Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Verena Krauth, Ferdinando Bruno, Simona Pace, Paul M. Jordan, Veronika Temml, Maria Preziosa Romano, Haroon Khan, Daniela Schuster, Antonietta Rossi, Rosanna Filosa, Oliver Werz
Summary: 5-Lipoxygenase (LO) is a key enzyme in the formation of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes (LT) that are important mediators in allergic reactions and inflammatory disorders. In this study, modifications were made to catechol derivatives to increase their effectiveness as selective 5-LO inhibitors. Two compounds, 3,4-dihydroxy-3 '-phenoxybiphenyl (6b) and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)benzo[b]thiophene (6d), showed potent inhibition of human 5-LO in both cell-free and cell-based assays. Furthermore, these compounds were effective in inhibiting 5-LO in human blood and in a murine peritonitis model. These novel catechol derivatives have high selectivity and effectiveness as inhibitors of 5-LO under pathophysiological conditions.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ferdinando Bruno, Verena Krauth, Seyed Mohamed Nabavi, Veronika Temml, Florinda Fratianni, Giuseppe Spaziano, Filomena Nazzaro, Fiorita Roviezzo, Jianbo Xiao, Haroon Kahn, Maria Preziosa Romano, Bruno D'Agostino, Oliver Werz, Rosanna Filosa
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation coexist in many multifactorial diseases, and the discovery of antioxidants is an appealing approach to target multiple therapeutic pathways in the arachidonic acid cascade.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stella Uebbing, Marius Kreiss, Friederike Scholl, Ann-Kathrin Haefner, Duran Sueruen, Ulrike Garscha, Oliver Werz, Devaraj Basavarajappa, Bengt Samuelsson, Olof Radmark, Beatrix Suess, Dieter Steinhilber
Summary: The 5-lipoxygenase enzyme has been identified to modulate miRNA processing in monocytic cells by promoting transcription of specific miRNAs and inhibiting the processing of pre-let-7e, ultimately leading to changes in the miRNA profile. This interaction results in altered expression levels of miRNAs, impacting cell differentiation, proliferation, and the maintenance of leukemic stem cell functions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tarvi Teder, Stefanie Koenig, Rajkumar Singh, Bengt Samuelsson, Oliver Werz, Ulrike Garscha, Jesper Z. Haeggstrom
Summary: This study identified new drugs that can inhibit the expression of LTA(4)H and reduce the activity of 5-LOX in leukocytes, thus suppressing inflammatory responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona Pace, Kehong Zhang, Paul M. Jordan, Rossella Bilancia, Wenfei Wang, Friedemann Boerner, Robert K. Hofstetter, Marianna Potenza, Christian Kretzer, Jana Gerstmeier, Dagmar Fischer, Stefan Lorkowski, Nathaniel C. Gilbert, Marcia E. Newcomer, Antonietta Rossi, Xinchun Chen, Oliver Werz
Summary: CS effectively inhibits human 5-lipoxygenase activity, suppresses the formation of leukotrienes, promotes the generation of lipid mediators produced by 12-/15-lipoxygenases, and switches from leukotriene biosynthesis to specialized pro-resolving mediator formation, potentially serving as a pharmacological strategy for intervention in inflammatory disorders.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Ji, Yongming Pan, Songtao Xu, Chen Yu, Jian Ji, Minli Chen, Fuliang Hu
Summary: Propolis has a protective effect on carotid restenosis in hypercholesterolemia rabbits by inhibiting neointima hyperplasia, improving lipid profiles, enhancing anti-oxidative activities, and reducing inflammation. The anti-inflammatory activity of propolis may be related to the inhibition of the TLR4-mediated NF-kappa B signaling pathway, providing a potential mechanism for its therapeutic effects on vascular restenosis.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Malvina Hoxha, Calogero C. Tedesco, Silvana Quaglin, Visar Malaj, Linda Pustina, Valerie Capra, Jilly F. Evans, Angelo Sala, G. Enrico Rovati
Summary: The observational retrospective study suggests that the use of montelukast may be protective against incident cardiac ischemic events in older asthmatic patients. Analyses indicate that exposure to montelukast remains a significant protective factor for incident ischemic events, leading to a considerable risk reduction. The event-free Kaplan-Meier survival curves confirm the lower cardiovascular event incidence in patients exposed to montelukast.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander Young, Leigh A. Bradley, Elizabeth Farrar, Helen O. Bilcheck, Svyatoslav Tkachenko, Jeffrey J. Saucerman, Stefan Bekiranov, Matthew J. Wolf
Summary: Inhibition of DYRK1a improves cardiac function and promotes cycling cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for treating MI.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Izumi Tsukayama, Yuki Kawakami, Asako Tamenobu, Keisuke Toda, Saya Maruoka, Yuki Nagasaki, Yoshiko Mori, Risa Sawazumi, Kensuke Okamoto, Keita Kanzaki, Hideyuki Ito, Yoshitaka Takahashi, Yoshimi Miki, Kei Yamamoto, Makoto Murakami, Toshiko Suzuki-Yamamoto
Summary: In this study, it was found that malabaricone C, a component of nutmeg, strongly inhibited the activity of 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in leukotriene biosynthesis. Furthermore, malabaricone C was shown to ameliorate psoriasis-like skin inflammation by decreasing the level of leukotriene B4.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liam W. McQueen, Shameem S. Ladak, Mustafa Zakkar
Summary: The long saphenous vein is commonly used in cardiac surgery to bypass occluded coronary arteries. However, its use is complicated by late stenosis and occlusion due to intimal hyperplasia. This review examines the multifactorial inflammatory process of intimal hyperplasia and the impact of acute shear stress changes on pro-inflammatory mediators.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jong Min Choi, Seung Eun Baek, Ji On Kim, Eun Yeong Jeon, Eun Jeong Jang, Chi Dae Kim
Summary: In injured vasculatures, 5-LO-derived LTB4 plays a key role in MCP-1 expression in HMGB1-exposed VSMCs via BLTR1 signaling, suggesting the LTB4-BLTR1 signaling axis as a potential therapeutic target for vascular inflammation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Salazar, Daniela Pirela, Manuel Nava, Ana Castro, Lisse Angarita, Heliana Parra, Samuel Duran-Aguero, Diana Marcela Rojas-Gomez, Nestor Galban, Roberto Anez, Maricarmen Chacin, Andrea Diaz, Nelson Villasmil, Juan Bautista De Sanctis, Valmore Bermudez
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global public health issue with high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs), derived from fatty acids, have shown promise in resolving inflammation associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, particularly CVD. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic impact of SPMs in CVD, suggesting their potential as a new therapeutic alternative. Further large-scale clinical trials are needed to determine their effects in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsien-Chung Chen, Wen-Chang Chang, Jian-Ying Chuang, Kwang-Yu Chang, Jing-Ping Liou, Tsung- Hsu
Summary: Eicosanoids are bioactive lipids derived from arachidonic acid in the brain, and they play diverse roles in normal physiology, including neuronal signaling, synaptic plasticity, and regulation of cerebral blood flow. Dysregulation of eicosanoids has been implicated in the development and progression of brain tumors, and understanding their role can inform the development of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Mengdie Yan, Siran Zhang, Chengtan Li, Yanyan Liu, Jianbo Zhao, Yanfang Wang, Yi Yang, Lihui Zhang
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a common feature of age-related brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral ischemia. The proinflammatory enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) plays a crucial role in modulating inflammation by generating leukotrienes, and its abnormal activation and excessive production have been detected in the development of age-related brain pathology. Inhibition of 5-LOX activation may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for AD, PD, and cerebral ischemia.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Junteng Zhou, Zhichao Zhou, Xiaojing Liu, Hai-Yan Yin, Yong Tang, Xin Cao
Summary: Activation of the P2X7 receptor mediates inflammatory responses and pyroptosis in cardiovascular diseases, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and worsening cardiac phenotypes. Inhibition of the P2X7 receptor has shown promise in attenuating these pathological mechanisms and improving cardiovascular outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas H. Marwick, Alessia Gimelli, Sven Plein, Jeroen J. Bax, Phillippe Charron, Victoria Delgado, Erwan Donal, Patrizio Lancellotti, Eylem Levelt, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Stefan Neubauer, Gianluca Pontone, Antti Saraste, Bernard Cosyns, Thor Edvardsen, Bogdan A. Popescu, Maurizio Galderisi, Genevieve Derumeaux
Summary: Heart failure is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, and detecting subclinical dysfunction may help reduce its incidence. However, there is insufficient evidence for heart failure screening in diabetes patients, and further research is needed to establish the relationship between detection, treatment, and improved outcomes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Magnus Back
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tigist Wodaje, Karin Littmann, Henrike Habel, Matteo Bottai, Magnus Back, Paolo Parini, Jonas Brinck
Summary: This study establishes a connection between elevated Lp(a) levels and the development of calcified aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Individuals with Lp(a) levels above the 90th percentile are more likely to develop incident CAVS.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Matthieu Bardin, Sven-Christian Pawelzik, Jeremy Lagrange, Ali Mahdi, Hildur Arnardottir, Bruno Feve, Veronique Regnault, Patrick Lacolley, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Nathalie Mercier, Magnus Back
Summary: Chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis is caused by the lack of resolution. Omega-3 fatty acid-derived pro-resolving lipid mediators have been found to reduce atherosclerosis development in mice. This study aimed to investigate the role of the specialized pro-resolving mediator RvD2 and its signaling through the G-protein coupled receptor GPR18 in atherosclerosis.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Miguel Carracedo, Sven-Christian Pawelzik, Gonzalo Artiach, Marianne G. Pouwer, Oscar Plunde, Peter Saliba-Gustafsson, Ewa Ehrenborg, Per Eriksson, Elsbet Pieterman, Leif Stenke, Hans M. G. Princen, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Magnus Back
Summary: This study found that nilotinib can promote aortic valve thickening and valvular interstitial cell calcification, while imatinib does not have this effect. The study also found differential tyrosine kinase expression between healthy and calcified valve tissue. These findings may have important implications for cardiovascular surveillance and personalized medicine in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul C. Evans, Sean M. Davidson, Johann Wojta, Magnus Baeck, Sveva Bollini, Mairi Brittan, Alberico L. Catapano, Bill Chaudhry, Matthijs Cluitmans, Massimiliano Gnecchi, Tomasz J. Guzik, Imo Hoefer, Rosalinda Madonna, Joao P. Monteiro, Henning Morawietz, Elena Osto, Teresa Padro, Judith C. Sluimer, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Kim Van der Heiden, Gemma Vilahur, Johannes Waltenberger, Christian Weber
Summary: This article reviews the highlights of cardiovascular basic science published in 2021 and early 2022. It covers topics including non-coding RNAs, single-cell 'omics, extracellular vesicles, cardiovascular sensing of mechanical force, atherosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmia, inducible pluripotent stem cell technology, and the association between COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Oscar Plunde, Elisabet Svenungsson, Giulia Ferrannini, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Magnus Back
Summary: The study revealed that antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are more common in calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) patients in the general population. The positivity of aPL was associated with altered aortic valve transcriptomics related to interferon pathways. Further research is needed to establish aPL as a possible risk marker and/or causal factor for CAVS and to explore new precision therapeutic targets.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Magnus Back
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jean-Claude Barthelemy, Vincent Pichot, David Hupin, Mathieu Berger, Sebastien Celle, Lytissia Mouhli, Magnus Back, Jean-Rene Lacour, Frederic Roche
Summary: Stroke prediction is a crucial issue in preventive medicine, and the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is of great importance. Measurement of ANS activity can help prevent stroke by improving its activity level and balance. Long-term studies on decreased parasympathetic activity have shown the benefits of compensatory neurostimulation on endothelial function. Regular evaluation of ANS for the general population, both in a medical setting and remotely through telemedicine digital tools, is necessary to uncover the reasons behind ANS imbalance and decrease the risk of stroke.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Menno P. J. de Winther, Magnus Back, Paul Evans, Delphine Gomez, Isabel Goncalves, Helle F. Jorgensen, Rory R. Koenen, Esther Lutgens, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Elena Osto, Lea Dib, Michael Simons, Konstantinos Stellos, Seppo Yla-Herttuala, Holger Winkels, Marie-Luce Bochaton-Piallat, Claudia Monaco
Summary: The advent of single-cell biology has opened up new possibilities for understanding human biological processes and diagnosing, monitoring, and treating diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). By analyzing CVD samples at the single-cell level, new cell communities that play a role in disease development can be identified, leading to new therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the single-cell analysis of atherosclerotic plaques, highlighting the current understanding of cellular subpopulations and their heterogeneity and plasticity in relation to clinically relevant features. The clinical impact of single-cell technologies in CVD patient care is emphasized, calling for multidisciplinary and international collaborative efforts.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Magnus Back
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robin Hofmann, Magnus Back
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin O. O. Sundqvist, Jonatan Warme, Robin Hofmann, Sven-Christian Pawelzik, Magnus Back
Summary: This study investigated the role of CagA in vascular calcification and found that CagA can induce calcification in coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC) through upregulating bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) and induce a pro-inflammatory response. These findings suggest that H. pylori may contribute to vascular calcification through CagA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Philip Sarajlic, Claire Vigor, Antoine Avignon, Bingqing Zhou, Camille Oger, Jean-Marie Galano, Thierry Durand, Ariane Sultan, Magnus Baeck
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations of complete urinary isoprostanoid profiling with obesity, metabolic indicators, and inflammation. The results revealed that body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and mean arterial blood pressure were associated with PUFA peroxidation compounds. Additionally, the omega-3 to omega-6 oxidation ratio was found to be a significant predictor of inflammation in obesity. These findings suggest that full urinary isoprostanoid profiling is a more sensitive measure of PUFA oxidative stress and can help assess metabolic complications in obesity.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Oscar Plunde, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Magnus Back
Summary: This study found that patients with aortic stenosis who underwent aortic valve surgery had a significant increase in CAV (cardio-ankle vascular) index and changes in pulse wave morphology. These findings have important implications for the screening of aortic valve stenosis and the use of CAVI.
VASCULAR HEALTH AND RISK MANAGEMENT
(2023)