Article
Cell Biology
Swathy O. Vasudevan, Ashley J. Russo, Puja Kumari, Sivapriya Kailasan Vanaja, Vijay A. Rathinam
Summary: CD14 plays a vital role in intracellular LPS sensing by mediating the cytosolic localization of LPS, leading to the activation of caspase-11. This study provides evidence for the critical role of CD14 in noncanonical inflammasome sensing of LPS.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Jesus Aranda, Maria del Mar Fernandez-Arjona, Francisco Alen, Patricia Rivera, Leticia Rubio, Ines Smith-Fernandez, Francisco Javier Pavon, Antonia Serrano, Pedro J. Serrano-Castro, Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca, Juan Suarez
Summary: Preclinical studies have shown that discontinuation of SSRIs leads to increased alcohol consumption after resuming drinking in AUD patients. Despite the immunomodulatory role of serotonin, the potential neuroinflammatory component of this escalation remains unexplored. Using a rat model, it was found that fluoxetine cessation after alcohol reinstatement altered microglial morphology in a region-specific manner, potentially contributing to alcohol-induced damage through the promotion of escalated drinking behavior.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Ciesielska, Marta Matyjek, Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
Summary: This article discusses the role of TLR4 in promoting inflammatory responses, including internalization and intracellular trafficking of exogenous endotoxin and bacteria. The authors emphasize the significant impact of internalization rate and endo-lysosomal compartment transport rate on inflammatory responses.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Songji Li, Wenyu Cao, Shifen Zhou, Minhui Ma, Wenjuan Zhang, Fang Li, Changqi Li
Summary: Recent research has found that genetic variants of Cntn1 are linked to major depressive disorders. Overexpression of Cntn1 in the hippocampus triggers anxiety- and depression-like phenotypes, microglia activation, and reduced immature neurons in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that Cntn1 plays a role in regulating anxiety and depression through functional actions in the hippocampus.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tingting Li, Lin Yuan, Yijing Zhao, Zige Jiang, Chengcheng Gai, Danqing Xin, Hongfei Ke, Xiaofan Guo, Wenqiang Chen, Dexiang Liu, Zhen Wang, Cyrus S. H. Ho
Summary: Neuroinflammation is important in the development of major depressive disorder, and osteopontin (OPN) plays a key role in neuroinflammation. This study demonstrates the crucial role of OPN in lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Oscar Manouchehrian, Marta Ramos, Sara Bachiller, Iben Lundgaard, Tomas Deierborg
Summary: The study aimed to measure the effect of acute inflammation on the glymphatic system by analyzing the distribution of CSF tracers after LPS injections. The results showed a significant decrease in perivascular CSF tracer flow and penetration into the parenchyma following LPS injections, without impacting AQP4 polarization, cytokines, astroglial and BBB markers, cerebral blood flow, or respiration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Bora Tastan, Burak I. Arioz, Kemal Ugur Tufekci, Emre Tarakcioglu, Ceren Perihan Gonul, Kursad Genc, Sermin Genc
Summary: In this study, DMF was shown to alleviate NLRP3 inflammasome activation by reducing levels of IL-1 beta, IL-18, caspase-1, and NLRP3, oxidative stress, and pyroptotic cell death via the Nrf2/NF-kappa B pathways. Additionally, DMF improved LPS-induced sickness behavior in male mice and decreased caspase-1/NLRP3 levels through Nrf2 activation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lu Wang, Feihong Lin, Miao Ren, Xia Liu, Wenjing Xie, Anqi Zhang, Meizi Qian, Yunchang Mo, Junlu Wang, Ya Lv
Summary: The study revealed that while the expression levels of PICK1 protein did not significantly change in sepsis-associated encephalopathy, its deficiency led to excessive activation of microglia and the TLR4 pathways, worsening the condition. Additionally, PICK1 was observed to form a complex with TLR4 in microglial cells, providing brain protection. These findings contribute to understanding PICK1's important role in sepsis and may offer novel therapeutic targets for treating sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eun Hae Kim, Youn Young Shim, Hye In Lee, Sanghyun Lee, Martin J. T. Reaney, Mi Ja Chung
Summary: The current study found that astragalin and isoquercitrin from chamchwi had anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Astragalin and isoquercitrin reduced the inflammatory response in LPS-induced microglial cells and hippocampus in mice.
Article
Neurosciences
Yunchang Mo, Lu Wang, Miao Ren, Wenjing Xie, Xiaoxiao Ye, Bingbing Zhou, Anqi Zhang, Qinxue Dai, Junlu Wang
Summary: The study suggests that electroacupuncture may reduce neuroinflammation responses, decrease inflammatory factors, and protect patients with SAE by increasing the formation of PICK1-TLR4 complexes.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
S. Alboni, C. Benatti, C. Colliva, G. Radighieri, J. M. C. Blom, N. Brunello, F. Tascedda
Summary: The study demonstrates that pretreatment with Vortioxetine prevents LPS-induced cognitive memory impairment without affecting acute sickness behavior and anhedonia. Vortioxetine may impact the immune response by affecting the microglia in the hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Athapaththu Mudiyanselage Gihan Kavinda Athapaththu, Kyeong Tae Lee, Mirissa Hewage Dumindu Kavinda, Seunghun Lee, Sanghyuck Kang, Mi-Hwa Lee, Chang -Hee Kang, Yung Hyun Choi, Gi-Young Kim
Summary: Pinostrobin, a natural flavonoid, has anti-inflammatory effects by binding to the TLR4/MD2 complex, attenuating LPS-induced inflammation and endotoxemia.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenhui Dong, Yuwen Zhu, Yangxi Zhang, Zhiwen Fan, Ziyu Zhang, Xiangshan Fan, Yong Xu
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant role of the BRG1-TLR4-SREBP1a axis in mediating LPS-induced liver injury in mice.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Meng Meng, Meizhi Lu, Junxia Feng, Xiaoying Zhou, Ping Meng, Luxuan Chen, Xunliang Zou, Xiaohui Liu, Langxia Liu, Xuejuan Gao, Yunfang Zhang
Summary: This study found that PPAR? in macrophages can be packaged into exosomes and regulate peritonitis by mediating intercellular communication. Exosomal PPAR? acts as a negative regulator of the CD14/TLR4 axis to suppress LPS-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo.
INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Seung-Woo Kim, Sang-A Oh, Song- Seol, Dashdulam Davaanyam, Ja-Kyeong Lee
Summary: The study found that HMGB1 plays a critical role in mediating NOD2-induced autophagy in microglia. Cytoplasmic accumulation of HMGB1 activates a cell-autonomous pro-autophagic pathway, while extracellular secretion of HMGB1 activates a cell-autonomous pro-inflammatory pathway.
Article
Immunology
R. Holland, A. L. McIntosh, O. M. Finucane, V. Mela, A. Rubio-Araiz, G. Timmons, S. A. McCarthy, Y. K. Gun'ko, M. A. Lynch
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Hannah Wolfe, Caoimhe Hannigan, Michael O'Sullivan, Liam Barry Carroll, Sabina Brennan, Brian Lawlor, Ian H. Robertson, Marina Lynch
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Allison McIntosh, Virginia Mela, Conor Harty, Aedin M. Minogue, Derek A. Costello, Christian Kerskens, Marina A. Lynch
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Wolfe, Virginia Mela, Aedin M. Minogue, Anne-Marie Miller, Chris McGuigan, Laura Williams, Deirdre Lohan, Brian A. Lawlor, Marina A. Lynch
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2019)
Review
Neurosciences
Marina A. Lynch
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Virginia Mela, Bibiana C. Mota, Mark Milner, Aoife McGinley, Kingston H. G. Mills, Aine M. Kelly, Marina A. Lynch
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Anne-Marie Howe, Aoife Cosgrave, Maitiu O'Murchu, Conor Britchfield, Aoife Mulvagh, Ivan Fernandez-Perez, Megan Dykstra, Aimee C. Jones, Derek A. Costello
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aimee C. Jones, Farhana Pinki, Gavin S. Stewart, Derek A. Costello
Summary: The study highlights the role of urea transporter B (UT-B) in regulating inflammatory responses in microglia and neuronal-like cells, suggesting UT-B as a potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammatory conditions.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Marie-Victoire Guillot-Sestier, Ana Rubio Araiz, Virginia Mela, Aline Sayd Gaban, Eoin O'Neill, Lisha Joshi, Edward T. Chouchani, Evanna L. Mills, Marina A. Lynch
Summary: The study demonstrated sex-related differences in microglia in postmortem brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease patients and in the APP/PS1 AD mouse model, showing differential gene expression associated with microglial activation and metabolism between male and female animals. These differences were also reflected in morphology and may contribute to the understanding of sexual dimorphism in Alzheimer's disease.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anne-Marie Howe, Sinead Burke, Marcella E. O'Reilly, Fiona C. McGillicuddy, Derek A. Costello
Summary: The relationship between obesity, neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases is well recognized. Dietary fats, specifically saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids, have different effects on inflammatory responses in the brain. Monounsaturated fatty acids may mitigate inflammation under obesogenic conditions.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Virginia Mela, Aline Sayd Gaban, Eoin O'Neill, Sibylle Bechet, Aife Walsh, Marina A. Lynch
Summary: There is a noticeable difference in the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases between sexes, which emphasizes the importance of considering sex-specific effects in treatments. Changes in microglial activation and metabolism have been observed in neurodegenerative diseases, and these changes may be influenced by sex. The drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has shown sex-specific effects on microglia in aging mice.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marina A. Lynch
Summary: One area of microglial biology that has been relatively neglected until recently is sex differences, which are a risk factor in diseases characterized by neuroinflammation. These differences extend to microglial number, genotype, and phenotype, and change during life. Understanding sex differences in microglia is important for the advancement of personalized medicine in dealing with conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Eoin O'Neill, Virginia Mela, Aline Sayd Gaban, Sibylle Bechet, Aoife McGrath, Aife Walsh, Allison McIntosh, Marina A. Lynch
Summary: Sexual dimorphism in microglial cells may contribute to the severity and incidence of Alzheimer's disease, as demonstrated by differences in morphology and function between male and female AD patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Joanna McHugh Power, Sile Carney, Caoimhe Hannigan, Sabina Brennan, Hannah Wolfe, Marina Lynch, Frank Kee, Brian Lawlor
JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2019)
Letter
Immunology
Wan-Ju Cheng, Hong-Mo Shih, Kuan-Pin Su, Po-Ren Hsueh
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Felipe Kenji Sudo, Talita P. Pinto, Fernanda G. Q. Barros-Aragao, Ivanei Bramati, Theo F. Marins, Marina Monteiro, Fernanda Meireles, Rejane Soares, Pilar Erthal, Victor Calil, Naima Assuncao, Natalia Oliveira, Joana Bondarovsky, Camila Lima, Beatriz Chagas, Alana Batista, Julia Lins, Thais L. Pinheiro, Felippe Mendonca, Andrea Silveira de Souza, Fernanda C. Rodrigues, Gabriel R. de Freitas, Pedro Kurtz, Paulo Mattos, Erika C. Rodrigues, Fernanda G. De Felice, Fernanda Tovar-Moll
Summary: Post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC) is a multisystemic syndrome that persists for months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting cognitive function and neuropsychiatric features. A study on COVID-19 survivors in Brazil found that these patients experienced significant difficulties in overall cognition, memory, working memory, and inhibitory control, as well as fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. In addition, elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood were associated with brain microstructural damage and cognitive impairments.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Letter
Immunology
Tieh-Cheng Fu, Juei-Chao Chen, Ching-Mao Chang
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Aastha Dheer, Dale B. Bosco, Jiaying Zheng, Lingxiao Wang, Shunyi Zhao, Koichiro Haruwaka, Min-Hee Yi, Abhijeet Barath, Dai-Shi Tian, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the pathology of epilepsy, with both acute and prolonged activation affecting seizure severity and neuronal loss.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Julie B. Rosenberg, Jens Richardt Mollegaard Jepsen, Parisa Mohammadzadeh, Astrid Sevelsted, Rebecca Vinding, Mikkel E. Sorensen, David Horner, Kristina Aagaard, Birgitte Fagerlund, Susanne Brix, Nilofar Folsgaard, Ann -Marie M. Schoos, Jakob Stokholm, Bo Chawes, Christos Pantelis, Soren Dalsgaard, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Niels Bilenberg, Klaus Bonnelykke, Bjorn H. Ebdrup
Summary: Clinical data demonstrates a strong association between prenatal maternal inflammation assessed by hs-CRP and a diagnosis of ADHD by age 10. Maternal inflammation is also associated with ADHD symptom load in the entire cohort.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Suzanne M. Green-Fulgham, Michael J. Lacagnina, Kendal F. Willcox, Jiahe Li, Michael E. Harland, Adriano Polican Ciena, Igor R. Correia Rocha, Jayson B. Ball, Renee A. Dreher, Younus A. Zuberi, Joseph M. Dragavon, Marucia Chacur, Steven F. Maier, Linda R. Watkins, Peter M. Grace
Summary: Regular aerobic activity, specifically voluntary wheel running, can reduce the risk of chronic pain by inhibiting MAC and preserving myelin integrity at the site of peripheral nerve injury.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
India Boyton, Stella M. Valenzuela, Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino, Andrew Care
Summary: Neuronanomedicine is a multidisciplinary field that aims to develop innovative nanotechnologies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Nanoparticles are an important component of neuronanomedicine, as they can improve drug properties and enhance safety and delivery across the blood-brain barrier. However, a major challenge for neuronanomedicine translation is the poor understanding of bio-nano interactions, partly due to inconsistent reporting in published works. This review provides specific recommendations to guide researchers in harnessing the unique properties of nanoparticles for breakthrough treatments of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Celine De Looze, Cathal McCrory, Aisling O'Halloran, Silvia Polidoro, Rose Anne Kenny, Joanne Feeney
Summary: Our study found that subjective measures of stress and biological metrics may be independently associated with cognitive function over time in older adults, hinting at potential different underlying mechanisms.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Beatrice Bravi, Elisa Maria Teresa Melloni, Marco Paolini, Mariagrazia Palladini, Federico Calesella, Laura Servidio, Elena Agnoletto, Sara Poletti, Cristina Lorenzi, Cristina Colombo, Francesco Benedetti
Summary: Depressed patients show changes in immune-inflammatory markers in their blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The Choroid Plexus, located at the base of the brain ventricles, plays a key role in regulating the exchange of substances between the brain and immune cells. Patients with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder have larger Choroid Plexus volumes compared to healthy controls. Age and levels of circulating cytokines are associated with Choroid Plexus volumes in the clinical groups.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Mingxuan Zheng, Huaiyu Ye, Xiaoying Yang, Lijun Shen, Xuemei Dang, Xiaoli Liu, Yuying Gong, Qingyuan Wu, Li Wang, Xing Ge, Xiaoli Fang, Benchi Hou, Peng Zhang, Renxian Tang, Kuiyang Zheng, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu
Summary: Obesity is linked to cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease. The connection between the gut microbiota and the brain is altered in obesity. The probiotic Clostridium butyricum can improve cognitive impairment caused by obesity and prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Edward Drydale, Phalguni Rath, Katie Holden, Gregory Holt, Laurissa Havins, Thomas Johnson, James Bancroft, Lahiru Handunnetthi
Summary: This study created a novel three-dimensional neurosphere assay using induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation and live cell imaging techniques to investigate the effect of a simulated viral infection on cortical development. The findings demonstrated that the infection led to reduced radial glial growth and neural migration.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yuancheng Weng, Ningting Chen, Rui Zhang, Jian He, Xukai Ding, Guo Cheng, Qianqian Bi, Ying-mei Lu, Xiao Z. Shen, Shu Wan, Peng Shi
Summary: This study reveals that microglia is the primary cellular source of PDGFB in adults, and microglial PDGFB is crucial for maintaining BBB integrity in adult mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Evan A. Bordt, Haley A. Moya, Young Chan Jo, Caitlin T. Ravichandran, Izabella M. Bankowski, Alexis M. Ceasrine, Christopher J. Mcdougle, William A. Carlezon Jr, Staci D. Bilbo
Summary: There is a strong male bias in many neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, but the mechanisms behind this bias are unknown. Infection during the perinatal period increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Using a mouse model, researchers found that early-life immune activation only induced deficits in social behaviors in male mice. These behavioral changes were associated with alterations in microglial immune signaling, mitochondrial morphology, gene expression, and function specifically in microglia, the brain's innate immune cells. Furthermore, the vulnerability to early-life immune activation and its effects on behavior and microglial mitochondria were programmed by the male-typical perinatal gonadal hormone surge. These findings highlight the role of microglia-specific mechanisms shaped by early developmental events in regulating male social behavior throughout lifespan.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Maria Amalia Di Castro, Stefano Garofalo, Alessandro Mormino, Laura Carbonari, Erika Di Pietro, Eleonora De Felice, Myriam Catalano, Laura Maggi, Cristina Limatola
Summary: Cytokines, such as interleukin-15 (IL-15), play important roles in modulating the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, the authors found that exposure to IL-15 enhances GABA release and reduces glutamatergic currents in hippocampal slices. Chronic treatment with IL-15 has negative effects on memory formation. Serotonin is involved in mediating these effects, as a selective 5-HT3A receptor antagonist prevents the effects on inhibitory neurotransmission and improves performance in a memory test.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Nikhitha Sreenivas, Michael Maes, Hansashree Padmanabha, Apoorva Dharmendra, Priyanka Chakkera, Saptamita Paul Choudhury, Fazal Abdul, Thrinath Mullapudi, Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, Michael Berk, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Monojit Debnath
Summary: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a spectrum of conditions with both common and differing characteristics in terms of phenome, symptomatome, neuropathology, risk factors and underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the possibility of a shared immune etiology among three early-onset NDDs, namely Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Intellectual Disability Disorder (IDD).
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)