Article
Oncology
Elisa Ventura, Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi, Francesca Pentimalli, Antonio Giordano, Andrea Morrione
Summary: The retinoblastoma-like (RBL)1/p107 protein is a critical regulator of the cell cycle and its levels are modulated by multiple pathways linked to Ca2+-dependent signaling. Targeting the Ca2+-dependent calpain and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) affects RBL1/p107 expression levels and phosphorylation, indicating a complex regulation of RBL1/p107 involving different components of signaling pathways controlled by Ca2+ levels. This contrasts with the direct modulation of RBL2/p130 by AKT, highlighting the complexity of the regulatory mechanisms of the RB protein family.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Adria Hasan, Suroor Fatima Rizvi, Sana Parveen, Snober S. Mir
Summary: Cells may undergo DNA damage due to various stressors, leading to altered cell function and diseases such as cancer. DNA repair mechanisms play a crucial role in maintaining genome stability, with heat shock proteins (HSPs) being key players in this adaptive response. Modulating protein quality control systems like the HSPs network could be a promising strategy for targeting diseases associated with genomic instability, such as cancer.
Review
Cell Biology
Aishi Liang, Yingshan Fang, Lan Ye, Jianda Meng, Xusheng Wang, Jinsong Chen, Xuejuan Xu
Summary: Hair follicle homeostasis is regulated by various signaling pathways, disruption of which leads to hair aging and other disorders. Hair aging is associated with oxidative stress, hormonal disorders, inflammation, DNA damage, and repair defects. These factors pose threats to hair follicle cells, affecting hair regeneration and pigmentation. Previous studies have explored the mechanisms and treatments for hair aging, but there are still limitations.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsutomu Shimura
Summary: Under physiological and stress conditions, mitochondria function as a signaling platform for biological events, transmitting information from the mitochondria to the rest of the cell. Mitochondrial molecules such as ATP, reactive oxygen species, cytochrome C, and damage-associated molecular patterns act as messengers in metabolism, stress response, apoptosis, senescence, and inflammation. This review paper summarizes the mitochondrial signaling in response to DNA damage, as well as the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in radiation-induced carcinogenesis. The analysis of the mitochondrial radiation effect is crucial in assessing radiation risks to human health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yoona Jung, Jooseong Kim, Sukyoung Kim, Shin hye Chung, Jinhong Wie
Summary: Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), a type of bioactive ceramics, regulates cell signaling pathways and increases cell proliferation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shane K. B. Taylor, Muhammad H. Minhas, Justin Tong, P. Ravi Selvaganapathy, Ram K. Mishra, Bhagwati P. Gupta
Summary: The research reveals that the electrotaxis behavior of worms is influenced by cytosolic, mitochondrial, and ER stress, with multiple stress response pathways playing a crucial role in its preservation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kashmira Bane, Junita Desouza, Diksha Shetty, Prakash Choudhary, Shalaka Kadam, R. R. Katkam, Gwendolyn Fernandes, Raj Sawant, Uddhavraj Dudhedia, Neeta Warty, Anahita Chauhan, Uddhav Chaudhari, Rahul Gajbhiye, Geetanjali Sachdeva
Summary: The study indicates that the DNA damage response is dysregulated in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis, with higher expression of DDR genes compared to those without the disease. Additionally, DNA repair genes are also up-regulated in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Cecile Cumin, Yen-Lin Huang, Charlotte Rossdam, Felix Ruoff, Susana Posada Cespedes, Ching-Yeu Liang, Flavio C. Lombardo, Ricardo Coelho, Natalie Rimmer, Martina Konantz, Monica Nunez Lopez, Shahidul Alam, Alexander Schmidt, Diego Calabrese, Andre Fedier, Tatjana Vlajnic, Mark von Itzstein, Markus Templin, Falk F. R. Buettner, Arun Everest-Dass, Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz, Francis Jacob
Summary: The molecular repertoire promoting cancer cell plasticity remains partly unknown, but this study proposes that glyco-sphingolipids, specifically globo and ganglio series, play a role in promoting the transition between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The study found elevated levels of globosides in tumor compartments compared to the ganglioside-rich stroma. It also discovered that the ganglioside-synthesizing enzyme ST8SIA1 was consistently elevated in mesenchymal-like samples, indicating a poor outcome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Shi, Daan M. K. van Soest, Paulien E. Polderman, Boudewijn M. T. Burgering, Tobias B. Dansen
Summary: Oxidizing conditions trigger activation of the p53 tumor suppressor, with contributions from both SAPK signaling and DNA damage signaling pathways depending on the type of oxidant used. Modulating oxidative signaling could potentially stimulate p53 without inducing collateral DNA damage, thus limiting mutation accumulation in both healthy and tumor tissues.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xia Li, Chentao Li, Wanying Zhang, Yanan Wang, Pengxu Qian, He Huang
Summary: Aging is characterized by systemic chronic inflammation and its associated consequences. Inflammation and senescence form a vicious cycle, with senescent cells promoting chronic inflammation and inflammation accelerating cellular senescence. The persistence of elevated inflammation levels in organs leads to organ damage and age-related diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of inflammation and aging is crucial for developing effective anti-aging strategies.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. S. Sitnikov, A. A. Pronkin, I. V. Ilina, V. A. Revkova, M. A. Konoplyannikov, V. A. Kalsin, V. P. Baklaushev
Summary: The study utilized numerical modelling to estimate the thermal impact of THz pulses on water, demonstrating that the thermal effect is determined by either the average power of radiation or by the fluence of a single THz pulse depending on pulse repetition rate.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Po-Chang Shih
Summary: This article discusses the role of STAT3 in radioresistance and its relationship with the four Rs of radiotherapy. It is found that the STAT3 pathway inhibitor napabucasin antagonizes cancer stemness and radioresistance. The proposed mechanisms suggest that upstream and downstream effector proteins of STAT3 are involved in these processes.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yunyun Cheng, Wanqiao Li, Ruirui Gui, Chunli Wang, Jie Song, Zhaoguo Wang, Xue Wang, Yannan Shen, Zhicheng Wang, Linlin Hao
Summary: Radiotherapy is crucial in cancer treatment but can lead to DNA damage. The GH-IGF1 signaling pathway plays a key role in cancer development, the effects of radiotherapy on cancer cells, and the repair of adjacent tissues after radiation exposure.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Liem Minh Phan, Abdol-Hossein Rezaeian
Summary: ATM is a critical initiator and coordinator of the DNA-damage response, regulating important cellular processes. Despite being considered a major tumor suppressor, increased ATM signaling in some cancer cells provides significant advantages for cancer cell survival.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lan-ya Li, Yi-di Guan, Xi-sha Chen, Jin-ming Yang, Yan Cheng
Summary: DNA repair pathways play a crucial role in maintaining genetic stability in mammalian cells exposed to DNA-damaging agents, and their deregulation is associated with cancer development. Targeting DNA repair pathways could be a potential therapeutic approach for enhancing the effectiveness of cancer treatments.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)