Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Habu Iyodo Mohammed, Kabir Garba, Saeed Isa Ahmed, Lawan Garba Abubakar
Summary: Researchers have discovered biomass feedstocks and pyrolysis techniques to produce biofuels and chemicals from sources other than fossil fuels. The strategies used for biooils production from biomass pyrolysis including catalytic upgrading, co-pyrolysis, temperature-programmed pyrolysis, and biomass pre-treatment were extensively reviewed in this paper. The bio-oils produced using these strategies have higher calorific values and concentrations of hydrocarbons and aromatics compared to the biomass feedstocks and raw bio-oils. However, there are drawbacks, such as high costs, secondary waste production, and constituent loss in the pre-treatment technique. Co-pyrolysis can also be expensive and problematic due to the need for simultaneous supply of scarce feedstock. Microporous zeolites were found to enhance the potential of bio-oils for fuel and chemicals by increasing their calorific values and concentrations of aromatics and hydrocarbons. The drawback of these zeolites is their small, easily blocked pores and early deactivation. In the future, highly functionalized ZSM-5 derived from inexpensive materials will be required for high-grade bio-oils.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhi-Cong Wang, Jia Duo, Ya-Qi Shan, Lin-Xin Yin, Pei-Gao Duan
Summary: Pyrolysis oils with different H/Ceff ratios were mixed with tetralin and treated under certain conditions to examine the effect on upgraded oil yield and quality. Higher H/Ceff ratios resulted in higher yield and H/Ceff ratios of upgraded oil. The addition of Pt/C and Ru/C showed different effects on the reduction of S, O, and N in the feedstock. N and S contamination reduced the deoxygenation efficiency. Therefore, the H/Ceff ratio plays a vital role in improving the properties of the bio-oil.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Dong-Can Lv, Kun Jiang, Kai Li, Yun-Quan Liu, Duo Wang, Yue-Yuan Ye
Summary: Hydrotreatment of pyrolysis oils with lignin-derived oil as a co-feed can effectively inhibit coke formation and improve oil stability. Controlling the temperature is essential for obtaining upgraded bio-oils with higher quality and better stability.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaseen Elkasabi, Charles A. Mullen, Gary D. Strahan, Victor T. Wyatt
Summary: In an effort to reduce carbon emissions, we have synthesized a renewable biopitch made from biomass pyrolysis, which undergoes distillation and extraction processes. The resulting biopitch has similar coking values to traditional petroleum-based carbon materials and can be used for anode production, while also providing a marketable coproduct for biorefineries.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tossapon Katongtung, Sanphawat Phromphithak, Thossaporn Onsree, Jochen Lauterbach, Nakorn Tippayawong
Summary: This study demonstrates that de-ashing treatment can effectively reduce the ash content of hybrid giant Juncao grass and improve the yield and energy recovery of biocrude oils. The treatment also enhances the chemical composition of the oils.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Candice R. Ellison, Dorin Boldor
Summary: This study investigates a low cost iron-based catalyst for mild in-situ upgrading of fast pyrolysis vapors, which can reduce pyrolysis liquid yields, increase gas yields, and produce a more stable liquid product. Increasing iron loading can decrease catalyst coking, but result in greater amounts of polyaromatics in the pyrolysis liquid. Upgraded pyrolysis liquids have lower concentrations of unstable carboxylic acids and aldehydes, with a shift towards a more stable liquid product. Iron-doped montmorillonite catalyst is demonstrated to be a viable, low cost catalyst for mild upgrading of fast pyrolysis vapors.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Martha L. Chacon-Patino, Charlotte Mase, Julien Florent Maillard, Caroline Barrere-Mangote, David C. Dayton, Carlos Afonso, Pierre Giusti, Ryan P. Rodgers
Summary: This study characterized the molecular features of loblolly pine bio-oil and its hydrotreated effluents using mass spectrometry techniques. The molecular data revealed compositional changes over time and highlighted the impacts of catalyst fouling or deactivation. The study also identified specific reaction pathways during hydrotreatment and provided important molecular formula information for future bio-oil upgrading research.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shasha Liu, Gang Wu, Yi Gao, Bin Li, Yu Feng, Jianbin Zhou, Xun Hu, Yong Huang, Shu Zhang, Hong Zhang
Summary: The study showed that catalytic reaction with activated char could increase the relative content of phenolic substances in bio-oil and create more active sites. At higher temperatures, the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in bio-oil increased while oxygen-containing compounds (such as ketones, acids, aldehydes) decreased.
Article
Energy & Fuels
James R. Keiser, Michael P. Brady, Jiheon Jun, Dino Sulejmanovic, Michael D. Kass
Summary: The selection of corrosion-resistant and cost-effective structural materials for biomass-derived oil production, upgrading, and storage has been extensively studied in our laboratory. The wide variety of biomass resources and liquefaction techniques result in products with diverse properties. This paper discusses the materials challenges in three distinct areas. Austenitic stainless steels have generally performed well in the production process at temperatures ranging from 350 to 550 degrees C, although issues such as thicker oxide scales and intergranular attack have been observed. For storage and transport of bio-oil products, organic acids present in the raw bio-oils can cause corrosion to carbon and low-alloy steels. Furthermore, certain subsequent processing methods can lead to corrosion of common austenitic stainless steels during exposure to sulfidizing gas at elevated temperatures. The study identifies cost-effective and sufficiently corrosion-resistant materials for each environment.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rakhmawati Nabila, Wahyu Hidayat, Agus Haryanto, Udin Hasanudin, Dewi Agustina Iryani, Sihyun Lee, Sangdo Kim, Soohyun Kim, Donghyuk Chun, Hokyung Choi, Hyuk Im, Jeonghwan Lim, Kwanyoung Kim, Dukwoo Jun, Jooyeon Moon, Jiho Yoo
Summary: Indonesia, as the largest palm oil producing country in the world, faces the challenge of handling solid waste generated by the oil palm industry. Upgrading this waste through thermochemical processes, such as torrefaction and pyrolysis, has emerged as a promising solution for recycling and reducing environmental damage. This study reviews the environmentally friendly utilization of oil palm biomass in Indonesia, including its availability, properties, governmental policy, and applications of torrefaction and pyrolysis.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
William de Rezende Locatel, Chetna Mohabeer, Dorothee Laurenti, Yves Schuurman, Nolven Guilhaume
Summary: This study investigated the pyrolysis process of pure beech wood and a mixture of beech wood and polyamide-6, and found that the presence of polyamide-6 affected the properties and composition of the bio-oils produced. The use of a catalyst showed beneficial effects on pure beech wood, but these effects were mitigated with the mixture of beech wood and polyamide-6.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei Luo, Tao Wang, Siyan Zhang, Dongyu Zhang, Hang Dong, Min Song, Zhi Zhou
Summary: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the cheap and efficient NiCu/biochar catalyst in catalytic co-pyrolysis, leading to increased yield of pyrolysis oil and higher content of valuable products such as hydrocarbons and CNTs.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Enara Fernandez, Laura Santamaria, Maite Artetxe, Maider Amutio, Aitor Arregi, Gartzen Lopez, Javier Bilbao, Martin Olazar
Summary: This study explored biomass pyrolysis and the in-line catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis volatile stream. Different catalysts were found to promote different reaction pathways and product distributions during the cracking process, and methods to make the volatile stream suitable for further catalytic conversion for the production of hydrogen, fuels, and chemicals were identified.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Anja Oasmaa, Jani Lehto, Yrjo Solantausta, Sirpa Kallio
Summary: The review summarizes VTT's development efforts in fast pyrolysis over the past 40 years, showcasing a wide range of feedstocks and products tested. Plastic wastes are currently seen as the most promising industrial opportunity in this field.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed I. Osman, Mohamed Farghali, Ikko Ihara, Ahmed M. Elgarahy, Amir Ayyad, Neha Mehta, Kim Hoong Ng, Eman M. Abd M. El-Monaem, Abdelazeem S. Eltaweil, Mohamed Hosny, Seham M. Hamed, Samer Fawzy, Pow-Seng Yap, David W. Rooney
Summary: Climate change necessitates the development of advanced carbon-neutral and circular methods for material and fuel production. This review focuses on the pyrolysis of algal and lignocellulosic biomass, analyzing the various products and mechanisms involved, as well as exploring techniques for upgrading the resulting oil. The economic viability and environmental impact of this process are also evaluated through life cycle assessments. The study finds that product yields are significantly influenced by the pyrolysis method and identifies key factors controlling the distribution of pyrolysis products. Furthermore, the potential of biochar in carbon dioxide sequestration and the economic feasibility of biochar and bio-oil generation are discussed.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ying-Long Fu, Yuan-Yuan Chong, Hao Li, Wei Feng, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: Two BODIPY-based fluorescent probes were prepared and compared for their detection performance towards triphosgene, with o-Pha displaying better sensitivity. A red-fluorescence probe, o-Phae, was developed with rapid response and high selectivity for triphosgene. Finally, a facile test strip for phosgene detection was fabricated, showcasing sensitive and selective detection in the gas phase.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Min-Jie Xue, Xiu-Zhi Wei, Wei Feng, Zhong-Fang Xing, Shi-Lei Liu, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: Two fluorescent probe molecules have been developed for rapid and sensitive detections of mustard gas and its analogues in both solutions and gas phase. The method can quickly detect mustard gas at 60 degrees Celsius with high sensitivity and excellent stability in the detection systems.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yi-Ping Cai, Fang-Yuan Nie, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: A metal-free, photocatalyst-free photochemical system has been developed for the direct alkylation of thiophenols using electron donor-acceptor complexes. These complexes have a broad range of visible-light absorption and can effectively trigger the reaction under sunlight.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Hao Li, Hong-Cheng Xia, Fang-Yuan Nie, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: A facile and effective method for synthesizing 2-chloromethylpyridines was developed by one-pot reaction of 2-alkylpyridin-Noxides and triphosgene at room temperature. Mechanistic studies using different substrates revealed that the chlorination reaction involves a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement and can be used to construct a fluorescent probe for detecting phosgene.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Fang-Yuan Nie, Yi-Ping Cai, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: In this paper, a photocatalyst-free and visible light-driven decarboxylative alkylation of pyridinaldehydes is developed. The reactions are initiated by photoinduced single electron transfer and successfully convert pyridinaldehydes and 2-quinolinaldehydes to the corresponding ketones. Besides, this method also enables two other transformations.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Xiang-Gen Chen, Yuan Mei, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: In this article, a new fluorescent probe, CouSePh, was developed for the discriminative detection of three biothiols in biological systems. By introducing 4-phenylselenium as the active group, the probe showed a rapid and sensitive response to the biothiols.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiang-Gen Chen, Yuan Mei, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: In this paper, a novel fluorescent probe was developed for the selective detection of biothiols in biological systems. The probe has been successfully applied to sense biothiols in living cells.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wei Feng, Xiao-Jun Liu, Min-Jie Xue, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: In this study, a fluorescent probe with two sensing sites was developed to detect and distinguish mustard gas and phosgene. The probe showed high sensitivity and selectivity towards mustard gas, as well as high selectivity towards phosgene. Additionally, a portable test strip was prepared to qualitatively and quantitatively detect 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide and phosgene using the RGB channel intensity of the test strip measured by a smartphone with an RGB color application.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xu-Li Miao, Wei Feng, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: In this study, three electron donor-acceptor fluorescent probes were developed for rapid detection of phosgene. Among them, probe 2a showed the fastest response time (5 s), the lowest limit of detection (1.4 nM), and significant fluorescence change from green to bright blue in solution. Test strips fabricated with probe 2a exhibited good selectivity and sensitivity for phosgene detection in the gas phase.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiao-Jun Liu, Wei Feng, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: A novel fluorescent probe PCS was developed for rapid and selective detection of SM and its simulant CEES. PCS showed excellent chemical and photostability, and could generate reactive species for rapid detection within 90 seconds. The probe also enabled in situ detection and gas phase detection of CEES with high sensitivity, as well as facile and rapid detection of CEES-contaminated surfaces.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yi-Ping Cai, Meng-Yue Ma, Xiao Xu, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: The dearomatization of N-(o-haloarylformyl)indoles has been achieved using photochemical methods, specifically with a photocatalyst or direct excitation via stepwise reduction/protonation. A visible light-driven dearomatization of an N-(o-haloarylformyl)indole in an electron donor-acceptor complex with a thiophenol is reported, with mechanistic studies revealing the formation of 2-arylindoline through photoinduced electron transfer and radical reaction. This photochemical method is versatile, allowing for the conversion of a wide range of substrates and providing a new alternative approach to developing the dearomatization of N-arylformylindoles.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Mei, Ziyun Li, Kuanrong Rong, Zijuan Hai, Wenjian Tang, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: A dual functional BODIPY fluorescent probe has been developed for simultaneous detection of H2O2 and viscosity. Bioimaging results show that H2O2 accumulates and cytoplasmic viscosity increases during PA-induced pyroptosis.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Yuan Mei, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: Real-time and sensitive detection of biothiols is crucial in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. This study successfully developed a series of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probes for the rapid detection of biothiols and discrimination between GSH and Cys/Hcy. Compared to existing probes, these new probes exhibited lower detection limits and faster response times, making them ideal for detecting biothiols in live cells.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Mei, Hao Li, Cheng-Zhou Song, Xiang-Gen Chen, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: The BODIPY fluorescent probe ASeBD, constructed with 8-arylselenium as the active group, enables rapid and sensitive detection as well as dual-channel discrimination of GSH and Cys/Hcy in solution and living cells, with its mechanism demonstrated.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Hong-Wei Chen, Qin-Hua Song
Summary: This study presents a direct regioselective benzoyloxylative dearomatization of alpha- and beta-naphthols by benzoyl peroxide in an air atmosphere, under radical inhibitor- and catalyst-free conditions, at room temperature. The methodology offers a new efficient strategy for the construction of alpha-ketol derivatives with oxo-quaternary carbon center from naphthols with good to excellent yields.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
