Article
Engineering, Civil
Aditi Pandey, Paul Schwab, Dallas N. Little
Summary: Magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) was found to improve the mechanical properties and elastic modulus of clay-textured soil. The addition of dried jute fibers further enhanced the compressive strength of the stabilized soil. MPC stabilization showed good durability after capillary soaking and drying.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huaying Lin, Shixiang Tian, Anjun Jiao, Zuoyong Cao, Kai Song, Yihuai Zou
Summary: Understanding the pore heterogeneity of tectonic coal and primary-structure coal is crucial for predicting and preventing tectonic coal. Experimental results show that tectonic coal has higher aliphatic functional groups and hydrogen content than aromatic structural groups, with a wider pore size distribution and higher specific surface area.
Article
Polymer Science
Rene Daher, Ivo Krejci, Enrico di Bella, Laurine Marger
Summary: The study evaluated the use of digital optical microscopy (DOM) for analyzing marginal adaptation of dental adhesive interfaces, comparing it with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed no statistically significant difference between DOM and SEM analysis, and DOM analysis took less time.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yu-Jing Zhang, Dong-Yu Chen, Xue-Ting Chao, Zi-Shu Dong, Zong-You Huang, Xia-Lin Zheng, Wen Lu
Summary: This study investigated the antennal sensilla of Copidosomopsis nacoleiae through scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Six types of sensilla were identified on the antennae, with different distribution patterns and potential functions discussed. Future research on host location mechanisms will build upon these observations.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jose M. Sojo-Gordillo, Gerard Gadea-Diez, David Renahy, Marc Salleras, Carolina Duque-Sierra, Pascal Vincent, Luis Fonseca, Pierre-Olivier Chapuis, Alex Morata, Severine Gomes, Albert Tarancon
Summary: A combined scanning thermal microscope and scanning electron microscope was used to characterize a suspended silicon nanowire. The thermal and mechanical properties were measured simultaneously, and the effects of the rough surface on heat dissipation and stiffness were studied.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jun'an Lei, Nanxiang Zheng, Xiaobao Chen, Jiefu Bi, Xirong Wu
Summary: The micro-texture of the aggregate plays a crucial role in the anti-skid performance of asphalt pavement. Sandstone exhibits the best anti-skid performance, followed by magmatic rock and limestone.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuaifeng Gu, Chanjuan Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Mingren Qu, Yanjiao Li, Yitian Zang, Xiaowen Xiong, Ke Pan, Xianghui Zhao
Summary: The study found that the Fusarium verticillioides cutinase has the ability to degrade rice straw cuticle, with palmitic acid and stearic acid as main products. However, it also showed inhibitory effects on the releasing and producing of sugars, making it not suitable for improving the utilization of agricultural straws.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ondrej Dyck, Andrew R. Lupini, Stephen Jesse
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate an electron beam direct-write process in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. This process differs from conventional electron-beam-induced deposition techniques as it uses a different mechanism and elemental tin (Sn) as a precursor to enable atom-by-atom direct writing. The atomic-sized electron beam is used to generate chemically reactive point defects in a graphene substrate, allowing the precursor atoms to migrate and bond to the defect sites for deposition.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ondrej Dyck, Andrew R. Lupini, Stephen Jesse
Summary: The engineering of quantum materials involves the development of tools for synthesis and characterization challenges. One key factor is atomic-scale modification for desired atomic structures. The use of scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEMs) allows for atomic-scale material manipulation but obstacles like in situ material delivery exist. This article presents progress on in situ thermal deposition platform for synthesis processes in a scanning transmission electron microscope.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gyan Prakash, N. K. Singh, N. K. Gupta
Summary: This study investigates the flow stress behavior, thermal and fracture behavior, as well as the performance and reliability of AZ81 magnesium alloy under different loading conditions. It also examines the effects of specimen geometry on flow stress, ductility, toughness, and energy dissipation capacity of the alloy, and discusses the applicability of existing models in various loading conditions.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Microscopy
Marek Malac, Jesus Alejandro Marin Calzada, Mark Salomons, Darren Homeniuk, Patrick Price, Martin Cloutier, Misa Hayashida, Doug Vick, Sean Chen, Suliat Yakubu, Zhengxu (Darren) Wen, Marcus Leeson, Mohammad Kamal, Jason Pitters, John Kim, Xuanhao Wang, Olivier Adkin-Kaya, Ray Egerton
Summary: NanoMi is an open source electron microscopy platform that offers a modular and flexible design, suitable for various applications such as education and experimental development. It is capable of SEM, TEM, STEM, and ED imaging modes, with an expected resolution of around 10 nanometers.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Reshma Sinha, Rajinder Jindal
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of malachite green on the gills of Cyprinus carpio, revealing histopathological lesions and ultrastructural alterations at both cellular and tissue levels. The findings indicated damage to cellular nuclei and mitochondria, as well as impairment of antioxidative enzymes, ultimately leading to branchial toxicity in the fish.
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucas Schneider, Philip Beck, Levente Rozsa, Thore Posske, Jens Wiebe, Roland Wiesendanger
Summary: Spin chains proximitized by s-wave superconductors are predicted to enter a mini-gapped phase with topologically protected Majorana modes (MMs) localized at their ends. However, the presence of non-topological end states mimicking MM properties can hinder their unambiguous observation. Here, we report on a direct method to exclude the non-local nature of end states via scanning tunneling spectroscopy by introducing a locally perturbing defect on one of the chain's ends. We apply this method to particular end states observed in antiferromagnetic spin chains within a large minigap, thereby proving their topologically trivial character. A minimal model shows that, while wide trivial minigaps hosting end states are easily achieved in antiferromagnetic spin chains, unrealistically large spin-orbit coupling is required to drive the system into a topologically gapped phase with MMs. The methodology of perturbing candidate topological edge modes in future experiments is a powerful tool to probe their stability against local disorder. Spin chains on superconductors have been studied as a possible venue for zero-energy Majorana bound states at the ends of the chain. Here, the authors observe localized end states in antiferromagnetic chains, but rule out a Majorana origin of these states by perturbing them with local defects.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Nurcan Ozyurt Kocakoglu, Selami Candan
Summary: The mint beetle, Chrysolina herbacea, is a major insect pest of mint herb, causing serious damages to plants. Understanding the structure of its digestive system is crucial for developing new strategies for management.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuhiko Nakadate, Chiaki Sono, Homura Mita, Yuki Itakura, Kiyoharu Kawakami
Summary: Liver dysfunction is the main cause of hepatic encephalopathy, but the histopathological changes in the brain associated with hepatic encephalopathy remain unclear. In this study, a mouse model of acute hepatic encephalopathy was used to investigate the pathological changes in the liver and brain. The results indicated that hepatocyte swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolization progressed over time in the liver tissue, while histopathological changes such as perivascular astrocyte swelling and abnormalities in neuronal organelles were observed in the brain. Additionally, delayed neuronal atrophy and continued brain cytotoxicity were observed even after consciousness recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mengnan Guo, Jian Chen, Taylor Martino, Christina Lilja, Johannes A. Johansson, Mehran Behazin, Wilfred J. Binns, Peter G. Keech, James J. Noel, David W. Shoesmith
Summary: The study revealed that the growth of copper sulfide films is controlled by the supply of SH- from the solution, and the morphology of the film depends on the type and concentration of anions present in the solution.
MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanxin Qiao, Daokui Xu, Shuo Wang, Yingjie Ma, Jian Chen, Yuxin Wang, Huiling Zhou
Summary: Hydrogen charging induces the formation and growth of hydrides in Ti-4Al-2V-1Mo-1Fe alloy, leading to hydrogen-induced cracks, changes in passivity, and increased pitting corrosion susceptibility.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Huiling Zhou, Fanglian Fu, Zhixin Dai, Yanxin Qiao, Jian Chen, Wen Liu
Summary: The research showed that the micro-galvanic corrosion in 6061-T6 aluminum alloy welding joints was initiated due to the inhomogeneous nature of the microstructure, primarily caused by preferential dissolution of Mg2Si and Al-Fe-Si. With the increase in laser power, the content of Al-Fe-Si in the welded joint increased, leading to a higher volume of corrosion pits.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yi Yang, Bingbing Yin, Yansong Shang, Xinming Wang, Jian Chen
Summary: The corrosion resistance of the TiB2-12(Fe-Co-Cr-Ni) cermets can be improved by reducing the size of TiB2 powder, increasing the proportion of Fe-Co-Cr-Ni solid solution, and controlling the porosity of the cermet and the precipitation of secondary borides. The corrosion kinetics exhibits a linear relation with the immersion time.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanbing Tang, Xinwang Shen, Yanxin Qiao, Lanlan Yang, Jian Chen, Daohua Lu, Zhongyu Zhang
Summary: The corrosion resistance of an Inconel 718 alloy fabricated using the SLM technique is lower in a NaCl solution, with the passive film on its surface exhibiting higher defect concentrations compared to a commercially rolled Inconel 718 alloy. XPS analysis reveals that the passive film on the SLM Inconel 718 alloy has a higher NiO content, leading to the deterioration of its protective properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanxin Qiao, Xinyi Wang, Lanlan Yang, Xiaojing Wang, Jian Chen, Zhengbin Wang, Huiling Zhou, Jiasheng Zou, Fuhui Wang
Summary: The effect of aging treatment on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of a high-nitrogen stainless steel (HNSS) was investigated. The aging treatment led to the precipitation of Cr2N particles along the grain boundaries, and the morphology changed from dispersive particles to a continuous network. Aging time had minor effects on corrosion potential and corrosion current density, but resulted in a sharp decrease in the pitting corrosion potential. The passive film behaved as a n-type semiconductor, and the donor density of the passive film increased with aging time. However, the fraction of stable oxide (Cr2O3) in the passive film decreased with aging time. The aging treatment weakened the corrosion resistance of HNSS by deteriorating the protectiveness of the passive film.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai (Marshall) Yang, Jinbao Huang, Jian Chen, James Joseph Noel, Ivan Barker, Jeffrey Daniel Henderson, Ping He, Haiping Zhang, Hui Zhang, Jesse Zhu
Summary: Powder coatings with zinc phosphate additives were studied in this research. The anti-corrosive performance of the coatings was improved, as confirmed by neutral salt spray and electrochemical tests. The optimized additive dosage was determined to be 2% for most coating systems, with performance improvements of up to one order of magnitude. The study also identified a synergistic effect between the additive and filler.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shaolong Sheng, Huiling Zhou, Xiaojing Wang, Yanxin Qiao, Hongtao Yuan, Jian Chen, Lanlan Yang, Dongpeng Wang, Zhenguang Liu, Jiasheng Zou, Zhibin Zheng, Jingyong Li
Summary: The study showed that at 300°C, the average friction coefficient decreased with increasing load, while at 500°C, the friction coefficient increased with increasing load.
Editorial Material
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Chen, Yanxin Qiao, Fanjiang Meng, Yuxin Wang
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Marshall Shuai Yang, Jinbao Huang, James Joseph Noel, Jian Chen, Ivan Barker, Jeffrey Daniel Henderson, Hui Zhang, Haiping Zhang, Jesse Zhu
Summary: Powder coatings are an environmentally friendly alternative with various advantageous properties. This study compares the corrosion performance of polyester powder coatings with different zinc contents and observes the behavior and characteristics of the coatings. The results demonstrate that coatings with 80% zinc exhibit superior anti-corrosive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lei Huang, Shunli Zheng, Yue Qin, Jianyang Han, Yanxin Qiao, Jian Chen
Summary: The corrosion behavior of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy prepared using selective laser melting (SLM) in a 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution was studied and compared with a commercially forged Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The commercially forged alloy showed higher corrosion resistance, which can be attributed to the presence of more active spots on the alloy surface and more defects in the passive films.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Song Xu, Fengyin Gao, Jianyang Han, Shangfeng Xiong, Xinyu Duan, Fanglin Zha, Bing Yu, Lanlan Yang, Yanxin Qiao, Zhibin Zheng, Jian Chen
Summary: This study investigates the corrosion behavior of high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel before and after solution treatment. The results show that solution treatment reduces the grain size and increases the uniformity of the grains. It also results in a more compact passive film, leading to improved corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chan Yao, Hongliang Ming, Jian Chen, Jianqiu Wang, En-Hou Han
Summary: In this study, electrochemical hydrogen permeation experiment and hydrogen microprint test were used to investigate the diffusion parameters and distribution of hydrogen in X65 pipeline steel with different levels of cold deformation. The results showed that the hydrogen permeation current density and effective hydrogen diffusion coefficient decreased with increasing cold deformation. The density of both reversible and irreversible hydrogen traps increased with deformation, especially reversible hydrogen traps. The hydrogen microprint test revealed increased hydrogen aggregation on the specimen surface, especially at phase and grain boundaries. Transmission electron microscopy was also used to examine the dislocation configuration after cold deformation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanxin Qiao, Xinyi Wang, Jian Chen, Lanlan Yang, Xiaojing Wang, Huiling Zhou, Jiasheng Zou
Summary: The electrochemical corrosion behavior of an aged Fe-18Cr-15Mn-0.66 N high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was studied, showing that the passive films formed were mainly composed of Cr oxide/hydroxide and iron oxides. XPS depth profile analysis indicated an increase in Cr and Fe contents near the passive film/HNSS interface, while the contents of Cr and Fe oxide/hydroxide decreased.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Y-X Qiao, S-L Sheng, L-M Zhang, J. Chen, L-L Yang, H-L Zhou, Y-X Wang, H-B Li, Z-B Zheng
Summary: The study showed that with increasing applied loads, the friction coefficient decreased and the wear resistance of Fe-19Cr-15Mn-0.66N high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel improved. Friction under high loads can enhance work hardening ability, improve surface hardness, and thus increase the overall wear resistance.
JOURNAL OF MINING AND METALLURGY SECTION B-METALLURGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Shang, Xiaoping Cai, Farshid Pahlevani, Yan Zheng, Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi, Xinran Gao, Baojing Zhang, Peizhong Feng
Summary: High porosity Co-Al-Fe intermetallics with 3D-microstructures were successfully synthesized in one step via a thermal explosion reaction. The link between pore structure and permeability was investigated using 3D-XRM technology. The corrosion resistance of the samples with different Fe contents was studied at 900 degrees C under an oxygen/sulphur atmosphere for up to 120 h. The results showed that the samples maintained stable pore structure and intact internal matrices, attributed to the formation of a thin protective layer on the surface. In addition, inward diffusion of S resulted in the formation of FeS nodules.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lian Ma, Hain Yang, Daquan Zhang, Wei Wu
Summary: In this study, an environmentally friendly volatile corrosion inhibitor, lysine salts (LA), was prepared between graphene oxide (GO) layers using an in situ intercalation technique. The corrosion inhibition effect of LA was evaluated, and it was found that LA-GO2 achieved a 99.3% corrosion inhibition efficiency after composition optimization. The inhibition of the electrochemical anodic process on the surface of mild steel was the main reason for the high corrosion inhibition efficiency of LA-GO2. The properties of the surface film on the corroded steel were also characterized in detail to understand the corrosion inhibition mechanism of LA-GO2.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Running Wang, Jiaping Zhang, Bing Liu, Jie Fei, Qiangang Fu
Summary: By introducing a tailored SiC-C interphase, the carbon fiber can be effectively protected, improving the mechanical and ablation properties of leading edge shaped C/C-ZrC-SiC composites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zihua Wang, Chijia Wang, Ruitao Wang, Jiapeng Deng, Kun Zhang, Yanji Zhu, Huaiyuan Wang
Summary: A robust anti-corrosive coating has been developed using functional fly ash, which demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance and improved mechanical properties. The coating achieves these enhancements through molecular cross-linking design and surface augmentation techniques, resulting in a significantly improved impedance modulus compared to pure polyurea coatings.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haofei Sun, Meifeng Li, Hao Zhang, Jing Liu
Summary: The oxidation behavior of FeCrNi medium entropy alloy was investigated through experimental observations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The study found that at 900 degrees C, the alloy forms a desirable and continuous oxide layer, while at 1000 degrees C, the oxide layer becomes discontinuous with penetration of oxide. These observations highlight the significant role of phase structure in promoting the formation of protective oxide scales and influencing oxidation resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Li, Ke Ma, Jingjun Xu, Jingjing Li, Yueming Li, Yi Zhang, Jun Zuo, Meishuan Li
Summary: Cr2AlC diffusion barrier effectively blocks the diffusion of Ti, enhancing the stability and spalling resistance of the Al2O3 scales between NiCrAlY coating and TiAl alloy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weiyi Wang, Qinglin Pan, Xiangdong Wang, Bing Liu
Summary: By adding Ce, Sc, Y and Zr elements to Al-Mg-Si alloy, the microstructure of the alloy can be regulated, and the corrosion and heat resistance of the materials can be improved.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cristoforetti, Javier Izquierdo, Ricardo M. Souto, Flavio Deflorian, Michele Fedel, Stefano Rossi
Summary: This study presents a new approach to studying the mechanism of filiform corrosion in organic coated steel using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and micropotentiometry (potentiometric SECM). The electrochemical activity under the coating was evaluated by mapping the ionic current densities coming from artificial defects made in specific locations of the filament. Antimony tips were also used to investigate the pH changes associated with different corrosion reactions at the metal-paint interface. Local pH levels along the filament in the anodic and cathodic regions were determined.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Gao, Dayun Sun, Zhu Liu, Shuo Cong, Rui Tang, Yanping Huang, Lefu Zhang, Xianglong Guo
Summary: The corrosion characteristics of a novel alumina-forming austenitic steel in high-pressure high-temperature water environment were studied. The addition of aluminum has a negative effect on the continuity of the alumina scale.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Negin Madelat, Benny Wouters, Peter Visser, Zahra Jiryaeisharahi, Kristof Marcoen, Shoshan T. Abrahami, Annick Hubin, Herman Terryn, Tom Hauffman
Summary: This work explores the correlation between electrolyte transport properties and the variation of pigment volume concentration (PVC) in organic coatings. An odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP-EIS) approach is used to analyze the diffusion of ions independent from water uptake. The results show that a higher PVC leads to a more homogeneous coating structure, resulting in faster diffusion of ions and enhanced water uptake.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eloa Lopes Maia, Serguei Gavrilov, Valentyn Tsisar, Kitty Baert, Iris De Graeve
Summary: The effect of pre-oxidation in air at 300-500°C on the initiation and development of liquid metal corrosion attack on 316L austenitic steel in static lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) has been investigated. It was found that pre-formed oxide films can protect the surface against dissolution, while high temperature pre-oxidation leads to localized corrosion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Baozhuang Sun, Qiuyu Wang, Yue Pan, Zhiyong Liu, Cuiwei Du, Xiaogang Li
Summary: In this study, a non-steady electrochemical model was established to investigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The model was verified using 304 SS with various microstructures, confirming its effectiveness in assessing SCC susceptibility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingyu Xiao, Xinhua Liu, Zhilei Wang, Xuexu Xu, Mingying Chen, Jianxin Xie
Summary: The corrosion behavior and mechanisms of Cu-10Ni-X (Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Sn, Ti, Zn) alloys in a 3.5% NaCl solution were systematically investigated. Both computational and experimental results revealed that except Ti, other elements could enhance the corrosion resistance of Cu2O passivation film.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gen Zhang, Yan-Ping Huang, E. Jiang, Wei -Wei Liu, Hong Yang, Jing Xiong, Yong-Fu Zhao
Summary: The addition of aluminum has a significant influence on the intermetallic compounds in AFA alloys, particularly increasing the content of B2-NiAl phase. In the SCO2 environment, the oxide scales formed on AFA alloys with aluminum were thinner than on ASS without aluminum, and the structure of the oxide scales changed to a double-layer structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuxuan He, Guozheng Xiao, Chao Wang, Xuefeng Lu, Liuyuan Li, Shiying Liu, Yusheng Wu, Zhanjie Wang
Summary: The relationship between configurational entropy and lattice distortion in novel rare earth monosilicates was investigated, and the effect of configurational entropy on their properties was studied. The results showed that lattice distortion increased with the increase of configurational entropy, but a highly symmetrical crystal structure was formed when the configurational entropy was large enough, inhibiting the lattice distortion.
