Review
Cell Biology
Letizia Zanetti, Maria Regoni, Elena Ratti, Flavia Valtorta, Jenny Sassone
Summary: AMPARs play essential roles in both postsynaptic plasticity and presynaptic neurotransmitter release modulation. Recent studies suggest that presynaptic AMPARs may contribute to axonal pathology, pain transmission regulation, and auditory system physiology. These findings highlight the potential of presynaptic AMPARs as novel pharmacological targets for various pathological conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Bradley S. Heit, Alex Chu, Abhay Sane, David E. Featherstone, Thomas J. Park, John Larson
Summary: Stroke-induced release of glutamate triggers anoxic depolarization (AD) and rapid cell death. Tonic glutamate, regulated by the system x(c)(-), has a significant effect on the latency of AD events and subsequent tissue damage. Transgenic mice lacking the system x(c)(-) exhibit longer AD latencies and altered depolarizing waves after oxygen deprivation, highlighting the role of ambient glutamate in the pathogenesis of acute stroke.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dana Marafi, Jawid M. Fatih, Rauan Kaiyrzhanov, Matteo P. Ferla, Charul Gijavanekar, Aljazi Al-Maraghi, Ning Liu, Emily Sites, Hessa S. Alsaif, Mohammad Al-Owain, Mohamed Zakkariah, Ehab El-Anany, Ulviyya Guliyeva, Sughra Guliyeva, Colette Gaba, Ateeq Haseeb, Amal M. Alhashem, Enam Danish, Vasiliki Karageorgou, Christian Beetz, Alaa A. Subhi, Sureni Mullegama, Erin Torti, Monisha Sebastin, Margo Sheck Breilyn, Susan Duberstein, Mohamed S. Abdel-Hamid, Tadahiro Mitani, Haowei Du, Jill A. Rosenfeld, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Richard A. Gibbs, Jenny C. Taylor, Khalid A. Fakhro, Jill Hunter, Davut Pehlivan, Maha S. Zaki, Joseph G. Gleeson, Reza Maroofian, Henry Houlden, Jennifer E. Posey, V. Reid Sutton, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Sarah H. Elsea, James R. Lupski
Summary: SLC38A3 is a novel disease gene for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, and the likely pathophysiology of the disease is perturbations in glutamine homeostasis.
Article
Cell Biology
Carla Cristina Miranda Castro, Sayonara Pereira Silva, Livia Nascimento Rabelo, Jose Pablo Goncalves Queiroz, Laura Damasceno Campos, Larissa Camila Silva, Felipe Porto Fiuza
Summary: The study found that there are regional alterations of specific cellular subpopulations in the aging human hippocampus, which are influenced by factors such as age, sex, education years, and the concentration of neuropathological and inflammatory proteins. These findings provide insights into the distinct physiological changes that occur in hippocampal sub-regions and neurotransmitter systems during normal aging.
Article
Cell Biology
Sina Hafizi, Tarek K. Rajji
Summary: This review proposes a conceptual model that links 12 potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia with Excitation-Inhibition (E -I) imbalance. The model aims to address the current knowledge gap and provides a framework for future studies in dementia prevention, discovery of new biomarkers, and development of new interventions.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deepthi Joseph, Smruti Ranjan Nayak, Aravind Penmatsa
Summary: This study investigates the structure and activity of GAT1 by modifying the dopamine transporter in Drosophila melanogaster. The findings suggest that the binding site undergoes substantial changes in order to accommodate GAT1 inhibitors, and an additional allosteric site is observed in the extracellular vestibule. The study also suggests a role for a specific motif in the selective control of neurotransmitter uptake.
Review
Neurosciences
Renae M. Ryan, Susan L. Ingram, Annalisa Scimemi
Summary: Neurotransmitter transporters play a crucial role in regulating neurotransmitter concentration and can be dynamically regulated through redistribution and stabilization. This allows for adjustments in uptake capacity for different neurotransmitters in response to changes in neuronal activity, blood flow, and cell-to-cell interactions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonella Comitato, Rita Bardoni
Summary: Recent studies have shown that presynaptic GABAergic receptors in the spinal cord dorsal horn play a crucial modulatory role in sensory information processing, particularly in states of sensitization induced by chronic pain. Techniques such as opto- and chemogenetic stimulation have provided valuable insights into this topic, highlighting the importance of regulating neurotransmitter release for integrating postsynaptic responses and coding sensory information.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Moonsun Sa, Jung Moo Lee, Mingu Gordon Park, Jiwoon Lim, Jong Min Joseph Kim, Wuhyun Koh, Bo-Eun Yoon, C. Justin Lee
Summary: This study found that chronic high-fat diet leads to increased reactivity and GABA-synthesizing enzyme expression in astrocytes of the hypothalamus in obese mice, however, tonic inhibition of GABA remains unaltered, which is due to GABA clearance by neuronal GAT1. These results suggest that GABA-related pathways in the hypothalamic ARC play a dynamic role in maintaining tonic inhibition.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiling Li, Chun Chien, Yifu Han, Zihan Sun, Xun Chen, Dion Dickman
Summary: The study revealed that the Glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl alpha) in Drosophila neurons plays a critical role in presynaptic homeostatic depression (PHD), driving the process through an activity-dependent anionic conductance.
Article
Biology
Andres De la Rocha-Munoz, Enrique Nunez, Anjali Amrapali Vishwanath, Sergio Gomez-Lopez, Dhanasak Dhanasobhon, Nelson Rebola, Beatriz Lopez-Corcuera, Jaime De Juan-Sanz, Carmen Aragon
Summary: The Hedgehog pathway was identified as a robust controller of GlyT2 expression and transport activity, affecting presynaptic glycine availability. Modulating the activation state of the Hedgehog pathway can influence the levels of GlyT2 expression and transport capability.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Xianshu Bai, Frank Kirchhoff, Anja Scheller
Summary: This review focuses on the role of GABA as the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, particularly in the oligodendrocyte lineage. It discusses the physiological functions of GABA receptors within this lineage and their potential as targets for treatments of CNS diseases.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kunwei Wu, David Castellano, Qingjun Tian, Wei Lu
Summary: The study reveals distinct roles of GluN2A and GluN2B-NMDA receptors in regulating tonic inhibition in hippocampal neurons, with NMDAR subunit-specific mechanisms at play. Tonic inhibition is modulated by various factors in both physiological and pathological conditions.
Article
Biology
Yang Dong, Jiali Wang, Rachel-Ann Garibsingh, Keino Hutchinson, Yueyue Shi, Gilad Eisenberg, Xiaozhen Yu, Avner Schlessinger, Christof Grewer, Randy B. Stockbridge
Summary: EAAT1 is a glutamate transporter that regulates extracellular glutamate concentration in the brain, while ASCT2 is an amino acid transporter involved in the movement of glutamine between intracellular and extracellular compartments. Both transporters belong to the SLC1 family and share a similar mechanism of allosteric modulation, as discovered through experimental and computational studies.
Article
Neurosciences
Marcin Wyroslak, Grzegorz Dobrzanski, Jerzy W. Mozrzymas
Summary: In this study, we investigated the effect of NMDA-induced plasticity on tonic inhibition in somatostatin- and parvalbumin-containing interneurons. Our results showed that NMDA application enhanced tonic conductance in somatostatin-containing interneurons, while reducing tonic inhibition in both fast-spiking and non-fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive cells. These changes were associated with alterations in the content of α5 and δ-subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
T. Rothe, M. Deliano, A. M. Wojtowicz, A. Dvorzhak, D. Harnack, S. Paul, T. Vagner, I. Melnick, H. Stark, R. Grantyn
Article
Neurosciences
Anton Dvorzhak, Tatyana Vagner, Knut Kirmse, Rosemarie Grantyn
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Tatyana Vagner, Anton Dvorzhak, Anna Maria Wojtowicz, Christoph Harms, Rosemarie Grantyn
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Review
Neurosciences
Anton Dvorzhak, Igor Melnick, Rosemarie Grantyn
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Anton Dvorzhak, Marcus Semtner, Donald S. Faber, Rosemarie Grantyn
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2013)
Article
Physiology
Anton Dvorzhak, Petr Unichenko, Sergei Kirischuk
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Physiology
Denis V. Abramochkin, Vladislav S. Kuzmin, Vadim M. Mitrochin, Leonid Kalugin, Anton Dvorzhak, Ekaterina Y. Makarenko, Rudolf Schubert, Andre Kamkin
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anton Dvorzhak, Christoph Gertler, Daniel Harnack, Rosemarie Grantyn
Article
Neurosciences
Anna M. Wojtowicz, Anton Dvorzhak, Marcus Semtner, Rosemarie Grantyn
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Anton Dvorzhak, Nordine Helassa, Katalin Torok, Dietmar Schmitz, Rosemarie Grantyn
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexey V. Rossokhin, Irina N. Sharonova, Anton Dvorzhak, Julia V. Bukanova, Vladimir G. Skrebitsky
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anton Dvorzhak, Rosemarie Grantyn
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Orlando, Anton Dvorzhak, Felicitas Bruentgens, Marta Maglione, Benjamin R. Rost, Stephan J. Sigrist, Joerg Breustedt, Dietmar Schmitz
Summary: This study investigated the functional and structural changes associated with presynaptic potentiation induced by the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin. Multi-modal imaging techniques revealed an increase in the surface area used for glutamate release, no change in the coupling distance between calcium channels and release sites, and rapid remodeling of synaptic ultrastructure at potentiated boutons. These findings suggest that early structural rearrangements enable long-term increase in synaptic strength.
Article
Neurosciences
Stefan Hirschberg, Anton Dvorzhak, Seyed M. A. Rasooli-Nejad, Svilen Angelov, Marieluise Kirchner, Philipp Mertins, Gilla Laettig-Tuennemann, Christoph Harms, Dietmar Schmitz, Rosemarie Grantyn
Summary: The study demonstrated that C-terminal modified EAAT2 enhanced glutamate uptake, facilitated the clearance of glutamate at synapses, and alleviated mHTT-induced movement deficits.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)