP exhibited nanosize and regular sphere, highly free-flowing molecular chains, and demonstrated excellent pH responsiveness through multiple emulsion/demulsification transitions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Andrea Koo, Vinayak Ghate, Weibiao Zhou
Summary: This study suggests that direct seeding may negatively affect the nutritional quality of crops, causing a decrease in ascorbic acid, vitamin K, and total glucosinolate content.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tonghao Du, Yazhou Xu, Xiaoyan Xu, Shijin Xiong, Linli Zhang, Biao Dong, Jinqing Huang, Tao Huang, Muyan Xiao, Tao Xiong, Mingyong Xie
Summary: This study successfully improved the ACE inhibitory activity of black sesame seeds by fermenting them with Lactobacillus Plantarum NCU116 and hydrolyzing them using acid protease. The RF-PSO model was used to predict the ACE inhibitory activity during the hydrolysis process. Eight peptides with ACE inhibitory activity were identified from fermented black sesame seed hydrolysates after separation and screening.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yao Liu, Songyi Lin, Kexin Liu, Shan Wang, Qiaozhen Liu, Na Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the structural changes of shrimp proteins during digestion, predicted the immunodominant epitopes, and validated their allergenicity. The results showed that shrimp proteins were degraded into peptides during digestion, but still carried IgE epitopes that trigger allergic reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tiantian Fu, Hongwei Cao, Yu Zhang, Xiao Guan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of milling on the active components in rice, with a focus on the stability and bioaccessibility of phenols, VB1, and alpha-GABA during cooking and digestion. The findings show that milling exacerbates the instability of gamma-GABA during cooking and VB1 during digestion, and it affects the bioaccessibility of these active compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhihao Yang, Yanru Hou, Min Zhang, Puxin Hou, Chang Liu, Lu Dou, Xiaoyu Chen, Lihua Zhao, Lin Su, Ye Jin
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of feeding regimes on lamb flavor by using TMT labeling combined with MS. The results showed that pasture-fed groups had higher levels of amino acids and volatile flavor substances compared to concentrate-fed groups. Additionally, several differentially abundant proteins associated with lamb flavor were identified.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zixuan Xie, De Zhang, Junyu Zhu, Qianqian Luo, Jun Liu, Jingtao Zhou, Xiaoyong Wang, Yuqiong Chen, Zhi Yu, Dejiang Ni
Summary: This study investigated the acidification of aroma-enhanced black tea during storage. Analysis of non-volatile substances and organic acids using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and HPLC revealed a decrease in soluble sugars and amino acids, while an increase in organic acids such as oxalic acid, malic acid, and quinic acid. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that the acidification is a result of the decomposition of sugars and amino acids by heating, as well as the oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. Additionally, the study showed that the taste composition of tea infusion is altered, with reduced amino acids, catechins, soluble sugars, and flavonoids. This research provides a theoretical basis for improving the quality of black tea.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lin Wang, Falai Ma, Zihan Li, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study developed time-temperature integrators based on amyloglucosidase@Cu3(PO4)2 nanoflowers for monitoring the freshness of chilled pork. The results showed that the integrators were highly reliable and accurate in predicting the quality of chilled pork.
