Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Genta Kakiyama, Kei Minowa, Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo, Rebecca Martin, Hajime Takei, Kuniko Mitamura, Shigeo Ikegawa, Mitsuyoshi Suzuki, Hiroshi Nittono, Michael Fuchs, Douglas M. Heuman, Huiping Zhou, William M. Pandak
Summary: This study demonstrated that dietary coffee can prevent the accumulation of hepatic oxysterols by maintaining the expression of Cyp7b1/Sult2b1 genes in a diet-induced NAFLD mice model. Lowering liver oxysterols markedly reduced inflammation in the coffee-ingested mice. Caffeine is not fundamental to this effect. In addition, this study showed that the responses of Cyp7b1/Sult2b1 genes to insulin signaling can be mediated through a transcriptional factor, HNF4 alpha. The insulin-HNF4 alpha-Cyp7b1/Sult2b1 signaling pathway, which directly correlates to the onset of NASH triggered by insulin resistance, offers insight into approaches for NAFLD treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Genta Kakiyama, Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo, William M. Pandak
Summary: The rising prevalence of NAFLD-related cirrhosis emphasizes the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis/cirrhosis. Insulin resistance is a known factor in early NAFLD, but the link between aberrant insulin signaling and hepatocyte inflammation has been unclear. Recent research has shown that hepatocyte toxicity caused by hepatic free cholesterol and its metabolites is fundamental to the development of NASH. Specifically, abnormal hepatocyte insulin signaling leads to dysregulation in bile acid biosynthetic pathways and the accumulation of toxic cholesterol metabolites, driving hepatocyte toxicity. This two-hit model highlights the importance of both abnormal insulin signaling and the accumulation of toxic cholesterol metabolites in NAFL progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liselotte Bruun Christiansen, Tine Lovso Dohlmann, Trine Pagh Ludvigsen, Ewa Parfieniuk, Michal Ciborowski, Lukasz Szczerbinski, Adam Kretowski, Claus Desler, Luca Tiano, Patrick Orlando, Torben Martinussen, Lisbeth Hoier Olsen, Steen Larsen
Summary: The study investigated the tissue-specific effects of chronic statin therapy on mitochondrial function in liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. The results suggest that statins may reduce mitochondrial respiratory capacity in the liver while having opposite effects on the heart and skeletal muscle.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gehad Mekky, Michael Seeds, Abd E. -A. A. Diab, Ahmed M. Shehata, Omar A. -H. Ahmed-Farid, Dalia Alzebdeh, Colin Bishop, Anthony Atala
Summary: The study investigated the potential toxic effects of aspartic acid-coated magnesium oxide nanoparticles and valproate on liver tissues, showing adverse effects on both in vitro and in vivo models.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
I. Dewa Nyoman Wibawa, I. Ketut Mariadi, Gde Somayana, Cokorda Istri Yuliandari Krisnawardani Kumbara, Dwijo Anargha Sindhughosa
Summary: Fatty liver disease, closely related to type 2 diabetes and obesity, is characterized by hepatic steatosis. Insulin resistance is suggested as the major mechanism that links the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent studies have shown an association between NAFLD and impaired glucagon-like peptide-1, indicating the importance of improving the incretin effect in managing fatty liver disease.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jun-Hyuk Lee, Yu-Jin Kwon, Hye Sun Lee, Jee Hye Han, Boyoung Joung, Sung Jin Kim
Summary: This study identified an association between fatty liver and elevated intraocular pressure (EIOP), finding that fatty liver is independently associated with EIOP. Fatty liver primarily affects EIOP through a direct effect on intraocular pressure. Evaluation of EIOP should be considered in patients with fatty liver.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Teresa Iannaccone, Carmine Sellitto, Valentina Manzo, Francesca Colucci, Valentina Giudice, Berenice Stefanelli, Antonio Iuliano, Giulio Corrivetti, Amelia Filippelli
Summary: Pharmacogenomics can optimize therapy based on patient's genotype, but the use of pharmacogenetic screenings for psychotropic drugs is still controversial.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas M. Barber, Stefan Kabisch, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Martin O. Weickert
Summary: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally, affecting one in four people. Despite only a small proportion of MAFLD patients progressing to cirrhosis, it still plays a significant role in its development. However, MAFLD faces challenges such as insidious and asymptomatic onset, lack of accurate diagnostic tests, and absence of specific therapies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ju Won Lee, Seung Ha Park
Summary: The study found a significant association between depression and NAFLD, with insulin resistance playing a major role in modulating this association. Adjustment for sociodemographic features and waist circumference had limited effect on the results. Further adjustment for comorbidities reduced the estimated risk of depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kalliopi Pafili, Michael Roden
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic alterations with increased lipid accumulation, mainly influenced by global obesity and diabetes epidemics. Recent studies have suggested that certain conditions, such as severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) subgroup and an increasing number of gene variants, predispose individuals to a higher risk of NAFLD and its accelerated progression.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mads Israelsen, Helene Baek Juel, Sonke Detlefsen, Bjorn Staehr Madsen, Ditlev Nytoft Rasmussen, Trine R. Larsen, Maria Kjaergaard, Mary Jo Fernandes Jensen, Stefan Stender, Torben Hansen, Aleksander Krag, Maja Thiele
Summary: This study found that insulin resistance is the strongest predictor of the severity of alcohol-related liver disease. Genetic susceptibility further aggravates this risk.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jun-Hyuk Lee, Yu-Jin Kwon, Kyongmin Park, Hye Sun Lee, Hoon-Ki Park, Jee Hye Han, Sang Bong Ahn
Summary: This study found that metabolic score for IR (METS-IR) was inversely associated with ALF in patients with NAFLD, and its predictive ability for ALF was higher than that of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR).
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
I. F. Duarte, J. Caio, M. F. Moedas, L. A. Rodrigues, A. P. Leandro, I. A. Rivera, M. F. B. Silva
Summary: This study investigates the impact of valproic acid on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, shedding light on the iatrogenic effects and further understanding the mechanisms of interference with cellular metabolism caused by the drug.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jingyue Zhang, Yingming Zhang, Ze Ren, Dongmei Yan, Guiying Li
Summary: This review focuses on the role of TRIM family in metabolic associated fatty liver disease, summarizing their regulation in the occurrence and development of the disease as well as insulin resistance. The potential of TRIM proteins as targets for the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease is also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Matthew D. Davidson, Joshua Pickrell, Salman R. Khetani
Summary: The study developed a novel physiologically-inspired culture medium that extended the functional lifespan of primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) in vitro, maintaining their morphology, functions, and response to drugs. This culture medium is significant for modeling chronic drug exposure, disease pathogenesis, and cell-based therapies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Florian Krismer, Vincent Beliveau, Klaus Seppi, Christoph Mueller, Georg Goebel, Elke R. Gizewski, Gregor K. Wenning, Werner Poewe, Christoph Scherfler
Summary: Observer-independent analysis of microstructural integrity in distinguishing MSA and PD patients has high diagnostic accuracy, with better consistency compared to manual analysis. Classification using the C5.0 hierachical decision tree algorithm identified mean diffusivity of the middle cerebellar peduncle and putamen as the most predictive parameters.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandra Fanciulli, Nicole Campese, Georg Goebel, Jean Pierre Ndayisaba, Sabine Eschlboeck, Christine Kaindlstorfer, Cecilia Raccagni, Roberta Granata, Ubaldo Bonuccelli, Roberto Ceravolo, Klaus Seppi, Werner Poewe, Gregor K. Wenning
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Beatrice Heim, Marina Peball, Carsten Saft, Sarah Maria von Hein, Philipp Ellmerer, Johanna Maria Piater, Klaus Seppi, Atbin Djamshidian
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Victoria Sidoroff, Cecilia Raccagni, Christine Kaindlstorfer, Sabine Eschlboeck, Alessandra Fanciulli, Roberta Granata, Bjorn Eskofier, Klaus Seppi, Werner Poewe, Johann Willeit, Stefan Kiechl, Philipp Mahlknecht, Heike Stockner, Kathrin Marini, Oliver Schorr, Gregorio Rungger, Jochen Klucken, Gregor Wenning, Heiko Gassner
Summary: The study compared gait variability at different walking speeds between patients with Parkinson-variant multiple system atrophy, idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and a control group of older adults. Multiple system atrophy patients displayed higher gait variability in various parameters compared to controls, while Parkinson's patients did not. Variability parameters were significantly correlated with the postural instability/gait difficulty subscore in both disease groups.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Federico Carbone, Philipp Ellmerer, Marcel Ritter, Sabine Spielberger, Philipp Mahlknecht, Eva Hametner, Anna Hussl, Anna Hotter, Roberta Granata, Klaus Seppi, Sylvia Boesch, Werner Poewe, Atbin Djamshidian
Summary: The study found that patients with cervical dystonia exhibit more errors and inhibition failures in eye movement tasks, possibly due to dysfunctional corticostriatal networks. Further research is needed to confirm the effects of available therapies on these abnormalities and whether similar impairments are present in other focal dystonias.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Beatrice Heim, Stephanie Mangesius, Florian Krismer, Gregor K. Wenning, Anna Hussl, Christoph Scherfler, Elke R. Gizewski, Michael Schocke, Regina Esterhammer, Andrea Quattrone, Werner Poewe, Klaus Seppi
Summary: Quantitative MR planimetric measurements derived from the brainstem show high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating PSP from non-PSP parkinsonism in early disease stages, especially when clinical criteria are not fully met. The inclusion of the third ventricle width in P/M2.0 and MRPI2.0 calculations improves accuracy in diagnosing early stage PSP patients compared to P/M and MRPI.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jules M. Janssen Daalen, Anouk Tosserams, Philipp Mahlknecht, Klaus Seppi, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Sirwan K. L. Darweesh
Summary: Olfactory dysfunction is associated with a significantly increased risk of incident Parkinson's disease, especially in studies with a higher proportion of women, older individuals, or shorter follow-up duration. Subgroup-specific risk estimates are needed to refine prodromal PD criteria.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jose-Alberto Palma, Patricio Millar Vernetti, Miguel A. Perez, Florian Krismer, Klaus Seppi, Alessandra Fanciulli, Wolfgang Singer, Phillip Low, Italo Biaggioni, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Maria Teresa Pellecchia, Maria Jose Marti, Han-Joon Kim, Marcelo Merello, Iva Stankovic, Werner Poewe, Rebecca Betensky, Gregor Wenning, Horacio Kaufmann
Summary: The UMSARS, a clinical rating scale for multiple system atrophy, has limitations in detecting changes and may lead to a ceiling effect. Due to these limitations, there is a need to develop and validate an improved COA for use in future clinical trials.
CLINICAL AUTONOMIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Verena Rass, Ronny Beer, Alois Josef Schiefecker, Mario Kofler, Anna Lindner, Philipp Mahlknecht, Beatrice Heim, Victoria Limmert, Sabina Sahanic, Alex Pizzini, Thomas Sonnweber, Ivan Tancevski, Christoph Scherfler, Laura Zamarian, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Guenter Weiss, Atbin Djamshidian, Stefan Kiechl, Klaus Seppi, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Bettina Pfausler, Raimund Helbok
Summary: Neurological symptoms were prevalent at the 3-month follow-up in COVID-19 patients, with smelling disorders being persistent in a large proportion of patients even after recovery from the acute infection.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marie-Therese Groetsch, Gesine Respondek, Carlo Colosimo, Yaroslau Compta, Jean Christophe Corvol, Joaquim Ferreira, Meret Koroni Huber, Martin Klietz, Lea F. M. Krey, Johannes Levin, Milica Jecmenica-Lukic, Daniel Macias-Garcia, Wassilios G. Meissner, Pablo Mir, Huw Morris, Christer Nilsson, James B. Rowe, Klaus Seppi, Maria Stamelou, John C. van Swieten, Gregor Wenning, Teodoro Del Ser, Lawrence I. Golbe, Guenter U. Hoglinger
Summary: The study developed a revised rating scale focusing on meaningful disease milestones, retained sensitive items for disease progression, and showed similar power in clinical trials compared to the original scale.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Kathrin Marini, Klaus Seppi, Lena Tschiderer, Stefan Kiechl, Heike Stockner, Peter Willeit, Johann Willeit, Atbin Djamshidian, Gregorio Rungger, Werner Poewe, Philipp Mahlknecht
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vincent Beliveau, Florian Krismer, Elisabeth Skalla, Michael M. Schocke, Elke R. Gizewski, Gregor K. Wenning, Werner Poewe, Klaus Seppi, Christoph Scherfler
Summary: This study utilized DTI and tractography to analyze the microstructural characteristics of MCP and putamen in MSA patients, demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing MSA from PD. Normalized putamen volume measurements further improved the classification accuracy between MSA and PD.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Iva Stankovic, Alessandra Fanciulli, Vladimir S. Kostic, Florian Krismer, Wassilios G. Meissner, Jose Alberto Palma, Jalesh N. Panicker, Klaus Seppi, Gregor K. Wenning
Summary: Additional laboratory work-up beyond imaging and AFT should be considered for patients with possible MSA to optimize clinical diagnostic accuracy.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Quattrone, Angelo Antonini, David E. Vaillancourt, Klaus Seppi, Roberto Ceravolo, Antonio P. Strafella, Maurizio Morelli, Salvatore Nigro, Basilio Vescio, Maria G. Bianco, Roberta Vasta, Pier Paolo Arcuri, Luca Weis, Eleonora Fiorenzato, Roberta Biundo, Roxana G. Burciu, Florian Krismer, Nikolaus R. McFarland, Christoph Mueller, Elke R. Gizewski, Mirco Cosottini, Eleonora Del Prete, Sonia Mazzucchi, Aldo Quattrone
Summary: The measurement of third ventricle width can distinguish Parkinson's disease (PD) from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Philipp Ellmerer, Ambra Stefani, Beatrice Heim, Melanie Bergmann, Klaus Seppi, Werner Poewe, Birgit Hoegl, Atbin Djamshidian