Article
Plant Sciences
Vinod Jacob, Brendan Choat, Amber C. Churchill, Haiyang Zhang, Craig V. M. Barton, Arjunan Krishnananthaselvan, Alison K. Post, Sally A. Power, Belinda E. Medlyn, David T. Tissue
Summary: This study investigated the hydraulic vulnerability of grass species and found that they have high resistance to xylem embolism. Reductions in stomatal conductance and leaf hydraulic conductance occurred even under mild water stress. The results suggest that factors other than xylem embolism contribute to reductions in productivity of pasture grasses during drought.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Amanda M. Salvi, Sophia G. Gosetti, Duncan D. Smith, Mark A. Adams, Thomas J. Givnish, Katherine A. McCulloh
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between hydroscape area (HA) and climatic conditions and functional traits across 10 Eucalyptus species in the Hawaiian Islands. The results show that HA decreases with increased P/E-p, and larger HA coincides with species that have higher sensitivity to mesophyll photosynthetic capacity.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Roderick Dewar, Teemu Hoelttae, Yann Salmon
Summary: Experimental evidence and an analytically solvable model were used to study the mechanisms of nonstomatal limitations to photosynthesis, revealing a trade-off regulation of stomata to maximize photosynthesis. Different hypotheses on source and sink regulation were explored, leading to realistic stomatal responses to environmental factors and sink activity. Results suggest optimal stomatal control under sugar-regulated NSLs and turgor-regulated unloading.
Article
Plant Sciences
Guanjun Huang, Yu Shu, Shaobing Peng, Yong Li
Summary: Leaf structural traits, particularly the size of xylem and phloem in the leaf veins, have a significant impact on leaf photosynthesis and hydraulic conductance in rice plants, highlighting the importance of manipulating these overlooked leaf traits to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
Article
Plant Sciences
Benjamin P. O'Connell, Erin Wiley
Summary: As the frequency of heatwaves increases, they are more likely to coincide with other disturbances like insect defoliation. This study found that defoliation exhibited strong thermal acclimation during a simulated spring heatwave, while stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis of oak saplings increased. Heatwave did not affect leaf area recovery or carbohydrate storage of defoliated saplings, but reflush leaves had higher minimum leaf conductance than undefoliated leaves, and this effect was amplified by the heatwave. Higher minimum leaf conductance was associated with higher daytime stomatal conductance and a lower turgor loss point.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Min Yang, Xiaodong Gao, Shaofei Wang, Xu Zhang, Yaohui Cai, Xiaolin Song, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Xining Zhao
Summary: Developing deep roots is important for trees in drylands to resist drought, but its impact on photosynthesis is not fully understood. An experiment on an apple tree plantation in China showed that deep soil water deficit led to severe water stress and significantly reduced stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate, and transpiration rate. However, nonstomatal limitation did not differ between treatments, indicating that deep soil water deficit affects photosynthesis mainly through reduced stomatal conductance rather than damaging the photosynthetic apparatus.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xia Wang, Yanli Fan, Congcong Zhang, Yihong Zhao, Guangyuan Du, Min Li, Bingcheng Si
Summary: This study aimed to identify reliable and easily available drought stress indices for trees and determine the thresholds at which drought activates important physiological responses. It was found that midday xylem water potential (psi(md)) was a better indicator of drought stress than soil water availability (SWA) and predawn xylem water potential (psi(pd)). The study also established five stress levels based on the observed changes in psi(md).
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Patrizia Trifilo, Francesco Petruzzellis, Elisa Abate, Andrea Nardini
Summary: The study found that leaf hydraulic conductance increased and became more vulnerable to dehydration under high irradiance conditions, mainly due to marked changes in the extra-vascular water pathway. After re-watering, leaf hydraulic conductance recovered in parallel with extra-vascular recovery, but its response to irradiance remained inhibited.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shuang Li, Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani, Yingying Zhang, Yueping Liang, Yang Gao, Aiwang Duan
Summary: The study revealed a close coordination between leaf anatomical, hydraulic, and economical traits in tomato seedlings under long-term drought, highlighting the importance of leaf anatomy in maintaining the balance between water supply and CO2 diffusion responses to drought.
Article
Ecology
Yujie Wang, Christian Frankenberg
Summary: Plant hydraulics is gaining increasing interest in plant ecophysiology and vegetation modeling. However, there are common ambiguities and misunderstandings in this field, such as the distinction between water potential and pressure, differences between hydraulic conductance and conductivity, and formulation of xylem vulnerability curves. It is recommended to carefully consider before using or modifying existing definitions, methods, and models.
Article
Agronomy
Thuy Huu Nguyen, Matthias Langensiepen, Thomas Gaiser, Heidi Webber, Hella Ahrends, Hubert Hueging, Frank Ewert
Summary: Drought has a significant impact on crop growth, and understanding the short-term and long-term responses of crops to drought is crucial. Field data analysis showed that different water supply treatments strongly influenced leaf and canopy gas exchange, as well as cumulative growth in winter wheat and maize. The long-term morphological responses of winter wheat played a larger role in regulating transpiration and assimilation rates, while maize exhibited physiological advantages and morphological adjustments under drought conditions. Improved modeling of gas exchange and crop growth should consider dynamic changes in leaf area and stomatal regulation.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Miquel Nadal, Marc Carriqui, Eric Badel, Herve Cochard, Sylvain Delzon, Andrew King, Laurent J. Lamarque, Jaume Flexas, Jose M. Torres-Ruiz
Summary: This study investigated photosynthesis and hydraulics during the desiccation and rehydration process in the resurrection plant Barbacenia purpurea. The results showed that photosynthesis and leaf hydraulic conductance ceased at relatively high water potential, while leaf embolism occurred after photosynthesis cessation. Complete rehydration occurred rapidly in the mesophyll, while partial xylem refilling and subsequent recovery of photosynthesis occurred at later stages after rewatering.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Miquel Nadal, Marc Carriqui, Eric Badel, Herve Cochard, Sylvain Delzon, Andrew King, Laurent J. Lamarque, Jaume Flexas, Jose M. Torres-Ruiz
Summary: This study investigated the physiological responses of a resurrection plant during the dehydration and rehydration process. The results showed that the plant adjusted its photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to delay dehydration and prepare for desiccation. Complete rehydration occurred rapidly in the mesophyll, while the refilling of xylem and subsequent recovery of photosynthesis occurred at later stages. These findings highlight the importance of stomata in protecting the vascular system from embolism even in desiccation-tolerant plants.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Yongkang Wang, Chen Xing, Yilin Gu, Yang Zhou, Jinyan Song, Ziyi Zhou, Jia Song, Jun Gao
Summary: The frequency and intensity of droughts and heatwaves are increasing under climate change, which have severe impacts on urban plants. However, the effects of these events on different species are poorly understood. This study investigates the resistance and resilience of 12 urban woody species to a drought-heatwave event and finds that hydraulic and photosynthesis traits decline during the event, conifers show better resilience while broadleaves show better resistance, evergreen species display strong resistance, and shrubs are more vulnerable than trees.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margalida Roig-Oliver, Mateu Fullana-Pericas, Josefina Bota, Jaume Flexas
Summary: In the context of current climate change, understanding crops' physiological responses to water shortage is crucial for drought adaptation. Research shows that leaf water relations and cell wall composition play important roles in regulating photosynthesis under water deficit, with implications for plant acclimation to drought stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Anna Lintunen, Yann Salmon, Teemu Holtta, Heikki Suhonen
Summary: The size and shape of gas bubbles formed in frozen xylem during freezing are crucial for winter embolism formation, with bubbles potentially starting to grow during freezing propagation. Increase in conduit volume seems to lead to larger gas bubble volume, while low water potential and restricted gas escape may increase the risk of embolism formation.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Sannakajsa M. Velmala, Matti J. Salmela, Tommy Chan, Teemu Holtta, Leena Hamberg, Risto Sievanen, Taina Pennanen
Summary: This study investigated the soil exploring patterns of Norway spruce seedlings and compared the differences in root growth strategies and response to nutrient patches between fast-growing and slow-growing phenotypes.
Article
Forestry
David Israel, Maxime Durand, Yann Salmon, Janusz Jerzy Zwiazek, Thomas Matthew Robson
Summary: This study examined the expression of aquaporins in European beech trees of different provenances and found that there were differences in expression levels among different tissues. The stable or decreasing expression trend suggests that aquaporins are involved in tree water relations and growth.
TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Giai Petit, Maurizio Mencuccini, Marco Carrer, Angela Luisa Prendin, Teemu Holtta
Summary: The transition from sapwood to heartwood is determined by conduit widening, tree height, and height growth rate. The adjustment of xylem to maintain a constant sapwood conductance with increasing height is still under debate. The hydraulic diameter of conduit and the number of sapwood rings at stem base may not increase with height, but they may be influenced by stem elongation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Katja T. Rinne-Garmston, Yu Tang, Elina Sahlstedt, Bartosz Adamczyk, Matthias Saurer, Yann Salmon, Maria del Rosario Dominguez Carrasco, Teemu Holtta, Marco M. Lehmann, Lan Mo, Giles H. F. Young
Summary: The carbon isotope composition of tree-ring (δC-13(Ring)) is commonly used as a proxy for environmental change and ecophysiology. However, δC-13(Ring) is not solely influenced by δC-13(P) and there are still unknown fractionation processes that affect δC-13(P) during sucrose transport. This study examines the intra-seasonal dynamics of δC-13(P) and its impact on δC-13(Ring) in Pinus sylvestris.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Camille Abadie, Fabienne Maignan, Marine Remaud, Kukka-Maaria Kohonen, Wu Sun, Linda Kooijmans, Timo Vesala, Ulli Seibt, Nina Raoult, Vladislav Bastrikov, Sauveur Belviso, Philippe Peylin
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of COS observations in improving the representation of GPP in land surface models. Joint assimilation of COS and GPP data improves the simulated latent heat flux, while assimilating GPP data alone fails to do so.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Saverio Francini, Claudia Cocozza, Teemu Holtta, Anna Lintunen, Teemu Paljakka, Gherardo Chirici, Maria Laura Traversi, Alessio Giovannelli
Summary: Automatic analysis of point dendrometer time series (DTS) is important for studying tree water use and growth. This study presents an alternative methodology to automatically identify days of signal related to tree activity by analyzing 19 million DTS records from 12 dendrometers installed on Pinus sylvestris trees. The overall accuracy of the model for detecting signal days ranged from 100% to 82% across different sensors. The results showed the trend of stem shrinkage and swelling over a three-year period.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Markus Lampimaki, Rima Baalbaki, Lauri Ahonen, Frans Korhonen, Runlong Cai, Tommy Chan, Dominik Stolzenburg, Tuukka Petaja, Juha Kangasluoma, Joonas Vanhanen, Katrianne Lehtipalo
Summary: Ultrafine particles dominate aerosol number concentration in urban environments, with high concentrations reaching up to 106 particles cm-3. Dilution is often used to adapt the measurements, however it is unsuitable for cluster or nucleation mode particles. This study introduces a new nanoparticle diluter sampling system and evaluates its performance in diluting particles down to approximately 1 nm size, while also functioning as an ion precipitator and humidity controller. Initial measurements from ambient traffic emissions are presented.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Forestry
Shan Li, Jing Wang, Sen Lu, Yann Salmon, Peng Liu, Junkang Guo
Summary: This review summarizes previous research on the trade-off between hydraulic safety and efficiency in plant xylem and its influencing factors. The results confirm the existence of a trade-off at both the inter-species and intra-species levels. Additionally, a trade-off is observed between hydraulic safety and efficiency in different parts of trees, and is influenced by environmental factors.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anna Lintunen, Juho Aalto, Ari Asmi, Mika Aurela, Jaana Back, Mikael Ehn, Ekaterina Ezhova, Hannele Hakola, Kari Hartonen, Jussi Heinonsalo, Heidi Hellen, Teemu Holtta, Tuija Jokinen, Leena Jarvi, Heikki Jarvinen, Juha Kangasluoma, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Pasi Kolari, Kajar Koster, Egle Koster, Liisa Kulmala, Theo Kurten, Ari Laaksonen, Hanna K. Lappalainen, Tuomas Lauril, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Heikki Lihavainen, Annalea Lohila, Mari Losoi, Annikki Makela, Risto Makkonen, Ivan Mammarella, Santtu Mikkone, Dmitri Moisseev, Anne Ojala, Tuukka Petaja, Mari Pihlatie, Albert Porcar-Castell, Arnaud P. Praplan, Jouni Pulliainen, Jukka Pumpanen, Pekka Rantala, Marja-Liisa Riekkola, Kaisa Rissanen, Sami Romakkaniemi, Jose Ruiz-Jimenez, Nina Sarnela, Simon Schallhar, Pauliina Schiestl-Aalt, Janne Rinne, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Hanna Vehkamaki, Timo Vesala, Yrjo Viisanen, Annele Virtanen, Ilona Ylivink, Pertti Hari, Markku Kulmala
Summary: The study of atmospheric processes related to climate requires a multidisciplinary approach, and the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence in atmospheric sciences (CoE ATM) has been conducting extensive research for 18 years. The work in the CoE ATM has improved our understanding of biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem processes, aerosols, ions, neutral clusters, cloud formation, and their interactions. Through a combination of observations, remote sensing, experiments, and modeling, the CoE ATM has enabled improved conceptual understanding across spatial and temporal scales, serving as a platform for multidisciplinary research.
BOREAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Markku Kulmala, Runlong Cai, Ekaterina Ezhova, Chenjuan Deng, Dominik Stolzenburg, Lubna Dada, Yishuo Guo, Chao Yan, Otso Perakyla, Anna Lintunen, Tuomo Nieminen, Tom V. Kokkonen, Nina Sarnela, Tuukka Petaja, Veli-Matti Kerminen
Summary: We investigated the role of atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) in the COBACC feedback mechanism. We found that NPF has influences on condensation sink and particle number and CCN concentrations. The growth rates of particles originating from NPF are relatively constant, depending weakly on low-volatility vapor concentrations and background pollution. Under typical conditions in the boreal forest atmosphere, even weak NPF can enhance the condensation sink and dominate the total CS at the station.
BOREAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Matti Kamarainen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Markku Kulmala, Ivan Mammarella, Juha Aalto, Henriikka Vekuri, Annalea Lohila, Anna Lintunen
Summary: In this study, machine learning methods (RF and GB) were used to predict the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) in a pine-dominated boreal forest in southern Finland over 1996-2018. The results showed that both RF and GB were able to explain the temporal variability of NEE using meteorological predictors, but GB was more accurate.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Yan, Yicheng Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Lubna Dada, Ximeng Qi, Simo Hakala, Anu-Maija Sundstrom, Yishuo Guo, Antti Lipponen, Tom Kokkonen, Jenni Kontkanen, Runlong Cai, Jing Cai, Tommy Chan, Liangduo Chen, Biwu Chu, Chenjuan Deng, Wei Du, Xiaolong Fan, Xu-Cheng He, Juha Kangasluoma, Joni Kujansuu, Mona Kurppa, Chang Li, Yiran Li, Zhuohui Lin, Yiliang Liu, Yuliang Liu, Yiqun Lu, Wei Nie, Jouni Pulliainen, Xiaohui Qiao, Yonghong Wang, Yifan Wen, Ye Wu, Gan Yang, Lei Yao, Rujing Yin, Gen Zhang, Shaojun Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Ying Zhou, Antti Arola, Johanna Tamminen, Pauli Paasonen, Yele Sun, Lin Wang, Neil M. Donahue, Yongchun Liu, Federico Bianchi, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Douglas R. Worsnop, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petaja, Aijun Ding, Jingkun Jiang, Markku Kulmala
Summary: This study found that during lockdown, atmospheric new particle formation activity was mainly influenced by particle growth rates rather than traffic emissions. The clustering process was unaffected by traffic emissions, but an increase in particle growth rates enhanced new particle formation activity.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin Foreback, Lubna Dada, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Chao Yan, Lili Wang, Biwu Chu, Ying Zhou, Tom Kokkonen, Mona Kurppa, Rosaria E. Pileci, Yonghong Wang, Tommy Chan, Juha Kangasluoma, Lin Zhuohui, Yishou Guo, Chang Li, Rima Baalbaki, Joni Kujansuu, Xiaolong Fan, Zemin Feng, Pekka Rantala, Shahzad Gani, Federico Bianchi, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petaja, Markku Kulmala, Yongchun Liu, Pauli Paasonen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of Chinese New Year celebrations on air quality in Beijing. The burning of fireworks and firecrackers during the celebrations has a significant short-term impact on local air quality. The study finds that the emissions during Chinese New Year have decreased in recent years due to policy restrictions and increased public awareness, leading to improved air quality.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lauriane L. J. Quelever, Lubna Dada, Eija Asmi, Janne Lampilahti, Tommy Chan, Jonathan E. Ferrara, Gustavo E. Copes, German Perez-Fogwill, Luis Barreira, Minna Aurela, Douglas R. Worsnop, Tuija Jokinen, Mikko Sipila
Summary: Understanding the chemical processes behind atmospheric aerosol particle formation is crucial for predicting future climate. However, these mechanisms are still not well characterized, especially in polar regions. In this study, observations were made at the Marambio research station in Antarctica to analyze the composition of aerosol precursor molecules and chemical clusters, as well as air ions and aerosol particle concentrations. It was found that aerosol formation mainly occurred on days with high solar radiation, below-freezing temperatures, and low relative humidity. Sulfuric acid was identified as a key contributor to the particle formation process, while iodic acid and methane sulfonic acid likely played a role in particle growth. Additionally, anion clusters containing ammonia and/or dimethylamine and sulfuric acid were detected, suggesting their contribution to aerosol formation.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
