Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sascha Pust, Andreas Brech, Catherine Sem Wegner, Harald Stenmark, Kaisa Haglund
Summary: Cellular abscission is the final step of cytokinesis. ALIX and TSG101 proteins are involved in recruiting ESCRT-III to the midbody, and together with CHMP4B, they form spiral-like structures from the midbody to the abscission site. ALIX and CHMP4B are transported in vesicles along microtubules by the kinesin-1 motor protein to the cytokinetic bridge and midbody, contributing to abscission.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahide Matsui, Futaba Osaki, Shu Hiragi, Yuriko Sakamaki, Mitsunori Fukuda
Summary: The study demonstrates that different types of small extracellular vesicles, known as exosomes, are differentially secreted from the apical and basolateral sides of polarized epithelial cells. Two independent machineries are responsible for the polarized exosome release from epithelial cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Pauline P. Marie, Shih-Jung Fan, John Mason, Adam Wells, Claudia C. Mendes, S. Mark Wainwright, Sheherezade Scott, Roman Fischer, Adrian L. Harris, Clive Wilson, Deborah C. I. Goberdhan
Summary: Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles formed in late endosomes with the help of core proteins of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT). Accessory ESCRT-III components are involved in vesicle scission but have a specific role in Rab11a-exosome generation. Knockdown of these proteins inhibits exosome production and suppresses pro-tumorigenic activities.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Curtis B. Read, Mary Clark H. Lind, Travis J. Chiarelli, Jerilyn R. Izac, Haley E. Adcox, Richard T. Marconi, Jason A. Carlyon
Summary: Anaplasma phagocytophilum exploits multivesicular body biogenesis and trafficking to benefit various stages of its intracellular infection cycle. This bacterium causes granulocytic anaplasmosis, a globally emerging zoonotic disease with limited antibiotic treatment options.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rostyslav Horbay, Ali Hamraghani, Leonardo Ermini, Sophie Holcik, Shawn T. Beug, Behzad Yeganeh
Summary: In this review, we summarize recent advances on the complex roles of sphingolipids and lysosomes in the process of extracellular vesicle (EVs) biogenesis to uptake.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chun-Che Tseng, Shirley Dean, Brian A. Davies, Ishara F. Azmi, Natalya Pashkova, Johanna A. Payne, Jennifer Staffenhagen, Matt West, Robert C. Piper, Greg Odorizzi, David J. Katzmann
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of the V domain of ESCRT-associated protein Bro1 in stimulating Vps4 for cargo sorting and ILV formation during MVB biogenesis, with ubiquitin binding enhancing this stimulation process. These findings reveal a novel mechanism for coordinating cargo sorting with membrane remodeling and ILV formation, providing insights into the roles of Bro1 homologues and ubiquitin in MVB sorting.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma L. Clayton, Katherine Bonnycastle, Adrian M. Isaacs, Michael A. Cousin, Stephanie Schorge
Summary: Mutations in the ESCRT-III subunit CHMP2B lead to a novel synaptopathy characterized by selective retention of presynaptic SV trafficking proteins and defective SV recycling in neurons. This unique synaptic pathology may represent a key early event in various forms of FTD, as proteins associated with genetic FTD forms localize at the presynapse.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chuanliang Liu, Yonglun Zeng, Hongbo Li, Chao Yang, Wenjin Shen, Min Xu, Zhidan Xiao, Tongsheng Chen, Baiying Li, Wenhan Cao, Liwen Jiang, Marisa S. Otegui, Caiji Gao
Summary: The study identified FYVE4 as a novel plant endosomal regulator, functioning in the ESCRT pathway to regulate MVE biogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priscillia Perrin, Lennert Janssen, Hans Janssen, Bram van den Broek, Lennard M. Voortman, Daphne van Elsland, Ilana Berlin, Jacques Neefjes
Summary: The endosomal system is a dynamic vesicle network for material and signal exchange between the cell and its environment. The cargoes in endosomes can be either degraded or secreted, with the possibility of retrofusion of intraluminal membranes back to the limiting membrane. This retrofusion process supports membrane equilibrium within the multivesicular body (MVB).
Article
Cell Biology
Claudia Puri, David C. Rubinsztein
Summary: Using superresolution structured illumination microscopy and electron microscopy, researchers have found that mammalian autophagosomes derive from finger-like outgrowths from the recycling endosome. These fingers close into a fist and the openings are sealed in an ESCRT-dependent fashion. The scission of the autophago-dome liberates free autophagosomes from this compartment, revealing unexpected morphologies of autophagosome precursors and raising new questions about the control of this process.
Article
Cell Biology
Simona M. Migliano, Sebastian W. Schultz, Eva M. Wenzel, Szabolcs Takats, Dan Liu, Silje Mork, Kia Wee Tan, Tor Erik Rusten, Camilla Raiborg, Harald Stenmark
Summary: This study describes a surveillance mechanism in cells that allows the detection and clearance of abnormal endosomes with receptor accumulation and elevated signaling through an autophagic process. This process, called simaphagy, serves as a failsafe mechanism in signal termination.
Review
Cell Biology
Tiffany G. Roach, Helja K. M. Lang, Wen Xiong, Samppa J. Ryhanen, Daniel G. S. Capelluto
Summary: TOM1, a member of the ESCRT protein family, plays a role in endosomal cargo sorting and forms complexes with other ESCRT proteins. It has also been found to participate in physiological processes such as autophagy, immune responses, and neuroinflammation, as well as serve as a survival mechanism for bacterial infections and cancer progression.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. King Cada, Mark R. Pavlin, Juan P. Castillo, Alexander B. Tong, Kevin P. Larsen, Xuefeng Ren, Adam L. Yokom, Feng-Ching Tsai, Jamie Shiah, Patricia M. Bassereau, Carlos J. Bustamante, James H. Hurley
Summary: The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) system is a membrane scission machinery that catalyzes the budding and scission of membranes. In this study, researchers investigated the capability of CHMP1B and IST1, two ESCRT-III subunits, to sever membranes on their own or in concert with VPS4 or spastin. They found that CHMP1B and IST1 can form stable scaffolds on membrane nanotubes but do not lead to scission. However, when an additional extensional force was applied, the CHMP1B-IST1 scaffolded tubes were severed, suggesting a friction-driven scission mechanism. The protein spastin was found to colocalize with CHMP1B-enriched sites but did not disassemble the CHMP1B-IST1 coat from the membrane. VPS4, on the other hand, resolubilized CHMP1B and IST1 without leading to scission. These results demonstrate that CHMP1B-IST1 can sever membranes by a friction-driven mechanism independent of VPS4 and spastin.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Virology
Takayoshi Shirasaki, Olga Gonzalez-Lopez, Kevin L. McKnight, Ling Xie, Tomoyuki Shiota, Xian Chen, Hui Feng, Stanley M. Lemon
Summary: The cellular release mechanisms of quasi-enveloped hepatoviruses play a crucial role in viral hepatitis pathogenesis. ITCH interacts directly with the C-terminal pX extension of the VP1 capsid protein of HAV, promoting the release of eHAV in a manner similar to its role in conventional enveloped viruses budding.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
John W. McLean, Julie A. Wilson, Tina Tian, Jennifer A. Watson, Mary VanHart, Andrew J. Bean, Steven S. Scherer, David K. Crossman, Eroboghene Ubogu, Scott M. Wilson
Summary: Endosomal sorting is crucial for neural development by regulating membrane receptor distribution and signaling pathways. Inactivation of the HGS protein in Schwann cells leads to peripheral neuropathy with deficits in motor and sensory functions, delayed myelination, and altered gene expression related to Schwann cell maturation. This study suggests that HGS is essential for endosomal sorting of ERBB2/3 receptors during Schwann cell development, implicating endosomal dysfunction in inherited peripheral neuropathies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)