Article
Environmental Sciences
Juwon Lee, Sook-Hyun Nam, Jae-Wuk Koo, Yonghyun Shin, Eunju Kim, Tae-Mun Hwang
Summary: This study used fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis (FEEM-PARAFAC) to estimate the chlorine decay constant (k) in urban water distribution systems. The influence of seasonal variations on chlorine consumption and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition was investigated in three water distribution systems. The study found that the decay constants differed by season and were significantly affected by temperature, and the highest value was observed in summer. The study also derived model equations linking the organic components and chlorine decay constants.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yun Cao, Junyu Gu, Jing Zhang, Bao Chen, Yueding Xu, Dongyang Liu, Hangwei Hu, Hongying Huang
Summary: Hyperthermophilic pretreatment composting (HPC) has the advantages of enhanced composting efficiency and accelerated humic substance over conventional composting. This study used sterilization technology to investigate the roles of abiotic and biotic components in the formation of humic substance. It was found that physicochemical properties and microbial community contribute to the formation of humic acid in conventional composting, while in HPC, physicochemical properties, especially pH, play a key role in accelerating humification.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Zichen Huang, Tetsuyuki Takemoto, Ken Abamba Omwange, Yoshito Saito, Makoto Kuramoto, Naoshi Kondo
Summary: Fluorescence spectrofluorometer and imaging were used to study the fluorescence properties of different colors of sweet peppers. The results showed that all cultivars emitted blue fluorescence when excited by UV-A light, while green peppers showed chlorophyll fluorescence. Yellow and red peppers had thicker cuticular wax layers and more distinct maturity stages. The establishment of this basic fluorescence database can facilitate the further application of fluorescence-based techniques for pepper quality evaluation.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qingcai Chen, Xiaoyu Hua, Ainur Dyussenova
Summary: This study investigates the effects of oxidation and photochemical reactions on atmospheric chromophores, finding that these reactions drive the oxidation state evolution of the chromophores. The research also identifies the production of secondary chromophores from highly-oxygenated HULIS, suggesting a degradation product of less-oxygenated HULIS. Furthermore, the study suggests that atmospheric oxidation processes are the main driving reaction for the transformation of atmospheric chromophores.
Article
Spectroscopy
Yoshito Saito, Yuma Ito, Terufumi Tada, Aina Shoda, Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa, Naoshi Kondo
Summary: In this study, we characterized the fluorescence characteristics of wounds on soybean seedlings to establish a simple and nondestructive method for measuring plant wound-healing ability. We observed three main fluorescence peaks in the wounds and found that their intensity decreased over time. Microscopic observation also revealed an increase in the intensity of lignin or suberin like fluorescence with healing time. These findings suggest that UV-excited fluorescence can serve as a new indicator for assessing the healing ability of plant tissues.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanping Zhu, Wanting Li, Shihu Shu, Qiongfang Wang, Naiyun Gao
Summary: This study investigated the impact of MPUV/Cl-2 application on the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) from different amino acids. The results showed that MPUV/Cl-2 oxidation increased the DBP formation and cytotoxicity of certain amino acids, while the opposite trend was observed for other amino acids. The presence of organic bromides increased the formation potential of trihalomethanes from five amino acids. Chlorination and ammonia treatment had some effects on DBP formation and cytotoxicity, while photonitration increased the formation of certain DBPs but reduced overall DBP formation potential and cytotoxicity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Yan, Tianyi Zhao, Wei Huang, Dongqing Fang, Xin Zhang, Lijia Zhang, Peng Huo, Kang Xiao, Yuanxun Zhang, Yang Zhang
Summary: The complexation between transition metals (TMs) and water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) in atmospheric particles plays a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study found that the complexation between WSOC and Cu or Mn has a synergistic effect on ROS generation, while the complexation with Fe has a negative effect. The hydrophobic fraction of WSOC and the rate of ROS generation decrease during the complexation process. Cu-WSOC exhibits the most significant synergistic effect on ROS generation, suggesting that aromatic and polar substituents in WSOC dominate the complexation process.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Optics
Matan Birenboim, Elazar Fallik, David Kengisbuch, Jakob A. Shimshoni
Summary: This study determined the fluorescence characteristics of major cannabinoids and calculated their molar extinction coefficient and quantum yield values. The findings can be used to develop screening tools for the presence of cannabinoids.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiwei Chen, Iman Jafari, Yu Zhong, Min Jun Chee, Jiangyong Hu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of water matrix factors on the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in combined UV/Cl-2 processes. The results showed that simultaneous UV/Cl-2 achieved better degradation of humic acids (HA) and higher DBP yield compared to single Cl-2 and sequential combined processes. Low concentrations of iodide and bromide slightly affected organic degradation but increased the formation of brominated DBPs. pH 6 was found to be the optimum pH for high efficiency of HA degradation and lower total DBP formation. NOM in canal water yielded fewer DBPs compared to HA samples. However, high levels of bromide shifted the chlorinated DBPs to more toxic brominated analogues.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Saier Wang, Hanbang Wang, Huiming Xiang, Ying Shi, Lianghu Su, Tao Zhou, Longjiang Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the use of UV365 irradiation to activate sodium persulfate for rapid hydrolyzation and humification of food waste slurry. The results show that the hydrolysis yield reaches a maximum value following UV365/4% PS application. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy analysis indicates the decomposition of FW fluorescent molecules into humus-like and tryptophan-like substances. This study provides valuable insights for FW management.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuehao Zhan, Chunya Zeng, Xiaohong Chen, Bingjun Liu, Yanqiu Li, Kyu Hur, Shengkun Dong
Summary: Fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in surface water has significant implications for water quality research and operations. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is commonly used to extract FDOM, but the preferences of solvents for fluorescent elution and the content of quantifiable chromophores in the waste fraction are not well understood. This study investigated the selection and loss of different types of FDOM during SPE using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM). Results showed that high and medium polarity solvents eluted the highest variety and quantity of humic acid-like substances, while a low polarity solvent was more suitable for eluting tyrosine and tryptophan. Sequential elution using different solvents demonstrated a significant increase in DOC recovery and fluorescence characteristics resembling raw water. Additionally, the study revealed a previously overlooked FDOM loss of 20% in the waste fraction, indicating possible underestimations in FDOM-related research.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Francisco J. Rodriguez-Vidal, Maria Garcia-Valverde, Beatriz Ortega-Azabache, Angela Gonzalez-Martinez, Ana Bellido-Fernandez, Victorino Diez-Blanco, M. Olga Ruiz-Perez
Summary: This study assessed the usefulness of excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) as a fast and simple analytical technique to track changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) during wastewater treatment. The results showed that EEMF can successfully monitor the removal percentages of organic matter and assess the reactivity of different types of organic matter towards specific treatments.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gang Wang, Quancheng Shu, Yuliang Zhu, Yucan Liu, Xiaoyong Yang, Daishun Wu, Hongwei Sun
Summary: This study systematically investigated the efficiency and mechanism of thermally activated persulfate (TAP) oxidation technology in improving the dewatering performance of surplus activated sludge. The results showed that the TAP treatment significantly increased the filterability and decreased the particle size of the sludge. Additionally, it facilitated the disintegration of sludge and conversion of certain EPS components. The findings of this study provide insights into the mechanism of TAP process in enhancing sludge dewatering performance.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Matan Birenboim, Asmund Rinnan, David Kengisbuch, Jakob A. Shimshoni
Summary: A fluorescence spectroscopic method coupled with PARAFAC modeling was developed for the identification and quantification of major cannabinoids. The method showed good performance in identifying (-)-Delta 9-trans-tetra-hydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), and (-)-Delta 9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol/cannabigerol (THC/CBD/CBG). The linear correlations between the PARAFAC model scores and measured concentrations indicated the feasibility of this method for predicting compound concentrations.
CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Huarong Yu, Boyan Lai, Haiyang Yang, Hongwei Rong, Heng Liang, Fangshu Qu
Summary: Global warming and the energy crisis have led to an increased demand for renewable energy production and resource recovery. This study proposed a novel method for evaluating methanogenesis in anaerobic wastewater treatment by determining coenzyme F420 using front-face excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that the FF-EEM-based method was simpler and more accurate than conventional F420 measurement. The study demonstrated that the FF-EEM-based method could effectively evaluate methanogenesis in anaerobic processes and assist in optimizing bioresource recycling in wastewater treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)