Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Torbjorn Backstrom, Sahruh Turkmen, Roshni Das, Magnus Doverskog, Thomas P. Blackburn
Summary: The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders is increasing with an aging population. Chronic stress and positive GABA-A receptor modulating stress steroids can provoke impaired cognition. GABA-A receptor modulating steroid antagonists can block the negative cognitive effects of these steroids.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xenia Puig-Bosch, Markus Ballmann, Stefan Bieletzki, Bernd Antkowiak, Uwe Rudolph, Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer, Gerhard Rammes
Summary: Neurosteroids and benzodiazepines are GABA(A) receptor modulators with anxiolytic effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of neurosteroids and their synthesis using a synthetic compound called XBD173, which promotes neurosteroidogenesis by binding to the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO). The results showed that XBD173 induced neurosteroidogenesis and the application of potentially synthesized neurosteroids did not impair hippocampal CA1-LTP, which is important for learning and memory. Therefore, TSPO ligands could be promising candidates for post-ischemic recovery with neuroprotection and without detrimental effects on synaptic plasticity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Loredana Raciti, Caterina Formica, Gianfranco Raciti, Angelo Quartarone, Rocco Salvatore Calabro
Summary: Neurosteroids are synthesized de novo in the nervous system, mainly regulating neuronal excitability. They cross the blood-brain barrier and are stored in the brain. Neurosteroidogenesis occurs in brain regions such as the cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Neurosteroids play a vital role in sexual steroid-induced hippocampal synaptic plasticity, enhancing spine density and long term potentiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sara Montagnese, Mette Lauridsen, Hendrik Vilstrup, Lisa Zarantonello, Geza Lakner, Sergey Fitilev, Igor Zupanets, Irina Kozlova, Elena Bunkova, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Jan Erik Berglund, Fredrik Rorsman, Hannes Hagstrom, Stergios Kechagias, Carin Edmark Ocklind, Joe Mauney, Fredrik Thunarf, Masoud Mokhatarani, Torbjorn Backstrom, Magnus Doverskog, Lars-Erik Lins, Maria Mansson, Per Samuelson, Dag Nilsson, Martin Schalling, Maja Johansson, Eva Arlander, Bruce F. Scharschmidt
Summary: The study showed that golexanolone was well tolerated and associated with improvements in cognitive performance for cirrhotic patients. It had positive effects on sleepiness, attention, and brain wave activity, indicating its therapeutic potential.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Tateiwa, Satyanarayana M. Chintala, Ziwei Chen, Lei Wang, Fatima Amtashar, John Bracamontes, Allison L. Germann, Spencer R. Pierce, Douglas F. Covey, Gustav Akk, Alex S. Evers
Summary: This study aimed to determine the difference in enantioselectivity between allopregnanolone (ALLO) and pregnanolone (PREG) as positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of GABA(A) receptors. The results revealed that the difference in enantioselectivity is due to the differential binding of ALLO and PREG to the intersubunit binding site.
Article
Neurosciences
Caifeng Shao, Jiaxue Dong, Mingwei Zhao, Shenhao Liu, Xue Wang, Yang Yu, Lingyan Fang, Ziying Zhu, Qian Chen, Xu Xiao, Wei-Ning Zhang, Kun Yang
Summary: By combining cell type-specific optogenetics and whole cell recordings on mouse acute hippocampal slices, the study compared the GABA release from cholecystokinin-expressing (CCK) and parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons onto CA1 pyramidal neurons. The results provide direct evidence that GABA(B) receptors differentially modulate GABA release from CCK and PV interneurons.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Wang, Douglas F. Covey, Gustav Akk, Alex S. Evers
Summary: Neurosteroids are endogenous modulators of GABA(A) receptors that regulate anxiety, pain, mood, and arousal. The 3-hydroxyl epimers, allopregnanolone (3 alpha-OH) and epi-allopregnanolone (3 beta-OH), have opposite effects on GABA(A) receptor function, acting as positive and negative allosteric modulators, respectively. A model is proposed to explain the actions of these neurosteroids based on their binding to specific sites on GABA(A) receptors, with the net functional effect being the sum of their independent effects at each site.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Najah L. Walton, Pantelis Antonoudiou, Jamie L. Maguire
Summary: Affective disorders like depression and anxiety are prevalent worldwide and are leading causes of disability. The recent FDA approval of the antidepressant ZULRESSO & REG; (Brexanolone), a synthetic neurosteroid, has sparked interest in the role of neurosteroids in depression and their antidepressant effects. While most studies have focused on the impact of exogenous neurosteroids on affective states, endogenous neurosteroids synthesized from cholesterol or steroid hormones also play a role. This review aims to summarize current literature on the influence of neurosteroids on affective states and explore the role of endogenous neurosteroids in setting baseline affective tone.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eleonora Gatta, Diletta Camussi, James Auta, Alessandro Guidotti, Subhash C. Pandey
Summary: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a complex disorder commonly co-occurring with psychiatric disorders, including anxiety. Alcohol affects neurobiology in various ways, and current therapeutic options are limited. The GABAergic system, a target for alcohol, plays a role in regulating anxiety effects. Evidence suggests that alcohol alters the synthesis of neurosteroids, which are linked to changes in GABAA receptor expression. This review summarizes the role of neurosteroids in regulating the neuroendocrine system, highlights their involvement in AUD, and proposes potential pharmacotherapy approaches.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Szczurowska, Eszter Szanti-Pinter, Alena Randakova, Jan Jakubik, Eva Kudova
Summary: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are membrane receptors involved in various physiological processes, and dysfunction of their signaling is associated with internal diseases and psychiatric/neurologic conditions. Steroidal compounds, besides their genomic effects, can also modulate membrane proteins including muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Bradley M. Roberts, Emanuel F. Lopes, Stephanie J. Cragg
Summary: Striatal dopamine release is inhibited by striatal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting via GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors, which is regulated by plasma membrane GABA uptake transporters on striatal astrocytes. The regulation of striatal GABA-DA interactions serves as a potential therapeutic target for psychomotor disorders associated with dysregulated DA signaling.
Review
Neurosciences
David M. Lovinger, Yolanda Mateo, Kari A. Johnson, Sheila A. Engi, Mario Antonazzo, Joseph F. Cheer
Summary: This Review discusses the communication between central nervous system neurons mediated by ligand-gated ion channel receptors and G protein-coupled receptors, and explores the mechanisms and future directions of presynaptic receptor actions.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sarah A. Rudzinskas, Maria A. Mazzu, Crystal Edler Schiller, Samantha Meltzer-Brody, David R. Rubinow, Peter J. Schmidt, David Goldman
Summary: Brexanolone, a formulation of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (ALLO), has been approved for treating postpartum depression (PPD) and is being studied for its therapeutic effects in various neuropsychiatric disorders. This study compared the cellular response to ALLO in women with or without past PPD using patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines. The results suggest that ALLO may activate unique and opposing molecular pathways in women with PPD, which may be related to its antidepressant mechanism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adel E. Khairullin, Sergey N. Grishin, Ayrat U. Ziganshin
Summary: ATP and adenosine play important roles in regulating the release of acetylcholine at the neuro-muscular synapse. ATP acts through phospholipase C dependent processes, while adenosine has both negative and positive effects mediated by different receptor mechanisms.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Lucchi, Alessandro Codeluppi, Monica Filaferro, Giovanni Vitale, Cecilia Rustichelli, Rossella Avallone, Jessica Mandrioli, Giuseppe Biagini
Summary: We found that mouse BV2 microglia synthesize neurosteroids to modify levels in response to oxidative damage caused by rotenone. In this study, we investigated whether neurosteroids could also be produced and altered by the human microglial clone 3 (HMC3) cell line in response to rotenone. The results showed an increase in IL-6 and reactive oxygen species levels after 24 hours of rotenone exposure, without affecting cell viability. However, cell viability was significantly reduced after 48 hours, accompanied by downregulation of several neurosteroids except for allopregnanolone, which was increased.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jill-Hwa Cho, In-Sun Choi, Michiko Nakamura, Seok-Ho Lee, Maan-Gee Lee, Ii-Sung Jang
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Mithilesh Kumar Jha, Gyun Jee Song, Maan Gee Lee, Nam Ho Jeoung, Younghoon Go, Robert A. Harris, Dong Ho Park, Hyun Kook, In-Kyu Lee, Kyoungho Suk
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
In-Sun Choi, Jin-Hwa Cho, Maan-Gee Lee, Il-Sung Jang
Article
Neurosciences
Jin-Hwa Cho, In-Sun Choi, Seok-Ho Lee, Maan-Gee Lee, Ii-Sung Jang
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Habibur Rahman, Mithilesh Kumar Jha, Jong-Heon Kim, Youngpyo Nam, Maan Gee Lee, Younghoon Go, Robert A. Harris, Dong Ho Park, Hyun Kook, In-Kyu Lee, Kyoungho Suk
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Byung-Wook Kim, Kyoung Hoon Jeong, Jae-Hong Kim, Myungwon Jin, Jong-Heon Kim, Maan-Gee Lee, Dong-Kug Choi, So-Yoon Won, Catriona McLean, Min-Tae Jeon, Ho-Won Lee, Sang Ryong Kim, Kyoungho Suk
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Cell Biology
Youngpyo Nam, Jae-Hong Kim, Jong-Heon Kim, Mithilesh Kumar Jha, Ji Young Jung, Maan-Gee Lee, In-Sun Choi, Il-Sung Jang, Dong Gun Lim, Sung-Hun Hwang, Hee-Jung Cho, Kyoungho Suk
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mootaek Roh, Kyungmin Lee, Il-Sung Jang, Kyoungho Suk, Maan-Gee Lee
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Jae-Hong Kim, Pan-Woo Ko, Ho-Won Lee, Ji-Young Jeong, Maan-Gee Lee, Jong-Heon Kim, Won-Ha Lee, Ri Yu, Won-Jong Oh, Kyoungho Suk
Article
Entomology
Sang-Hyup Lee, In-Taek Oh, Maan Gee Lee, Young-Gu Ju, Soo-Chan Kim, Kwon-Seok Chae
ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
In-Sik Kang, Jin-Hwa Cho, Maan-Gee Lee, Il-Sung Jang
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jong-Geun Seo, Kyunghun Kang, Ji-Young Jung, Sung-Pa Park, Maan-Gee Lee, Ho-Won Lee
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Mootaek Roh, Il-Sung Jang, Kyoungho Suk, Maan-Gee Lee
CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jae-Hong Kim, In-Sun Choi, Ji-Young Jeong, Il-Sung Jang, Maan-Gee Lee, Kyoungho Suk
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jin-Eon Han, Jin-Hwa Cho, Michiko Nakamura, Maan-Gee Lee, Il-Sung Jang
KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2018)