Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kiriko Watanabe, Moritake Higa, Yoshimasa Hasegawa, Akihiro Kudo, Richard C. Allsopp, Bradley J. Willcox, Donald C. Willcox, Masataka Sata, Hiroaki Masuzaki, Michio Shimabukuro
Summary: Regional differences in insulin response and sensitivity were observed in Japanese participants, with insulin secretion correlating positively with fat intake and negatively with fish, carbohydrates, and dietary fiber intake. This suggests that nutritional factors may play a role in these variations independently of body size/adiposity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Roland Wedekind, Joseph A. Rothwell, Vivian Viallon, Pekka Keski-Rahkonen, Julie A. Schmidt, Veronique Chajes, Vna Katzke, Theron Johnson, Maria Santucci de Magistris, Vittorio Krogh, Pilar Amiano, Carlotta Sacerdote, Daniel Redondo-Sanchez, Jose Maria Huerta, Anne Tjonneland, Pratik Pokharel, Paula Jakszyn, Rosario Tumino, Eva Ardanaz, Torkjel M. Sandanger, Anna Winkvist, Johan Hultdin, Matthias B. Schulze, Elisabete Weiderpass, Marc J. Gunter, Inge Huybrechts, Augustin Scalbert
Summary: Circulating levels of acylcarnitines (ACs) are influenced by various factors such as age, sex, diet, and fasting status. Different types of ACs are associated with corresponding fatty acids in plasma, specific food intake, and concentrations of branched-chain amino acids. Understanding the determinants of ACs can help interpret their associations with disease risk and provide insights into potential dietary and lifestyle factors for disease prevention.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer L. LaBarre, Emily Hirschfeld, Tanu Soni, Maureen Kachman, Janis Wigginton, William Duren, Johanna Y. Fleischman, Alla Karnovsky, Charles F. Burant, Joyce M. Lee
Summary: The study indicates that obesity and insulin resistance may influence the metabolic dynamics in response to a glucose challenge in adolescents. Obese adolescents showed a blunted decline in fatty acid oxidation intermediates during OGTT.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Susanna D. Mitro, Jing Wu, Mohammad L. Rahman, Yaqi Cao, Yeyi Zhu, Zhen Chen, Liwei Chen, Mengying Li, Stefanie N. Hinkle, Andrew A. Bremer, Natalie L. Weir, Michael Y. Tsai, Yiqing Song, Katherine L. Grantz, Bizu Gelaye, Cuilin Zhang
Summary: The study described longitudinal trajectories of targeted amino acids, fatty acids, and acylcarnitines in pregnant women, finding different patterns of changes during pregnancy influenced by body mass index, race/ethnicity, and fetal sex. Future studies should focus on longitudinal measurements and larger samples to examine modifying effects of maternal and fetal characteristics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malia J. Martin, Ryan S. Pralle, Isabelle R. Bernstein, Michael J. VandeHaar, Kent A. Weigel, Zheng Zhou, Heather M. White
Summary: By analyzing circulating metabolites in efficient and inefficient Holstein dairy cows, this study identified differences in urea and fatty acid metabolism, as well as alterations in tryptophan metabolism pathways. These differences may contribute to variations in post-absorptive nutrient use efficiency and individual animal feed efficiency.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yiwei Ma, Yidi Sun, Liang Sun, Xin Liu, Rong Zeng, Xu Lin, Yixue Li
Summary: Both low carbohydrate and calorie-restricted diets were effective in reducing weight and fat mass among overweight and obese Chinese women, with only the low carbohydrate diet significantly improving dyslipidemia. Changes in gut microbiota showed a greater contribution to improved lipid profile than alterations in fatty acids or acylcarnitines.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Milca Rosa-Velazquez, Jerad R. Jaborek, Juan Manuel Pinos-Rodriguez, Alejandro Enrique Relling
Summary: Supplementing different sources of fatty acids to ewes during late gestation can modify offspring growth and energy metabolism, with effects on weight, insulin sensitivity, and hot carcass weight in lambs. These modifications depend on the unsaturation degree of the fatty acid supplement and the sex of the lambs.
Article
Sport Sciences
Xiquan Weng, Chaoge Wang, Yu Yuan, Zhenhuan Wang, Jujiao Kuang, Xu Yan, Hao Chen
Summary: The study investigated the effects of exercise and cold exposure on insulin sensitivity and serum free fatty acid levels in diet-induced obese rats. The results showed that both exercise and cold exposure independently reduced insulin resistance. Exercise reduced serum free fatty acids, while cold exposure had no effect. There was a positive correlation between insulin resistance and serum free fatty acid levels. The combination of exercise and cold exposure reduced subcutaneous and visceral fat ratios. Additionally, exercise and cold exposure increased protein expression related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in muscle.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Darko Stefanovski, Naresh M. Punjabi, Raymond C. Boston, Richard M. Watanabe
Summary: Glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) play essential roles in metabolism, with insulin regulating both nutrients. This study introduces a novel FFA kinetic model to estimate insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue. The model suggests that FFA metabolism is more sensitive to insulin changes than glucose metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashraf Nahle, Yemisi Deborah Joseph, Sandra Pereira, Yusaku Mori, Frankie Poon, Hilda E. Ghadieh, Aleksandar Ivovic, Tejas Desai, Simona S. Ghanem, Suman Asalla, Harrison T. Muturi, Emelien M. Jentz, Jamie W. Joseph, Sonia M. Najjar, Adria Giacca
Summary: The study showed that NMN can improve glucose tolerance caused by a high-fat diet, but it may impair glucose tolerance under normal levels of free fatty acids. Therefore, caution should be exercised when considering the therapeutic use of NMN due to its dual effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxime Tremblay-Gravel, Annik Fortier, Cantin Baron, Chloe David, Pamela Mehanna, Anique Ducharme, Julie Hussin, Qinghua Hu, Jean-Claude Tardif, Christine Des Rosiers, Jocelyn Dupuis, Matthieu Ruiz
Summary: Defects in fatty acid utilization have been well described in group 1 pulmonary hypertension and heart failure, yet poorly studied in group 2 PH. This study compared the circulating metabolomic profile of patients with HF with and without PH, showing that FA-related metabolites were differently affected in HF with or without PH, which may convey adverse outcomes. The study suggests a potential correlation between certain metabolites and NT-proBNP levels in patients with HF and PH.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jordan A. Levine, Zahra Sarrafan-Chaharsoughi, Tushar P. Patel, Sheila M. Brady, K. Karthik Chivukula, Emily Miller, Jung Min Han, Vipul Periwal, Anna Wolska, Alan T. Remaley, Pradeep K. Dagur, Angelique Biancotto, Ashley Babyak, Giovanna Fantoni, Jack A. Yanovski, Andrew P. Demidowich
Summary: This study suggests that colchicine may improve insulin regulation of lipolysis and reduce markers of systemic inflammation in adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS), independent of its effect on leukocyte distribution in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT).
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Laetitia Dore, Erwann Durand, Beatrice Bonafos, Jatuporn Chaiyut, Laurent Vaysse, Siriluck Liengprayoon, Sylvie Gaillet, Laurence Pessemesse, Karen Lambert, Christelle Bertrand-Gaday, Charles Coudray, Ariane Sultan, Francois Casas, Christine Feillet-Coudray
Summary: The increase in obesity has become a major global health problem and is associated with numerous metabolic dysfunctions. Recently, a study showed that furan fatty acid (FuFA-F2) extracted from Hevea brasiliensis latex can stimulate muscle anabolism and have favorable effects against obesity. This study aimed to investigate whether preventive nutritional supplementation with FuFA-F2 can have beneficial effects against obesity and metabolic dysfunction in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. The results demonstrated that FuFA-F2 supplementation reduced fat mass, increased lean mass, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced liver steatosis in DIO mice, suggesting its potential as an effective approach to treat obesity and metabolic syndrome.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maroula G. Kokotou, Christiana Mantzourani, Charikleia S. Batsika, Olga G. Mountanea, Ioanna Eleftheriadou, Ourania Kosta, Nikolaos Tentolouris, George Kokotos
Summary: This study presents a fast and straightforward liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of 74 free fatty acids (FFAs) in human plasma. The method avoids derivatization steps and tedious sample preparation, making it suitable for the diagnosis and monitoring of metabolic disorders.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Christiana Mantzourani, Charikleia S. Batsika, Maroula G. Kokotou, George Kokotos
Summary: A new method was developed to simultaneously determine multiple fatty acids in yogurt samples, including both common and uncommon ones. The concentrations of various fatty acids in the samples allowed the discrimination between cow and sheep yogurt.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Alfonso Rodriguez-Gil, Olesja Ritter, Juliane Hornung, Hilda Stekman, Marcus Krueger, Thomas Braun, Elisabeth Kremmer, Michael Kracht, M. Lienhard Schmitz
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alfonso Rodriguez-Gil, Olesja Ritter, Vera V. Saul, Jochen Wilhelm, Chen-Yuan Yang, Rudolf Grosschedl, Yumiko Imai, Keiji Kuba, Michael Kracht, M. Lienhard Schmitz
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alfonso Rodriguez-Gill, Tabea Riedlinger, Olesja Ritter, Vera V. Saul, M. Lienhard Schmitz
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2018)