Article
Mathematics, Applied
S. Davis, C. Loyola, J. Peralta
Summary: Quantitatively assessing the level of confidence in test scores can be challenging when multiple criteria are involved. This study presents a statistical approach based on Bayesian inference and maximum entropy principle to estimate the most probable and expected scores using credible interval information. The findings have implications for understanding and analyzing uncertain evaluation of learning performance beyond the case study of recommendation letters.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Georgios Styliaris, Namit Anand, Paolo Zanardi
Summary: The study presents exact analytical results for the bipartite OTOC, showing its relationship with operator entanglement and its impact on entangling power. Additionally, it explores the connection between long-time averages of the OTOC and eigenstate entanglement.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yi-Mu Du, Jin-Fu Chen, Xuefei Guan, C. P. Sun
Summary: The article discusses the importance of degradation and recovery processes in different systems and introduces an approach based on the principle of maximum entropy for modeling and inferring these processes at the component level. By integrating network connectivity and statistical moments, hazard or recovery rates of degradation or recovery processes can be inferred.
Article
Optics
Diego Paiva Pires, Tommaso Macri
Summary: We discuss the short-time perturbative expansion of the linear entropy for finite-dimensional quantum systems effectively described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We derive timescales for the degree of mixedness under non-Hermitian dynamics and for the growth of mixedness in bipartite quantum systems. The findings have applications in non-Hermitian quantum sensing, quantum thermodynamics, and PT-symmetric quantum field theory.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Hong Qian
Summary: One of the main principles of Gibbs' equilibrium chemical thermodynamics is the introduction of chemical potential while counting particles. However, a pure thermomechanical description of a particle system only includes mechanical work and heat, making Gibbs' mu an emergent concept. From this perspective, an alternative, generalized Gibbs formalism is presented, which introduces chemical potential at the meso or even microstate level of a system. This approach is exemplified by the research practice in biophysical chemistry, where the concept of potential of mean force or conditional free energy plays a central role. Our theory suggests a generalized energetic representation for scientific data in the form of counting frequency, which is routinely measured through equilibrium constants in chemistry laboratories.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nitin B. Burud, J. M. Chandra Kishen
Summary: This study investigates the acoustic emission phenomenon of concrete within the framework of non-extensive statistical mechanics. The research aims to re-derive the distribution function, study the size effect on parameters, and comment on the self-organization phenomenon and criticality near failure in quasi-static loading of concrete beams. The study finds that the power-function based distribution model is superior to the exponential-function based model, and that the entropic index is size-independent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jae Dong Noh
Summary: We investigate the eigenstate thermalization properties of the spin-1/2 XXZ model in two-dimensional rectangular lattices. The numerical analysis supports that the model follows the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, and this hypothesis is still valid within each subspace where the total spin is a good quantum number.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Felix Fritzsch, Tomaz Prosen
Summary: The study investigates the distribution of matrix elements for a class of operators in dual-unitary quantum circuits, providing an exact asymptotic expression for the spectral function and confirming excellent agreement with results obtained by exact diagonalization. Furthermore, fluctuations at finite system size are explicitly related to dynamical correlations at intermediate times, while numerical computation of higher moments of the matrix elements confirms the expected Gaussian distribution.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Elijah Thimsen
Summary: This work elucidates methods based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics to predict the stationary states of chemical reactions in nonequilibrium plasma and the limits for energy conversion efficiency, using CO2 splitting as an example reaction. It was found that the probability of observing reactants or products increases with the energy dissipated by that side of the reaction as heat through collisions with hot electrons.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chaitanya Murthy, Arman Babakhani, Fernando Iniguez, Mark Srednicki, Nicole Yunger Halpern
Summary: This study extends the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) to noncommuting charges and explains the slow convergence of time-averaged values to thermal averages in quantum systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
O. B. Ericok, J. K. Mason
Summary: Statistical thermodynamics is valuable for understanding equilibrium thermodynamic states, but there are unresolved questions about its foundations. This paper aims to develop statistical thermodynamics for finite non-equilibrium systems and proposes solutions to several paradoxes and thought experiments.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
L. L. Sales, F. C. Carvalho, E. P. Bento, H. T. C. M. Souza
Summary: Tsallis' thermostatistical has received increasing attention for its success in describing phenomena with unusual thermodynamic properties. This study explores the non-Gaussian effects on Saha's ionization using Tsallis statistics. The researchers found two new non-Gaussian effects and generalized the Saha equation for cosmological recombination. The study also demonstrated the need for a very small a-parameter to produce smooth shifts in binding energy and showed symmetrical behavior in the hydrogen binding q-energy. Additionally, the researchers used the q-energy to access other hydrogen energy levels and determined the values of the a-parameter and their relationship to temperature. The study also examined the non-Gaussian effects on deuterium bottleneck, recombination, and particle anti-particle excess.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jiaju Zhang, M. A. Rajabpour
Summary: In this paper, we propose a truncation method to calculate the trace distance between two Gaussian states in fermionic systems. Our method truncates the correlation matrices of the states based on their von Neumann entropies and dissimilarities, facilitating the trace distance calculations. We successfully apply our method to compute subsystem trace distances in Ising and XX spin chains, extending the analysis to significantly larger subsystem sizes compared to existing literature.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Erik D. Fagerholm, Zalina Dezhina, Rosalyn J. Moran, Federico E. Turkheimer, Robert Leech
Summary: Entropy is a property of both a system and an observer, measuring the hidden information in a system due to the observer's limitations. This article provides a theory of entropy based on statistical mechanics and toy models of neural systems. It explains the distinction between micro and macrostates, the characteristics of entropy for capturing hidden information, and the mathematical form of entropy derived from arrangements of discrete-state neurons. The article also discusses the increase in entropy over time in neural systems due to limitations in neuroimaging resolution. It aims to support using entropy as a method for characterizing neuroimaging timeseries and making inferences about brain states.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thi Vo, Sharon C. Glotzer
Summary: Entropy can self-assemble hard nanoparticles into colloidal crystals with structures similar to atomic and molecular crystals. A first-principles theory is proposed to describe the directional entropic forces between hard shapes by calculating and minimizing the excluded volume. The theory successfully predicts the thermodynamically preferred structures for different families of hard polyhedra.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Patrick Meir, Maurizio Mencuccini, Roderick C. Dewar
Article
Ecology
J. Bertram, R. C. Dewar
THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Plant Sciences
Roderick Dewar, Aleksanteri Mauranen, Annikki Makela, Teemu Holtta, Belinda Medlyn, Timo Vesala
Article
Ecology
Jason Bertram, Roderick C. Dewar
Article
Plant Sciences
Ross E. McMurtrie, Roderick C. Dewar
Article
Forestry
Roderick C. Dewar, Lasse Tarvainen, Kathryn Parker, Goran Wallin, Ross E. McMurtrie
Review
Forestry
Oskar Franklin, Jacob Johansson, Roderick C. Dewar, Ulf Dieckmann, Ross E. McMurtrie, Ake Brannstrom, Ray Dybzinski
Article
Ecology
Jason Bertram, Erica A. Newman, Roderick C. Dewar
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2019)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yann Salmon, Anna Lintunen, Alexia Dayet, Tommy Chan, Roderick Dewar, Timo Vesala, Teemu Holtta
Article
Plant Sciences
Anna Lintunen, Teemu Paljakka, Yann Salmon, Roderick Dewar, Anu Riikonen, Teemu Holtta
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fatimah Azzahra Ahmad Rashid, Peter A. Crisp, You Zhang, Oliver Berkowitz, Barry J. Pogson, David A. Day, Josette Masle, Roderick C. Dewar, James Whelan, Owen K. Atkin, Andrew P. Scafaro
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fatimah Azzahra Ahmad Rashid, Andrew P. Scafaro, Shinichi Asao, Ricarda Fenske, Roderick C. Dewar, Josette Masle, Nicolas L. Taylor, Owen K. Atkin
Article
Plant Sciences
Roderick Dewar, Teemu Hoelttae, Yann Salmon
Summary: Experimental evidence and an analytically solvable model were used to study the mechanisms of nonstomatal limitations to photosynthesis, revealing a trade-off regulation of stomata to maximize photosynthesis. Different hypotheses on source and sink regulation were explored, leading to realistic stomatal responses to environmental factors and sink activity. Results suggest optimal stomatal control under sugar-regulated NSLs and turgor-regulated unloading.
Article
Plant Sciences
Oskar Franklin, Sandy P. Harrison, Roderick Dewar, Caroline E. Farrior, Ake Braennstroem, Ulf Dieckmann, Stephan Pietsch, Daniel Falster, Wolfgang Cramer, Michel Loreau, Han Wang, Annikki Makela, Karin T. Rebel, Ehud Meron, Stanislaus J. Schymanski, Elena Rovenskaya, Benjamin D. Stocker, Soenke Zaehle, Stefano Manzoni, Marcel van Oijen, Ian J. Wright, Philippe Ciais, Peter M. van Bodegom, Josep Penuelas, Florian Hofhansl, Cesar Terrer, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Guy Midgley, I. Colin Prentice
Proceedings Paper
Mathematics, Applied
Roderick C. Dewar
BAYESIAN INFERENCE AND MAXIMUM ENTROPY METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, MAXENT 2013
(2014)