Review
Health Policy & Services
Milicen C. Tamayo, Page D. Dobbs, Yair Pincu
Summary: Current studies show that family-centered interventions are effective in controlling childhood obesity among Hispanic children, especially over longer timeframes where sustained behavior and anthropometric improvements are observed.
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Louise R. Jones, Pauline M. Emmett, Nicholas P. Hays, Yassaman Shahkhalili, Caroline M. Taylor
Summary: The study aimed to replicate a previous finding that low fat intake in early childhood was linked to increased adiposity in adulthood, but the results did not support this. Instead, a positive association was found between high fat intake at 18 months and fat mass in boys at 9 years, with no association in girls. Additionally, fat intake was positively correlated with serum leptin concentration in boys, but not in girls.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ayan Chatterjee, Andreas Prinz, Martin Gerdes, Santiago Martinez
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the impact of digital interventions on weight management for maintaining a healthy lifestyle, identifying successful methods for promoting healthy lifestyle through digital interventions. The results provide a foundation for further research and digital health interventions in personalized lifestyle recommendations.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Di Yang, Rongrong Xu, Yinfang Tu, Yunfeng Xiao, Hongwei Zhang, Weijie Liu, Pin Zhang, Haoyong Yu, Yuqian Bao, Ying Yang, Junfeng Han
Summary: Sleeve gastrectomy leads to a decrease in femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) in both women and men. Changes in body composition are associated with BMD loss at different time points and bone sites.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Roxana Raab, Sophie Michel, Julia Guenther, Julia Hoffmann, Lynne Stecher, Hans Hauner
Summary: Prenatal lifestyle interventions did not show significant influence on childhood weight or growth in children aged 1 month to 7 years. Despite the lack of impact, women should still be encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. Further research is needed to establish early prevention strategies for childhood obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Popi Kasvis, Tamara R. Cohen, Sarah-Eve Loiselle, Tom J. Hazell, Catherine A. Vanstone, Hope A. Weiler
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between body composition and vitamin D status. The results showed that vitamin D deficiency was not present in children aged 6-12 with obesity. The study also found that reductions in adiposity did not alter the vitamin D status.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heidi E. Johnston, Tahnie G. Takefala, Jaimon T. Kelly, Shelley E. Keating, Jeff S. Coombes, Graeme A. Macdonald, Ingrid J. Hickman, Hannah L. Mayr
Summary: Alterations in body composition, particularly sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, are complications of liver cirrhosis associated with adverse outcomes. This systematic review evaluates the effect of diet and/or exercise interventions on body composition in adults with cirrhosis. Combined diet and exercise interventions, especially those employing high protein diets with aerobic and/or resistance exercises for at least 8 weeks, show the largest improvements in body composition. However, further adequately powered randomized controlled trials targeting overweight/obese populations and using guideline-recommended measures are needed to clarify if sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity is modifiable in patients with cirrhosis.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Travis R. Moore, Mark C. Pachucki, Larissa Calancie, Ariella R. Korn, Erin Hennessy, Christina D. Economos
Summary: Community coalitions have the capability to address local issues with customized implementation of evidence-based strategies. Studies show that coalition-committee networks are patterned in their structure and characteristics, suggesting adjustments based on baseline structure and characteristics could benefit intervention implementation.
Article
Pediatrics
Foteini Balomenou, Dimitrios Rallis, Filippos Evangelou, Anna Zisi, Kalliopi Balomenou, Nikolaos Tsekas, Meropi Tzoufi, Ekaterini Siomou, Vasileios Giapros
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between body composition and small for gestation age (SGA) status in prepubertal children. The findings indicate that SGA-born children have lower BMI and a negative association between SGA status and BMI and lean mass.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natalie Eichner-Seitz, Russell R. Pate, Ian M. Paul
Summary: In the context of childhood obesity epidemic, this narrative review aims to explore opportunities and health outcomes associated with physical activity promotion between birth and age 5 years. Guidelines for physical activity often do not address early childhood due to limited evidence. This review discusses interventions for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers to prevent obesity and promote health in both short and long term. It also calls for research on innovative interventions that can be implemented in home or childcare settings and monitored by parents or caregivers.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amy Sylivris, Jakub Mesinovic, David Scott, Paul Jansons
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the changes in relative lean mass and fat mass in adults with obesity following surgical weight loss interventions. The results showed that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) resulted in greater weight and fat loss at 12 months compared to gastric banding, but had similar effects on lean mass changes.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Rita Pereira, Andreia Oliveira
Summary: Most dietary interventions for childhood obesity prevention focus on person-based educational approaches and show inconsistent effects on changing children's body mass index. Few interventions address environmental changes and macro policy changes, and their sustainability over time remains unclear.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aeltsje Brinksma, Esther Sulkers, Dorus Kouwenberg, Otto T. H. M. Lelieveld, Annemieke M. Boot, Johannes G. M. Burgerhof, Wim J. E. Tissing
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the changes in body size and body composition in a heterogeneous sample of childhood cancer survivors prospectively seven years after diagnosis. The results showed that children with hematological and brain malignancies experienced continued increase in BMI z-score after treatment, leading to a quadrupling of obesity prevalence. The study highlights the importance of raising awareness about the risk of developing overweight in children during cancer treatment.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jun-Hyuk Lee, A-Ra Cho, Yu-Jin Kwon
Summary: High dairy protein intake is inversely related to the development of LMAO in Korean women, indicating that dairy protein intake may be effective in preventing incident LMAO.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shumenghui Zhai, Frances Chu, Minghui Tan, Nai-Ching Chi, Teresa Ward, Weichao Yuwen
Summary: This article provides an updated review of interventions using digital health tools to support family caregivers and highlights the importance of Human-Centered Design approaches. The findings suggest that digitally enhanced health interventions have the potential to significantly improve caregiver well-being and caregiving abilities.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Johanna U. Goedde, Trista Yue Yuan, Lisa Kakinami, Tamara R. Cohen
Summary: The study finds that intuitive eating is positively correlated with psychosocial health indicators, with differences in intuitive eating between males and females, and limited impact of age and ethnicity. Intuitive eating may support a healthy lifestyle, and further research is needed to determine its effects on eating behavior and other health-related behaviors.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valerie Bouzo, Hugues Plourde, Hailee Beckenstein, Tamara R. Cohen
Summary: This study evaluated a Canadian diet application called Keeroa(TM) and compared it with a conventional pen and paper method. Based on user feedback, strengths, challenges, and future recommendations of the app were identified. Despite some limitations, participants preferred using mobile apps to record their diets.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIETETIC PRACTICE AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Tamara R. Cohen, Ivy L. Mak, Sarah-Eve Loiselle, Popi Kasvis, Tom J. Hazell, Catherine A. Vanstone, Celia Rodd, Hope A. Weiler
Summary: This study assessed the effects of a family-centered lifestyle intervention on overweight or obese children. The results showed that the intervention led to small reductions in body mass index and a plateau in trunk fat mass. Additionally, bone health improved in both groups.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Popi Kasvis, Tamara R. Cohen, Sarah-Eve Loiselle, Tom J. Hazell, Catherine A. Vanstone, Hope A. Weiler
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between body composition and vitamin D status. The results showed that vitamin D deficiency was not present in children aged 6-12 with obesity. The study also found that reductions in adiposity did not alter the vitamin D status.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lisa Kakinami, Sabine Plummer, Tamara R. Cohen, Sylvia Santosa, Jessica Murphy
Summary: This study assessed the association between body-composition phenotypes and adiposity measures, health behaviors, and cardiometabolic risks in a representative U.S. adult population. The results showed that high adiposity phenotypes were associated with poorer health behaviors and cardiovascular risk factors.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Alysha L. Deslippe, Andy Bains, Sarah-Eve Loiselle, Popi Kasvis, Ivy Mak, Hope Weiler, Tamara R. Cohen
Summary: This study demonstrates that SMART goals set by children in a lifestyle intervention have a positive impact on weight outcomes. Children set goals with a registered dietitian over a six-month period, with goals classified based on type, direction, and theoretical constructs. Participants who maintained or decreased their body mass index after six months created significantly more goals related to the subjective norm. Future interventions should incorporate health recommendations into SMART goals to promote success among children.
Article
Rehabilitation
Tamara R. Cohen, Brent Rosenstein, Amanda Rizk, Stephane Frenette, Maryse Fortin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the side-to-side asymmetry in body composition of college rugby players according to sex and position, and to explore the association between side-to-side asymmetry and lower limb injuries or lower back pain. The results showed that male rugby players had greater asymmetry in arm bone mass, while forwards had greater asymmetry in trunk fat mass. However, there was no significant association between body composition asymmetry and lower limb injuries or lower back pain.
JOURNAL OF SPORT REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lauren Digby, Seth F. McCarthy, Derek P. B. Bornath, Jennifer L. Copeland, Tom J. Hazell
Summary: This study investigated the effects of running and cycling sprint interval training on individual and group cardiorespiratory fitness. The results showed that both training modes were effective in improving peak oxygen consumption and had similar effects.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Jessica A. L. Tucker, Derek P. D. Bornath, Seth F. F. McCarthy, Tom J. J. Hazell
Summary: Leptin is an important hormone for appetite regulation and energy balance. It interacts with various appetite-regulating hormones such as ghrelin, cholecystokinin, and GLP-1. The relationships between leptin and other neuropeptides are not well understood yet.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alysha L. Deslippe, Alexandra Soanes, Celeste C. Bouchaud, Hailee Beckenstein, May Slim, Hugues Plourde, Tamara R. Cohen
Summary: The aim of this systematic review was to understand the perceived barriers and facilitators to lifestyle intervention guidelines. The study found that there were common facilitators and barriers at the individual, environment, and intervention levels. Improving behavior adherence can be achieved through fostering self-regulatory skills, providing social engagement opportunities, and setting personalized goals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Seth F. McCarthy, Derek P. D. Bornath, Claudia Jarosz, Jessica A. L. Tucker, Philip J. Medeiros, Kenji A. Kenno, Tom J. Hazell
Summary: Exercise in young adults suppresses appetite in a dose-response relationship with exercise intensity. Lactate is the most well established mechanism for this response. However, no study has investigated this in middle-aged adults where the appetite response to a meal is different.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jenna B. Wowdzia, Tom J. Hazell, Emily R. Vanden Berg, Lawrence Labrecque, Patrice Brassard, Margie H. Davenport
Summary: This study compared the cardiovascular responses of pregnant women and fetuses to acute bouts of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). The results showed that both HIIT and MICT were well tolerated by both the mother and fetus during exercise.
Article
Surgery
Tair Ben-Porat, Angela Alberga, Marie-Claude Audet, Sylvie Belleville, Tamara R. Cohen, Pierre Y. Garneau, Kim L. Lavoie, Patrick Marion, Samira Mellah, Radu Pescarus, Elham Rahme, Sylvia Santosa, Anne-Sophie Studer, Dajana Vuckovic, Robbie Woods, Reyhaneh Yousefi, Simon L. Bacon
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of weight loss surgery on dietary and gut microbiota patterns, and their associations with cognition and brain structure. The findings from this study can be used to develop individually-targeted neurodegenerative disease prevention strategies, as well as providing critical mechanistic information.
SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alysha L. Deslippe, Coralie Bergeron, Tamara R. Cohen
Summary: This study aims to identify the reasons behind the different motivations for dietary habits among adolescent boys and girls.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hailee Beckenstein, May Slim, Helene Kim, Hugues Plourde, Robert Kilgour, Tamara R. Cohen
Summary: This study identified education, social support, goal-setting, and self-awareness as key facilitators for breast cancer survivors to adhere to a weight loss lifestyle intervention, while factors such as personal life, health issues, and meal dissatisfaction were identified as barriers to intervention adherence. All participants planned to continue their healthy habits post intervention. Recommendations for future interventions included addressing exercise regimes, providing meal-provisioning, and improving dietary intake monitoring methods.