Article
Neurosciences
Jennifer M. Erichsen, Jim R. Fadel, Lawrence P. Reagan
Summary: Insulin and leptin are important in metabolism and have multiple functions in both the periphery and central nervous system. Resistance to insulin and leptin can impact cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases, with deficits in neuroplasticity potentially reversible by restoring sensitivity to these hormones.
Article
Biology
Amanda E. Brandon, Lewin Small, Tuong-Vi Nguyen, Eurwin Suryana, Henry Gong, Christian Yassmin, Sarah E. Hancock, Tamara Pulpitel, Sophie Stonehouse, Letisha Prescott, Melkam A. Kebede, Belinda Yau, Lake-Ee Quek, Greg M. Kowalski, Clinton R. Bruce, Nigel Turner, Gregory J. Cooney
Summary: Obesity is generally associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but there is a subset of obese individuals who remain insulin sensitive. Recent research suggests that high carbohydrate diets can cause obesity in mice without glucose intolerance. This study found that dietary manipulation can influence insulin action independently of adiposity, and specific ceramide species may be associated with these differences.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Domenico Corica, Maria Rosaria Licenziati, Valeria Calcaterra, Monica Curro, Claudia Di Mento, Selenia Curatola, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Angela Alibrandi, Riccardo Ientile, Tommaso Aversa, Malgorzata Wasniewska
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormones, severity of overweight, and glyco-metabolic alterations in prepubertal euthyroid children with obesity. The results showed that sensitivity to thyroid hormones was significantly affected by the severity of overweight and the presence of insulin resistance in prepubertal children with obesity. This could potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of glucose metabolism impairment.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela Fangmann, Corinna Geisler, Kristina Schlicht, Katharina Hartmann, Jana Koepke, Anika Tiede, Ute Settgast, Kathrin Tuerk, Dominik M. Schulte, Karina Altmann, Ingrid Clawin-Raedecker, Peter Ch Lorenzen, Stefan Schreiber, Karin Schwarz, Matthias Laudes
Summary: The study found that total nutritional protein intake is inversely associated with FGF-21 serum levels, while a purified and well-characterised oligopeptide is able to induce an increase in FGF-21 serum levels in humans. These findings indicate a differential role of various components of protein metabolism on FGF-21, rather than this factor solely being a sensor of total nutritional protein intake.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sayani Mukherjee, Silje Skrede, Martha Haugstoyl, Miguel Lopez, Johan Ferno
Summary: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, caused by excessive nutrient intake leading to adipose tissue expansion and cellular stress. In addition to adipose tissue macrophages, other organs such as the liver, muscle, and pancreas also show pro-inflammatory activation. Pro-inflammatory signaling in the central nervous system is involved in appetite dysregulation and metabolic disturbances.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yue Tong, Sai Xu, Lili Huang, Chen Chen
Summary: The prevalence of obesity is a major cause of chronic metabolic disorders. This review discusses the mechanisms of insulin resistance and current therapeutic strategies for obesity.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ala Ud Din, Maria Khan, Muhammad Zahir Shah, Abdur Rauf, Umer Rashid, Anees Ahmed Khalil, Khair Zaman, Yahya S. Al-Awthan, Mohammed A. Al-Duais, Omar Bahattab, Adil A. H. Mujawah, Naveed Muhammad
Summary: The research suggests that ficusonolide from Ficus foveolata has potential antidiabetic activity by enhancing glucose uptake and significantly reducing hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. Additionally, ficusonolide displayed inhibitory activity against key proteins involved in diabetes, indicating a possible mechanism for its antidiabetic effects.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Keyvan Mehri, Gholamreza Hamidian, Zohreh Zavvari Oskuye, Sepehr Nayebirad, Fereshteh Farajdokht
Summary: Lifestyle changes have led to metabolic disorders becoming a major threat to life. Evidence shows that obesity and diabetes disrupt the reproductive system through their effects on gonads and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Apelin, an adipocytokine, and its receptor (APJ) are involved in the control of reproductive function and also affect food intake, insulin sensitivity, fluid homeostasis, and glucose and lipid metabolisms. This review highlights the physiological effects of the apelinergic system, the relationship between apelin and metabolic disorders, and the impact of apelin on the reproductive system in both genders. The apelin-APJ system may serve as a potential therapeutic target for managing obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and reproductive disorders.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose E. Galgani, Rodrigo Fernandez-Verdejo
Summary: Glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids are oxidized to produce ATP for energy, and the complex adaptive systems in the body adjust fuel oxidation rates based on fuel availability. Metabolic flexibility refers to the ability of cells, tissues, or organisms to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability, which can be impaired in conditions like insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity. Mitochondrial dysfunction in these conditions has been linked to metabolic inflexibility and overall metabolic health.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rana Halloun, Alfonso Galderisi, Sonia Caprio, Ram Weiss
Summary: This study found that adipose tissue insulin resistance does not protect against increases in the degree of obesity in youth with obesity, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance is not associated with increases in the degree of obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephanie Kullmann, Dominik Blum, Benjamin Assad Jaghutriz, Christoph Gassenmaier, Benjamin Bender, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Gerald Reischl, Hubert Preissl, Christian la Fougere, Andreas Fritsche, Matthias Reimold, Martin Heni
Summary: This study demonstrates that central administration of insulin can impact dopaminergic activity in the striatum, which in turn affects regional brain activity and connectivity. The interaction between insulin and dopamine and the regulation of whole-body metabolism through a complex network are further elucidated by our findings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lina Zhang, Chen Chen, Cong Liu, Yi Zhang, Jianlong Fang, Jingxiu Han, Feng Zhao, Peng Du, Qiong Wang, Jiaonan Wang, Wanying Shi, Weidong Wang, Su Shi, Renjie Chen, Haidong Kan, Xia Meng, Tiantian Li, Xiaoming Shi
Summary: This study found that there are non-linear associations between greenness exposure and obesity, with higher levels of greenness significantly associated with lower obesity risk.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arianna Solito, Nicole Bozzi Cionci, Matteo Calgaro, Marina Caputo, Lucia Vannini, Iderina Hasballa, Francesca Archero, Enza Giglione, Roberta Ricotti, Gillian Elisabeth Walker, Antonella Petri, Emanuela Agosti, Giorgio Bellomo, Gianluca Aimaretti, Gianni Bona, Simonetta Bellone, Angela Amoruso, Marco Pane, Diana Di Gioia, Nicola Vitulo, Flavia Prodam
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of probiotics on weight, metabolism, gut microbial groups, and functionality in youths with obesity through a double-blind, randomized control trial. The results showed that an 8-week treatment with B. breve BR03 and B632 had beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity in youths with obesity, suggesting that microbiota functionality may influence metabolic responses to probiotics and tailored probiotic treatments could be an additional strategy for obesity.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yoriko Heianza, Knut Krohn, Qiaochu Xue, Anat Yaskolka Meir, Stefanie Ziesche, Uta Ceglarek, Matthias Bluher, Maria Keller, Peter Kovacs, Iris Shai, Lu Qi
Summary: This study suggests that lifestyle interventions can improve body fat distribution and reduce diabetogenic fat accumulation in individuals with abdominal obesity. The decrease in circulating miR-99-5p/100-5p expression is associated with these improvements.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beatrice Bonafos, Antonio J. Cortes-Espinar, Laurence Balas, Laurence Pessemesse, Karen Lambert, Melha Benlebna, Sylvie Gaillet, Francois Pelletier, Pierre Delobel, Javier Avila-Roman, Miquel Mulero Abellan, Christelle Bertrand-Gaday, Thierry Durand, Charles Coudray, Francois Casas, Christine Feillet-Coudray
Summary: 9-palmitic acid esters of hydroxypalmitic acid (9-PAHPA) increased insulin sensitivity in mice but had only few effects on obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacqueline M. Wallace, John S. Milne, Raymond P. Aitken, Dale A. Redmer, Lawrence P. Reynolds, Justin S. Luther, Graham W. Horgan, Clare L. Adam
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. L. Adam, P. A. Williams, J. S. Milne, R. P. Aitken, J. M. Wallace
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Reproductive Biology
David J. Carr, Jacqueline M. Wallace, Raymond P. Aitken, John S. Milne, John F. Martin, Ian C. Zachary, Donald M. Peebles, Anna L. David
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2016)
Article
Developmental Biology
David J. Carr, Anna L. David, Raymond P. Aitken, John S. Milne, Pawel P. Borowicz, Jacqueline M. Wallace, Dale A. Redmer
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline M. Wallace, Sohinee Bhattacharya, Doris M. Campbell, Graham W. Horgan
Review
Developmental Biology
K. D. Sinclair, K. M. D. Rutherford, J. M. Wallace, J. M. Brameld, R. Stoger, R. Alberio, D. Sweetman, D. S. Gardner, V. E. A. Perry, C. L. Adam, C. J. Ashworth, J. E. Robinson, C. M. Dwyer
REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline M. Wallace, Sohinee Bhattacharya, Graham W. Horgan
Article
Developmental Biology
Jacqueline M. Wallace, John S. Milne, Raymond P. Aitken, Graham W. Horgan, Clare L. Adam
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacqueline M. Wallace
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jacqueline M. Wallace, Joeleita P. Agard, Graham W. Horgan
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline M. Wallace, John S. Milne, Beth W. Aitken, Raymond P. Aitken, Clare L. Adam
Article
Developmental Biology
Jacqueline M. Wallace, John S. Milne, Raymond P. Aitken
Summary: The competition for nutrients during pregnancy in biologically immature adolescent girls may increase the risk of preterm delivery and low birthweight. Overfeeding could lead to fetal growth restriction, with overnourished adolescent dams showing leaner and lighter body characteristics at conception and greater gestational weight gain in early pregnancy. Maternal leptin concentrations in overnourished dams were higher and changes in leptin levels throughout pregnancy predicted reduced fetal cotyledon mass and birthweight.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dylan Peter McClurg, Mika Gissler, Miriam Gatt, Jacqueline Wallace, Sohinee Bhattacharya
Summary: Changes in interpregnancy BMI have a modest impact on the risk of high birthweight, PE and IUGR in contrasting directions. However, a prior history of PE and IUGR is the dominant predictor of recurrence in the second pregnancy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline M. Wallace, Paul O. Shepherd, John S. Milne, Raymond P. Aitken
Summary: In overnourished pregnant sheep, there is a risk of premature delivery and prenatal growth restriction, leading to issues with lamb birthweight and health. However, with appropriate feeding and care, these problems can be mitigated, as demonstrated by proactive neonatal care regime in overcoming complications associated with extreme prematurity and low birthweight.
Article
Developmental Biology
Jacqueline M. Wallace, John S. Milne, Clare L. Adam, Raymond P. Aitken