Review
Clinical Neurology
Brian R. Noga, James D. Guest
Summary: Neuromodulation has shown promise in treating spinal cord injuries, with combined brain and spinal neuromodulation techniques enhancing therapeutic effects. Studies have explored various neuromodulatory methods to improve motor function and neuroplasticity post-SCI, indicating potential clinical applications for DBS of the mesencephalic locomotor region.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Md Akhlasur Rahman, Niraj Singh Tharu, Sylvia M. Gustin, Yong-Ping Zheng, Monzurul Alam
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating injury with severe complications, but recent development of noninvasive electrical neuromodulation treatments offers hope for rehabilitation. Trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) and trans-spinal pulsed current stimulation (tsPCS) have shown promising results in improving sensorimotor and autonomic functions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeonghoon Oh, Alexander G. Steele, Blesson Varghese, Catherine A. Martin, Michelle S. Scheffler, Rachel L. Markley, Yi-Kai Lo, Dimitry G. Sayenko
Summary: Transcutaneous spinal stimulation is a promising method for restoring upper limb function in patients with spinal cord injuries. By selectively stimulating different electrode placements, specific groups of upper limb muscles can be activated. This approach may enhance efficacy and help patients recover more diverse motor activities.
Article
Neurosciences
Santosh Chandrasekaran, Nikunj A. Bhagat, Richard Ramdeo, Sadegh Ebrahimi, Pawan D. Sharma, Doug G. Griffin, Adam Stein, Susan J. Harkema, Chad E. Bouton
Summary: Long-term recovery of limb function is an unmet need in paralysis patients. Both epidural stimulation of the spinal cord and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) have shown promising results in motor control rehabilitation. This study explores the specific effects of tSCS on cervical spinal segments and demonstrates significant improvements in exerted force and tactile sensation in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Chanon Srihagulang, Jirapong Vongsfak, Tanat Vaniyapong, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, characterized by immediate neuronal destruction and secondary brain injury mechanisms. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) shows potential for neuroprotection in TBI through various mechanisms, providing beneficial effects in animal models and patients. Further research is needed to fully understand the therapeutic potential of VNS in treating TBI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Lima, Andreia Monteiro, Antonio J. Salgado, Susana Monteiro, Nuno A. Silva
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that lacks effective treatment options. Recent research has uncovered the complex mechanisms involved in SCI, leading to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan S. Calvert, Megan L. Gill, Margaux B. Linde, Daniel D. Veith, Andrew R. Thoreson, Cesar Lopez, Kendall H. Lee, Yury P. Gerasimenko, Victor R. Edgerton, Igor A. Lavrov, Kristin D. Zhao, Peter J. Grahn, Dimitry G. Sayenko
Summary: Transcutaneous and epidural spinal stimulation have shown promising results in restoring motor function in individuals with spinal cord injury, with differences observed in how different types of SCI patients respond to stimulation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Natalia N. N. Beliaeva, Tatiana R. R. Moshonkina, Oleg V. V. Mamontov, Elena N. N. Zharova, Heber Ivan Condori Leandro, Nigar Z. Z. Gasimova, Evgeny N. N. Mikhaylov
Summary: Orthostatic hypotension is a complex medical problem, and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (t-SCS) may be a potential treatment option. A feasibility study involving three patients with orthostatic hypotension showed that t-SCS led to elevated blood pressure in a supine position. Further investigation on a larger patient population is needed to validate these results.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Noah Bryson, Lorenzo Lombardi, Rachel Hawthorn, Jie Fei, Rodolfo Keesey, J. D. Peiffer, Ismael Seanez
Summary: This study investigated whether muscle recruitment selectivity of individual muscles could be enhanced by multielectrode configurations of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) in neurologically intact individuals. The results showed that multielectrode configurations improved the selectivity and activation of specific muscles, potentially enhancing single-joint movements in neurorehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samineh Mesbah, Tyler Ball, Claudia Angeli, Enrico Rejc, Nicholas Dietz, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Susan Harkema, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: The study showed that in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury, there was a significant correlation between the coverage rate of lumbosacral enlargement by the electrode array and the position of the electrode, and the number of joints moved during voluntary lower limb movements. However, there was no significant correlation between the cross-section area of the spinal cord at C3 or the length of severe myelomalacia and the ability to move the lower limbs voluntarily.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samineh Mesbah, Tyler Ball, Claudia Angeli, Enrico Rejc, Nicholas Dietz, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Susan Harkema, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: The study found that in individuals with clinically motor complete spinal cord injury, the extent of recovery of lower limb voluntary movements with scES is significantly influenced by the percentage of lumbosacral enlargement coverage by the electrode array and the position of the electrode relative to the lumbosacral enlargement and conus tip.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Marangolo, Simona Vasta, Alessio Manfredini, Carlo Caltagirone
Summary: The traditional view of the spinal cord as a bundle of fibers connecting the brain to the body has restricted its study to peripheral sensory and motor control. However, new studies have shown the spinal cord's involvement in motor skill acquisition, cortical neuroplasticity, and modulation of motor and cognitive functions. By activating corticospinal pathways, transpinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) can promote local and cortical neuroplasticity changes, which may have implications for post-stroke recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yilin Pang, Xinjie Liu, Xu Wang, Xuelian Shi, Lei Ma, Yan Zhang, Tiangang Zhou, Chenxi Zhao, Xu Zhang, Baoyou Fan, Jian Hao, Wenxiang Li, Xiaoqing Zhao, Rong Zhang, Songlin Zhou, Xiaohong Kong, Shiqing Feng, Xue Yao
Summary: Edaravone, an FDA-approved drug, has a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury and other central nervous system diseases. It exerts this effect by inhibiting ferroptosis and reducing neuroinflammation. The mechanism may be applicable to other neurological diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuki Suzuki, Shinsuke Nakagawa, Takeshi Endo, Akihito Sotome, Rufei Yuan, Tsuyoshi Asano, Satoko Otsuguro, Katsumi Maenaka, Norimasa Iwasaki, Ken Kadoya
Summary: This study developed a high-throughput screening assay to identify candidate drugs for protecting the blood-brain spinal cord barrier (BBSCB) function, and demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of berberine and mubritinib in a spinal cord injury model.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Masao Koda, Hideki Hanaoka, Yasuhisa Fujii, Michiko Hanawa, Yohei Kawasaki, Yoshihito Ozawa, Tadami Fujiwara, Takeo Furuya, Yasushi Ijima, Junya Saito, Mitsuhiro Kitamura, Takuya Miyamoto, Seiji Ohtori, Yukei Matsumoto, Tetsuya Abe, Hiroshi Takahashi, Kei Watanabe, Toru Hirano, Masayuki Ohashi, Hirokazu Shoji, Tatsuki Mizouchi, Norio Kawahara, Masahito Kawaguchi, Yugo Orita, Takeshi Sasamoto, Masahito Yoshioka, Masafumi Fujii, Katsutaka Yonezawa, Daisuke Soma, Hiroshi Taneichi, Daisaku Takeuchi, Satoshi Inami, Hiroshi Moridaira, Haruki Ueda, Futoshi Asano, Yosuke Shibao, Ikuo Aita, Yosuke Takeuchi, Masaya Mimura, Jun Shimbo, Yukio Someya, Sumio Ikenoue, Hiroaki Sameda, Kan Takase, Yoshikazu Ikeda, Fumitake Nakajima, Mitsuhiro Hashimoto, Fumio Hasue, Takayuki Fujiyoshi, Koshiro Kamiya, Masahiko Watanabe, Hiroyuki Katoh, Yukihiro Matsuyama, Tomohiko Hasegawa, Go Yoshida, Hideyuki Arima, Yu Yamato, Shin Oe, Daisuke Togawa, Sho Kobayashi, Koji Akeda, Eiji Kawamoto, Hiroshi Imai, Toshihiko Sakakibara, Akihiro Sudo, Yasuo Ito, Takeshi Kikuchi, Tomoyuki Takigawa, Takuya Morita, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Kazuyoshi Nakanishi, Naosuke Kamei, Shinji Kotaka, Hideo Baba, Tsuyoshi Okudaira, Hiroaki Konishi, Takayuki Yamaguchi, Keigo Ito, Yoshito Katayama, Taro Matsumoto, Tomohiro Matsumoto, Haruo Kanno, Toshimi Aizawa, Ko Hashimoto, Toshimitsu Eto, Takehiro Sugaya, Michiharu Matsuda, Kazunari Fushimi, Satoshi Nozawa, Chizuo Iwai, Toshihiko Taguchi, Tsukasa Kanchiku, Hidenori Suzuki, Norihiro Nishida, Masahiro Funaba, Takashi Sakai, Yasuaki Imajo, Masashi Yamazaki
Summary: The clinical trial of G-CSF treatment for acute spinal cord injury patients did not show significant primary efficacy, but subanalysis suggested potential benefits for specific populations.