Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah E. Fritz, Soumya Ranganathan, Clara D. Wang, J. Robert Hogg
Summary: This study reveals that an alternative isoform of the core NMD factor UPF1, UPF1(LL), can remodel the specificity of NMD in response to cellular stress. UPF1(LL) is able to bypass specific protective RNA binding proteins, bind and down-regulate transcripts with long 3'UTRs, and induce NMD in response to cellular stress conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabrice Lejeune
Summary: Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a mechanism for rapidly eliminating mRNAs with premature termination codons and also regulates multiple genes. Researchers have discovered that NMD must be regulated to express genes that are normally repressed by NMD under specific physiological conditions, so a comprehensive understanding of NMD regulation is important for therapeutic purposes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eichi Watabe, Marina Togo-Ohno, Yuma Ishigami, Shotaro Wani, Keiko Hirota, Mariko Kimura-Asami, Sharmin Hasan, Satomi Takei, Akiyoshi Fukamizu, Yutaka Suzuki, Tsutomu Suzuki, Hidehito Kuroyanagi
Summary: The homeostasis of SAM synthetase in C. elegans is maintained through alternative splicing regulation and m(6)A modification, with splicing regulation achieved through NMD and regulated by U6 snRNA methyltransferase.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gabrielle Zuniga, Simon Levy, Paulino Ramirez, Jasmine De Mange, Elias Gonzalez, Maria Gamez, Bess Frost
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms behind altered RNA processing in tauopathies, specifically focusing on the reduction of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) activity. The researchers find that deficits in NMD contribute to neurodegeneration in tauopathy through aberrant RNA export and accumulation. They identify a pharmacological activator of NMD that suppresses neurodegeneration in a tau transgenic Drosophila model, suggesting potential therapeutic value for tauopathy patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Preeti Nagar, Md Rafikul Islam, Mohammad Alinoor Rahman
Summary: NMD is a mechanism that ensures gene expression accuracy and regulation by degrading erroneous transcripts and modulating the abundance of endogenous mRNAs. It plays diverse biological functions during development, adaptation, and stress response. In tumorigenesis, NMD can be exploited by tumor cells to degrade specific mRNAs or suppressed to promote the expression of oncoproteins.
Review
Virology
Md Robel Ahmed, Zhiyou Du
Summary: The interaction between viruses and hosts is dynamic and evolutionary. Eukaryotic hosts have multiple defense mechanisms against viral infection, including the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) system. NMD ensures the accuracy of mRNA translation by degrading abnormal mRNAs. Many RNA viruses have internal stop codons (iTC), which activate NMD and lead to degradation of viral genomes. Some viruses are sensitive to NMD-mediated antiviral defense, while others have evolved mechanisms to overcome or escape NMD. This review summarizes the current understanding of NMD-mediated viral RNA degradation and the ways in which viruses compromise NMD for better infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Damaris Wallmeroth, Jan-Wilm Lackmann, Sabrina Kueckelmann, Janine Altmueller, Christoph Dieterich, Volker Boehm, Niels H. Gehring
Summary: The paralogous proteins UPF3A and UPF3B in humans play important roles in recognizing mRNAs targeted by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). UPF3B supports NMD by bridging an exon junction complex (EJC) to the NMD factor UPF2. The role of UPF3A has been described as either a weak NMD activator or an NMD inhibitor. However, knockout or overexpression of UPF3A or knockout of UPF3B did not significantly affect global NMD activity. Co-depletion of UPF3A and UPF3B resulted in NMD inhibition, indicating functional redundancy between these two NMD factors.
Article
Plant Sciences
Miryam A. Cymerman, Helen Saul, Ronit Farhi, Karina Vexler, Dror Gottlieb, Irina Berezin, Orit Shaul
Summary: Translated upstream open reading frames (uORFs) can inhibit the translation of main open reading frames (ORFs) and lead to transcript degradation in eukaryotic cells. In mammalian cells, the length, structure, and reinitiation efficiency of translated uORFs play important roles in determining whether the transcripts will be targeted for degradation by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. However, the significance of these factors in NMD targeting for plants is still not well-studied.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julie Carrard, Fiona Ratajczak, Josephine Elsens, Catherine Leroy, Rebekah Kong, Lucie Geoffroy, Arnaud Comte, Guy Fournet, Benoit Joseph, Xiubin Li, Sylvie Moebs-Sanchez, Fabrice Lejeune
Summary: The study has built a new screening system and identified two new molecules that can effectively inhibit nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). These molecules show no cellular toxicity at tested concentrations and have been validated in a lung cancer model with a nonsense mutation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingling Sun, Justine Mailliot, Christiane Schaffitzel
Summary: Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a cellular surveillance mechanism that degrades mRNAs with a premature stop codon and downregulates the expression of endogenous transcripts. The core NMD factors are conserved from yeast to human, but mammals have diversified NMD pathways with additional factors. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and cellular roles of NMD and discusses its implications in neurodevelopmental diseases, cancer, and strategies used by RNA viruses to evade recognition by the NMD machinery.
Article
Cell Biology
Alison J. Inglis, Alina Guna, Angel Galvez-Merchan, Akshaye Pal, Theodore K. Esantsi, Heather R. Keys, Evgeni M. Frenkel, Robert Oania, Jonathan S. Weissman, Rebecca M. Voorhees
Summary: Translation of mRNAs containing premature termination codons (PTCs) results in truncated protein products with deleterious effects. Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) is responsible for detecting and degrading these proteins, and it relies on the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Screening experiments identified factors involved in NMD-associated protein quality control and revealed a shared recognition event for both mRNA and protein branches of NMD.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hanae Sato, Robert H. Singer
Summary: The author developed a single-cell reporter system to investigate cell-to-cell variability of NMD efficiency. The study revealed a wide range of NMD efficiency in different cells, potentially linked to the expression levels of surveillance factors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yanjie Tan, Jing Zhang, Yi Jin
Summary: Skeletal muscle regeneration is a vital physiological process that responds to injury or disease. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) has been found to inhibit myoblast differentiation by targeting the phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 gene, leading to the suppression of MyoD's transcriptional activity. Inhibiting NMD can accelerate muscle regeneration, making it a potential therapeutic target for muscle-related injuries and diseases.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Grosse, Yen-Yun Lu, Ivo Coban, Bettina Neumann, Heike Krebber
Summary: This study revealed that Gbp2 and Hrb1 are involved in nonsense mediated decay of premature termination codon-containing mRNAs by forming a complex with Upf proteins. They aid in transmitting PTC recognition signals and promoting translation repression and RNA degradation, thus controlling mRNA quality beyond the nuclear border. Identification of SR proteins as global surveillance factors in yeast sheds light on their potential role in understanding the complex human system with diseases related to defects in SR proteins or NMD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana Cho, Elizabeth T. Abshire, Maximilian W. Popp, Christoph Proschel, Joshua L. Schwartz, Gene W. Yeo, Lynne E. Maquat
Summary: This study identifies 13 proteins constituting the AKT signaling pathway as novel effectors of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). The study shows that AKT supersedes UPF2 in exon-junction complexes (EJCs) and increases UPF1 helicase activity through phosphorylation, contributing to the hyperactivation of NMD in Fragile X syndrome.
Article
Immunology
Jessica C. Hargarten, Tyler C. Moore, Thomas M. Petro, Kenneth W. Nickerson, Audrey L. Atkin
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2015)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Megan Peccarelli, Taylor D. Scott, Megan Steele, Bessie W. Kebaara
FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY
(2016)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenneth W. Nickerson, Audrey L. Atkin
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan Peccarelli, Taylor D. Scott, Hoifung Wong, Xuya Wang, Bessie W. Kebaara
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
(2014)
Review
Microbiology
Megan Peccarelli, Bessie W. Kebaara
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Megan Peccarelli, Bessie W. Kebaara
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2014)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kaitlin Murtha, Munok Hwang, Megan C. Peccarelli, Taylor D. Scott, Bessie W. Kebaara
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan Peccarelli, Taylor D. Scott, Bessie W. Kebaara
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelo Wong, Ernest Moses Lam, Cheryl Pai, Annika Gunderson, Tamar E. Carter, Bessie W. Kebaara
Summary: Regulation of mRNA steady-state levels is crucial for controlling gene expression in response to environmental stimuli, with the NMD pathway playing a key role. Different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains exhibit varied responses to NMD depending on environmental cues, such as copper and cadmium. Additionally, specific alleles of the PCA1 gene are regulated similarly by NMD in response to copper but differently in response to cadmium in different yeast strains.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cory H. T. Boone, Daniel J. Gutzmann, Jaxon J. Kramer, Audrey L. Atkin, Kenneth W. Nickerson
Summary: This study developed a high-throughput gas chromatography assay for the analysis of small lipophilic molecules secreted by the human commensal fungus Candida albicans. This assay has many advantages, such as preventing analyte loss, simultaneous cell lysis and analyte extraction, and the ability to compare whole cultures with their cell pellets and supernatants. Using this method, the researchers found that the levels of farnesol and three aromatic fusel alcohols are greatly influenced by the choice of growth medium, and the synthesis and secretion of the three aromatic fusel alcohols occur during stationary phase.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyi Zhang, Bessie W. Kebaara
Summary: The Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway, a translation-dependent mRNA degradation pathway, not only degrades mRNAs with premature termination codons, but also plays a crucial role in regulating metal homeostasis and detoxification pathways.
Article
Respiratory System
Hoang Bui, Jessica L. Helms, Miguel Sierra-Hoffman, Mark L. Stevens, Rafael Deliz-Aguirre, Miriams T. Castro-Lainez, Rafael J. Deliz
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE CASE REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Liem T. Tran, Jessica L. Helms, Miguel Sierra-Hoffman, Mark L. Stevens, Rafael Deliz-Aguirre, Mirams T. Castro-Lainez, Rafael J. Deliz
Article
Infectious Diseases
Miriams T. Castro-Lainez, Rafael Deliz-Aguirre, Daphne Antunez, Marco Cruz-Codina, Lizbeth Cahuayme-Zuniga, Karla Vitale, Miguel Sierra-Hoffman, John K. Midturi
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kimberly Saddler, Miriams T. Castro-Lainez, Rafael Deliz-Aguirre, Julieta Munoz, Jorge Augusto Aguilar Espinal, Miguel Sierra-Hoffman, Harish Chandna, Alan Howel, John Midturi, Richard Winn