Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Khin Thandar Htun, Krit Jaikumkao, Jie Pan, Aye Thidar Moe Moe, Nuttawadee Intachai, Sasivimon Promsan, Anusorn Lungkaphin, Monruedee Tapanya, Duanghathai Pasanta, Montree Tungjai, Siriprapa Kaewjaeng, Hong Joo Kim, Jakrapong Kaewkhao, Christopher Lai, Suchart Kothan
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between ectopic fat distribution and metabolite profiles induced by high-fat diets in rats. Visceral fat was found to have the strongest correlation with blood cholesterol levels, while liver fat content showed high correlation with specific metabolites like (-CH2)(n) VLDL/LDL and lactate. Five potential metabolic biomarkers were identified to differentiate between high-fat diet and normal diet groups.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qiaoyue Tan, Wenyu Liu, Xinyue Wan, Weina Wang, Xiaorui Su, Huaiqiang Sun, Simin Zhang, Qiang Yue
Summary: The study identified a decreased NAA as a prominent abnormality in MCDs. The spectra of different MCDs subcategories showed differences, with DOM characterized by decreased NAA and DOPM characterized by increased Ins. Additionally, Cr and Glx were found to be positively correlated with seizure frequency.
Article
Biology
Khin Thandar Htun, Jie Pan, Duanghathai Pasanta, Montree Tungjai, Chatchanok Udomtanakunchai, Thanaporn Petcharoen, Nattacha Chamta, Supak Kosicharoen, Kiattisak Chukua, Christopher Lai, Suchart Kothan
Summary: This study demonstrates the association between changes in metabolome in young adults, the key population for early prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of dyslipidemia is mainly influenced by visceral fat depots, while liver fat depot is a key determinant for glucose metabolism and hyperglycemia. Noninvasive advanced molecular imaging fully elucidates the impact of fat distribution on anthropometric and laboratory parameters related to metabolic syndrome biomarkers in young adults.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Min Tae M. Park, Peter Jeon, Ali R. Khan, Kara Dempster, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Jason P. Lerch, Michael MacKinley, Jean Theberge, Lena Palaniyappan
Summary: The study suggests disrupted serotonergic and glutamatergic signaling play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, particularly affecting the hippocampus. It found reduced hippocampal volumes and specific subfields in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, with gene expression showing correlations between serotonin and glutamate receptor genes.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. G. Soeiro-de-Souza, E. Scotti-Muzzi, F. Fernandes, R. T. De Sousa, C. C. Leite, M. C. Otaduy, R. Machado-Vieira
Summary: The study longitudinally assessed H-1-MRS metabolites in the ACC of BDep patients and found higher levels of mI/Cr and Cho/Cr compared to healthy controls at baseline. After treatment, levels of mI/Cr or Cho/Cr in euthymic patients were similar to controls, while non-responders still had elevated Cho/Cr levels. This suggests a critical regulatory effect of lithium on the PI cycle involved in mood regulation.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Juan C. Garcia-Canaveras, Agustin Lahoz
Summary: Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to support tumor growth and immune evasion. Targeting altered cancer metabolism using pharmacological and noninvasive approaches can aid in diagnosis and therapy.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pernilla Peterson, Lena Trinh, Sven Mansson
Summary: Adipose tissue and other fat depots are increasingly recognized as active contributors to human function and metabolism, with their fatty acid chemical composition playing a role in diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, osteoporosis, and cancer. MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift-encoded imaging are established methods for quantifying fat concentration in tissue, with recent developments focusing on assessing the fatty acid composition. Both MRI and MRS offer non-invasive alternatives to gas chromatography for measuring fatty acid composition in vivo, but further studies are needed to address potential biases and differences in measurement techniques.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa Pomp, Jeroen Antonius Lodewijk Jeneson, W. Ludo van der Pol, Bart Bartels
Summary: This systematic review aims to critically evaluate and summarize the sensitivity of quantitative, non-invasive biomarkers for measuring the effects of exercise training. Various biomarkers, including imaging techniques and electrophysiological techniques, showed significant changes in muscle morphology and neural adaptations following resistance training and oxidative metabolism after endurance training. However, the clinical relevance of some biomarkers still needs further evaluation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chi-Hyeon Yoo, Jinho Kim, Hyeon-Man Baek, Keun-A Chang, Bo-Young Choe
Summary: This study investigates the morphological and metabolic changes in the brains of 5xFAD mice. It finds significantly reduced gray matter in specific areas of the brain, as well as alterations in certain metabolites. These changes are supported by reductions in specific cell types and disturbances in membrane synthesis. The findings demonstrate the impact of the FAD mutation on brain structure and metabolism in this mouse model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
L. L. de Godoy, A. Studart-Neto, M. Wylezinska-Arridge, M. H. Tsunemi, N. C. Moraes, M. S. Yassuda, A. M. Coutinho, C. A. Buchpiguel, R. Nitrini, S. Bisdas, C. da Costa Leite
Summary: This study used H-1-MRS to characterize superagers and differentiate them from their normal-aging peers, finding a higher total N-acetyl aspartate concentration in superagers, reflecting a positive association with higher cognitive performance. H-1-MR spectroscopy emerged as a promising technique to unravel neurochemical mechanisms related to cognitive aging in vivo and provide a brain metabolic signature in superagers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Brahim Tabarki, Wejdan Hakami, Nader Alkhuraish, Kalthoum Graies-Tlili, Marwan Nashabat, Majid Alfadhel
Summary: This study examines the relationship between inherited metabolic disorders and pediatric stroke. It emphasizes the characteristics, causes, and treatment methods of metabolic stroke.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Hahnsung Kim, Lisa C. Krishnamurthy, Phillip Zhe Sun
Summary: This article discusses the importance of homeostasis and pH regulation for normal tissue metabolism and physiology, as well as the alteration of brain tissue pH in diseased states. It reviews the development and challenges of noninvasive tissue pH mapping techniques, with a focus on CEST pH imaging. The article provides examples of emerging pH imaging applications in tumors and discusses CEST pH imaging in acute stroke, highlighting the potential value of CEST pH imaging.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mohammed Almannai, Rabah A. Al Mahmoud, Mohammed Mekki, Ayman W. El-Hattab
Summary: Metabolic diseases should be considered in children with seizures, as prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for preventing or minimizing complications. Seizures caused by underlying metabolic diseases, known as metabolic seizures, should be particularly considered in certain contexts such as unexplained neonatal seizures or family history of epilepsy.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wei Mai, Aizhen Zhang, Qiang Liu, Liying Tang, Yichen Wei, Jiahui Su, Gaoxiong Duan, Jinlong Teng, Xiucheng Nong, Bihan Yu, Chong Li, Lijuan Shao, Demao Deng, Shangjie Chen, Lihua Zhao
Summary: This study suggests that moxa cone moxibustion can improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), possibly by improving abnormal brain metabolism in the hippocampus and posterior cingulate gyrus.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Avyarthana Dey, Collin C. Luk, Abdullah Ishaque, Daniel Ta, Ojas Srivastava, Dennell Krebs, Peter Seres, Chris Hanstock, Christian Beaulieu, Lawrence Korngut, Richard Frayne, Lorne Zinman, Simon Graham, Angela Genge, Hannah Briemberg, Sanjay Kalra
Summary: This study aimed to identify the structural and neurochemical properties that contribute to functional connectivity impairments in the primary motor cortex (PMC) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and to understand the clinical implications of these findings. The analysis of multimodal data revealed reduced functional connectivity between the PMC and other regions in the brain, as well as alterations in neurochemical markers and diffusion metrics. Furthermore, there were correlations between neurochemical markers, diffusion metrics, and upper motor neuron function. These findings suggest that in vivo neurochemistry may serve as an effective imaging marker for assessing functional connectivity impairments in ALS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
