Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Chen, Jiacheng Dai, Longfei Tang, Tatiana Mikhailova, Qiuman Liang, Miao Li, Jiaqi Zhou, Richard F. Kopp, Cynthia Weickert, Chao Chen, Chunyu Liu
Summary: Neuroinflammation has been found to play a role in multiple brain disorders, and this study compared the expression changes of immune-related genes across different disorders. The results showed significant alterations in these genes in various brain disorders, mainly related to innate immunity. The study also revealed interactions between the neuroimmune system and neuronal-systems, shedding light on the pathology of these disorders.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sajida Malik, Hao Wang, Soniya Xavier, Mary Slayo, Steve Bozinovski, Luba Sominsky, Sarah J. Spencer
Summary: The study shows that immune response can still occur in the absence of microglia and monocytes, but it is exacerbated and prolonged due to excessive neutrophil response in peripheral organs.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hao Wang, Yongyan Song, Yuxin Wu, Virender Kumar, Ram I. Mahato, Qiaozhu Su
Summary: The miR-378 family plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance by targeting metabolic signaling at both mRNA and protein levels. Upregulated miR-378a induces mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress by targeting PPARα mRNA and activating PKR, thereby sustaining metabolic stress and inflammatory response. Targeting miR-378a may offer therapeutic potential in managing metabolic disorders.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gretel B. Kamm, Jan Siemens
Summary: New research reveals how neuronal circuits detect illness and coordinate specific responses.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mara Veronica Millan Solano, Citlaltepetl Salinas Lara, Carlos Sanchez-Garibay, Luis O. Soto-Rojas, Itzel Escobedo-Avila, Martha Lilia Tena-Suck, Rocio Ortiz-Butron, Jose Alberto Choreno-Parra, Jose Pablo Romero-Lopez, Maria Estela Melendez Camargo
Summary: Central nervous system (CNS) infections, such as meningitis and encephalitis, can lead to damage in nervous tissue due to inflammation. In addition, systemic inflammation caused by pathologies like sepsis can also affect the CNS. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the release of inflammatory mediators and damage molecules, which can modify the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), leading to aseptic neuroinflammation. Glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, play a crucial role in neuroinflammation by releasing various substances that contribute to neuronal damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Junhua Xie, Lien Van Hoecke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with increasing prevalence. Current treatments are limited to symptomatic medication, and there is a need for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms to develop more rational therapies. Peripheral inflammation has been identified as a detrimental factor in AD, and this review provides an overview of the link between peripheral inflammation and AD initiation and progression, contributing to a broader understanding of the disease pathology.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Howard Chi Ho Yim, Arindam Chakrabarti, Sean Kessler, Hiroyuki Morimoto, Die Wang, Dhanya Sooraj, Afsar U. Ahmed, Carol de la Motte, Robert H. Silverman, Bryan RG. Williams, Anthony J. Sadler
Summary: In this study, we investigate the role of protein kinase R (PKR), an innate immune molecule, in intestinal inflammation. We use wild-type and two transgenic mice strains with mutations in PKR expression to model the effects of PKR on the response to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Our findings suggest that PKR protects against DSS-induced weight loss and inflammation in a kinase-dependent and -independent manner, while increasing susceptibility to DSS-induced injury through a kinase-dependent mechanism. We propose that PKR alters gut physiology, specifically goblet cell function and gut microbiota, which regulates inflammasome activity by controlling autophagy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Matthew G. Frank, Kathy H. Nguyen, Jayson B. Ball, Shelby Hopkins, Tel Kelley, Michael V. Baratta, Monika Fleshner, Steven F. Maier
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to neuroinflammation and neurological symptoms, with the structural protein S1 potentially inducing these processes independently of viral infection. Experimental findings show that S1 causes various physiological and behavioral changes in rats and microglial cells in vitro, as well as alterations in neuroimmune gene and protein expression, suggesting a role in neuroinflammatory processes via receptor engagement.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fulton T. Crews, Rachael P. Fisher, Liya Qin, Ryan P. Vetreno
Summary: Adolescent binge drinking increases various receptors and signaling associated with inflammation in the adult basal forebrain, leading to persistent reductions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Studies show that anti-inflammatory interventions can reverse the neuroimmune signaling and loss of cholinergic neurons caused by adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure. Experiments using basal forebrain slice culture demonstrate that ethanol can recapitulate the loss of cholinergic neurons and reduction of cholinergic phenotype genes. This process involves proinflammatory signaling, epigenetic changes, and transcriptional repression through REST-G9a pathway.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Abi G. Yates, Caroline M. Weglinski, Yuxin Ying, Isobel K. Dunstan, Tatyana Strekalova, Daniel C. Anthony
Summary: The study demonstrates that nafamostat has anti-inflammatory effects in addition to its ability to inhibit TMPRSS2, and R848 administration provides a useful model for ssRNA virus infection, inducing inflammation and virus infection-like illness in the periphery and CNS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Piyush Padhi, Carter Worth, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Kumar Sambamurti, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
Summary: The interaction between the human gut microbiota and the brain is crucial for regulating metabolism, neurodevelopment, and immune pathways. Imbalance in the gut microbiota is associated with various neurological disorders and comorbidities. Potential mechanisms linking gut microbial dysbiosis and neurodegeneration include chronic inflammation, protein misfolding, and propagation of disease-specific pathology.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rishabh Sharma, Akram Zamani, Larissa K. Dill, Mujun Sun, Erskine Chu, Marcus J. Robinson, Terence J. O'Brien, Sandy R. Shultz, Bridgette D. Semple
Summary: The study revealed that TBI patients exhibit widespread physiological symptoms after infection, but these symptoms do not synergize with prior TBI. This finding provides new insights into the potential impact of this "two-hit insult" to the injured pediatric brain.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Danxi Li, Di Hu, Yuta Ochi, Wakiko Arakaki, Aya Mawatari, Mika Shigeta, Yuping Wu, Emi Hayashinaka, Hiroyuki Neyama, Tsuyoshi Tahara, Yasuhiro Wada, Feng Li, Hisashi Doi, Yasuyoshi Watanabe, Yilong Cui
Summary: To investigate the mechanism of fatigue induced by peripheral infection, this study conducted a brain-wide investigation of neuroinflammation using PET imaging analysis in a peripheral pseudoinfection rat model.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wen-Shin Song, Tai-Ho Hung, Shing-Hwa Liu, Yin-Ting Zheng, Hsin-Mei Lin, Feng-Yi Yang
Summary: Systemic inflammation is linked to intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation through the gut-brain axis. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. This study demonstrates that abdominal LIPUS stimulation attenuates LPS-induced colonic inflammation and neuroinflammation, offering new insights into the treatment of neuroinflammation-related brain disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
S. Alboni, C. Benatti, C. Colliva, G. Radighieri, J. M. C. Blom, N. Brunello, F. Tascedda
Summary: The study demonstrates that pretreatment with Vortioxetine prevents LPS-induced cognitive memory impairment without affecting acute sickness behavior and anhedonia. Vortioxetine may impact the immune response by affecting the microglia in the hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anuri Shah, Jianfei Chao, Cristina Legido-Quigley, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
Summary: The study demonstrates that oxyresveratrol has protective effects against ER stress in two different PD cell models, acting through diverse mechanisms and presenting as a promising candidate for PD treatment.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Yuen-Shan Ho, Fei-Yi Zhao, Wing-Fai Yeung, Gordon Tin-Chun Wong, Hong-Qi Zhang, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Liumin He, Zhongqing Sun, Jianshuang Li, Rong Zhu, Ben Niu, Ka Long Tam, Qiao Xiao, Jun Li, Wenjun Wang, Chi Ying Tsui, Vincent Wing Hong Lee, Kwok-Fai So, Ying Xu, Seeram Ramakrishna, Qinghua Zhou, Kin Chiu
Summary: Electrical stimulation enhances neural stem cell differentiation into mature neurons by promoting autophagy signaling, which can significantly improve the success rate of neuroregeneration therapy at injured central nervous system sites.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jinfeng Liu, Kelvin Tong, Youhong Lin, Vincent W. H. Lee, Kwok Fai So, Kendrick Co Shih, Jimmy S. M. Lai, Kin Chiu
Summary: Electrical stimulation therapy shows promising therapeutic effects on preserving visual function in retinal degeneration and optic neuropathy. More large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to explore its potential in age-related macular degeneration, retinal artery occlusion, and glaucoma. The lack of comparison between different ES methods in the same disease populations highlights the need for further research to optimize parameters and detection methods.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yalun Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yahyah Aman, Cheung Toa Ng, Wing-Hin Chau, Zhigang Zhang, Ming Yue, Christopher Bohm, Yizhen Jia, Siwen Li, Qiuju Yuan, Jennifer Griffin, Kin Chiu, Dana S. M. Wong, Binbin Wang, Dongyan Jin, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Paul E. Fraser, Evandro F. Fang, Peter St George-Hyslop, You-Qiang Song
Summary: Research has shown that the transcription factor PAX6 is increased in Alzheimer's disease, playing a key role in the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein induced by amyloid-beta. Downregulation of PAX6 can protect against amyloid-beta-induced neuronal death. This study provides novel potential targets for pharmaceutical intervention by modulating signaling pathways involving CDK/pRB/E2F1.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingwen Hui, Yun Zhao, Shasha Yu, Jinfeng Liu, Kin Chiu, Yan Wang
Summary: The study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on retinal microvascular impairments in MCI and AD patients using OCTA. Results showed a decrease in vessel density and enlargement of FAZ in MCI patients, while AD patients exhibited decreased vessel density in SCP. Further investigation in larger scale clinical trials is warranted.
Article
Neurosciences
Mengrong Zhang, Liting Zhong, Xiu Han, Guoyin Xiong, Di Xu, Sensen Zhang, Haiyang Cheng, Kin Chiu, Ying Xu
Summary: The timeline of degenerative processes in the retina and the brain in 5xFAD mice is similar, supporting the use of non-invasive methods to test retinal structure and function for early Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Shuo Jia, Fushun Chen, Huogang Wang, Gandhervin Kesavamoorthy, Jimmy Shiu-Ming Lai, Ian Yat-Hing Wong, Kin Chiu, Jonathan Cheuk-Hung Chan
Summary: The study showed that vitamin D3 can inhibit the proliferation and migration of human Tenon's fibroblasts at a certain concentration without compromising cellular viability. This finding has potential clinical applications for improving the outcomes of pterygium and filtering surgeries.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhong-Qing Sun, Jin-Feng Liu, Wei Luo, Ching-Hin Wong, Kwok-Fai So, Yong Hu, Kin Chiu
Summary: Lycium barbarum extract can inhibit the inflammatory response in microglial cells induced by oligomeric Aβ and promote anti-inflammatory response.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jinfeng Liu, Larry Baum, Shasha Yu, Youhong Lin, Guoying Xiong, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang, Kwok Fai So, Kin Chiu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum extracts (LBE) on synapse loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results indicate that high dose LBE can preserve presynaptic structures in the retina of 3xTg-AD mice and decrease oxidative stress and intracellular calcium influx.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wai-Yin Cheng, Yuen-Shan Ho, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests a close relationship between disruption of circadian rhythms, gut dysbiosis, and aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has revolutionized research in neurological disorders and offers new perspectives on pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. The crosstalk between the brain and gut microbiota occurs through multiple systems, including endocrine, immune, and nervous. Recent studies have shown that host circadian rhythms influence the composition and diurnal oscillation of gut microbiota, highlighting the importance of investigating the microbiome-gut-brain axis. This article aims to review current research on the interaction between circadian rhythms and the microbiome-gut-brain axis, as well as the potential contribution to neurodegenerative diseases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Nursing
Jiayin Ruan, Shucheng Chen, Jiagui Liang, Fiona Yan Yee Ho, Teris Cheung, Janice Yuen Shan Ho, Wai Chi Chan, Haiyong Chen, Dennis Cheuk Wing Au, Rebecca Wing Yan Lee, Yim Wah Mak, Wing Fai Yeung
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis and found that TCM-based integrated health interventions were effective in relieving depression. However, due to the low quality of the included studies, future rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to provide more robust evidence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ran You, Yuen-Shan Ho, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
Summary: The increasing amount of particulate matter (PM) in the ambient air is associated with a higher risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have shown that PM-induced neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and damage in blood-brain barrier and neurovascular units contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liumin He, Qiao Xiao, Yuyuan Zhao, Jun Li, Sathish Reddy, Xueshuang Shi, Xin Su, Kin Chiu, Seeram Ramakrishna
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lingjia Liu, Wenbo Cheng, Di Wu, Luxia Chen, Shasha Yu, Tong Zuo, Lin Zhang, Kun Yang, Hua Li, Hui Zhang, Pinghui Wei, Alex Lap Ki Ng, George Pak-Man Cheng, Victor Chi-Pang Woo, Jia Yin, Kin Chiu, Yan Wang
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2020)