Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hyeon Yang, Bo Ram Lee, Hwi-Cheul Lee, Hoonsung Choi, Sun Keun Jung, Ji-Youn Kim, Jingu No, Sureshkumar Shanmugam, Yong Jin Jo, Keon Bong Oh, Kyung Woon Kim, Sung June Byun
Summary: Virus injection into EGK-X embryos is a common method in avian transgenesis, using a chicken ovalbumin gene promoter to induce gene expression. Recombinant promoters linking regulatory regions of ovalbumin and other oviduct-specific genes have shown increased luciferase activity in chicken oviduct cells, suggesting they may be a more efficient way to drive trans-gene expression in transgenic chickens.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lily Li, Rachel Waymack, Mario Gad, Zeba Wunderlich
Summary: The study reveals that the expression of developmental genes is regulated by multiple enhancers and core promoters, which provide both redundancy and specificity. Specific burst properties during transcription, such as burst size and frequency, are most strongly tuned by the combination of promoters and enhancers. The presence of multiple promoters in a locus is due to enhancer preference and a need for redundancy, with broad promoters being common among developmental genes.
Article
Biology
Min Ho Jang, Honggi Min, Jae Seong Lee
Summary: This study investigated the responses of different exogenous promoters to mild hypothermia in HEK293 cells, finding that CMV promoter showed significant enhancement of EGFP expression at low temperature. The study also revealed the importance of the CMV enhancer region and the impact of NKX3-1 on EGFP expression.
Article
Oncology
Jinyu Kang, Lujie Hang, Wentao Zheng, Jia Luo, Xie Zhang, Yufei Song, Aiming Liu
Summary: This study compared the transduction efficiency of rAAV8 vectors with different promoters in the liver following IV and IP injections. The results showed that the CAG promoter exhibited the highest efficiency in both IV and IP injections. IV administration with the CAG promoter resulted in 67-fold higher EGFP expression compared to the TBG410 promoter group and 26-fold higher compared to the TBG669 promoter group. Both CAG and TBG669 promoters showed higher EGFP protein expression with IV injection compared to IP injection. With the CAG promoter, IV injection resulted in 1.5-fold higher EGFP protein expression compared to IP injection. No differences were observed between the two administrations with the TBG410 promoter.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanyuan Dou, Yan Lin, Tian-yun Wang, Xiao-Yin Wang, Yan-long Jia, Chun-peng Zhao
Summary: The combination of CMV enhancer with CAG promoter showed the highest efficiency for recombinant protein expression in HEK293F cells. Mild hypothermia post-transfection further increased the positive effect of CAG promoter on eGFP expression. CAG promoter outperformed CMV promoter in driving recombinant protein expression.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jihong Zhang, Tian-Yun Wang, Chunbo Zhang, Chunliu Mi, Shaolei Geng, Yuanyuan Tang, Xiaoyin Wang
Summary: A non-viral episomal vector based on matrix attachment region (MAR) has been developed for efficient plasmid replication in mammal cells. By incorporating AAT promoter and hCMV enhancer, tissue-specific expression of eGFP is achieved in hepatic cells. The composite promoter can be used as a potential gene transfer tool for liver disease management, possibly influenced by specific transcription factors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seamus Balinth, Matthew L. Fisher, Yon Hwangbo, Caizhi Wu, Carlos Ballon, Xueqin Sun, Alea A. Mills
Summary: This study reveals the crucial roles of EZH2 and SETDB1 in the stem cell phenotype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and their regulation through interactions with Delta Np63 alpha and RUNX3.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thanushiyan Poobalasingam, Francesca Bianco, Fazal Oozeer, Phillip R. Gordon-Weeks
Summary: The drebrin/EB3 pathway plays a crucial role in neuritogenesis, with loss-of-function leading to reduced dynamic microtubules at the cell periphery and delayed initiation of neuritogenesis, while overexpression inducing supernumerary neurites. EB3 is more closely located to dynamic microtubule plus-ends than EB1 in growth cone filopodia, facilitating continuous microtubule elongation and neuritogenesis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kyung Min Jung, Kyung Je Park, Young Min Kim, Jae Yong Han
Summary: This study compared the CMV promoter with three neuron-specific promoters (cCaMKII, cNestin, and human synapsin I) to explore the possibility of manipulating gene expression in chicken embryonic brain cells. The results showed that two neuron-specific promoters (cCaMKII and cNestin) successfully expressed transgenes in cultured brain cells and had comparable or higher expression levels in brain cells than the ubiquitous CMV promoter. Overexpression of the FOXP2 gene driven by the cNestin promoter significantly affected the expression levels of target genes, CNTNAP2 and ELAVL4.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eriko Matsuda, Yuki Obama, Ken-ichiro Kosai
Summary: The study developed a safe and low-dose adenovirus-mediated gene therapy for T1D in mice, which effectively attenuated blood glucose levels and maintained plasma insulin at normal levels without causing liver toxicity. This clinically feasible and safe therapeutic strategy may offer a new treatment option for T1D.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rupam Kumar Bhunia, Guillaume N. Menard, Peter J. Eastmond
Summary: Achieving gain-of-function phenotypes without inserting foreign DNA is an important challenge for plant biotechnologists. In this study, the researchers demonstrated a method using dual-guide CRISPR/Cas9 to bring a gene under the control of a promoter from an upstream gene by deleting the intervening genomic sequence. By fusing the promoter of a nonessential gene with DGAT2, the researchers were able to drive ectopic oil accumulation in leaves, greatly enhancing DGAT2 expression and triacylglycerol content. This deletion strategy offers a transgene-free approach for engineering traits that rely on transcriptional gain-of-function.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yu. A. Eidelman, S. G. Andreev
Summary: The interaction between enhancers and super-enhancers with promoters plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation. Computational analysis of chromatin conformations near the Nanog pluripotency gene in embryonic stem cells and lymphoma cells reveals differences in the frequency and complexity of contacts between promoters and super-enhancers. Numerical results indicate the existence of a subpopulation of cancer cells with multiple promoter-super-enhancer contacts, suggesting a potential link to increased stemness and the development of cancer stem cells.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jeong Hoon Han, Hong Jo Lee, Tae Hyun Kim
Summary: Understanding the function of DNA regulatory elements is crucial for uncovering the complexity of genetic regulation networks. The emergence of CRISPR technology has provided a powerful tool for studying non-coding regulatory elements in genomes. In this study, the researchers used epigenetic data to identify regulatory regions associated with three genes in the chicken genome, and demonstrated the effectiveness of CRISPR activation in precisely manipulating the expression of these genes.
FRONTIERS IN GENOME EDITING
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Abigail Woodfin, Martina Beyrau, Mathieu-Benoit Voisin, Bin Ma, James R. Whiteford, Peter L. Hordijk, Nancy Hogg, Sussan Nourshargh
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Rauzi, Nicholas S. Kirkby, Matthew L. Edin, James Whiteford, Darryl C. Zeldin, Jane A. Mitchell, Timothy D. Warner
Article
Oncology
Bin Ma, James R. Whiteford, Sussan Nourshargh, Abigail Woodfin
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Cell Biology
Kate E. Hawkins, Shona Joy, Juliette M. K. M. Delhove, Vassilios N. Kotiadis, Emilio Fernandez, Lorna M. Fitzpatrick, James R. Whiteford, Peter J. King, Juan P. Bolanos, Michael R. Duchen, Simon N. Waddington, Tristan R. McKay
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
James R. Whiteford, Samantha Arokiasamy, Giulia De Rossi
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Rheumatology
Lars Godmann, Miriam Bollmann, Adelheid Korb-Pap, Ulrich Koenig, Joanna Sherwood, Denise Beckmann, Katja Muehlenberg, Frank Echtermeyer, James Whiteford, Giulia De Rossi, Thomas Pap, Jessica Bertrand
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Samantha Arokiasamy, Michaela J. M. Balderstone, Giulia De Rossi, James R. Whiteford
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Suzanne E. Eldridge, Aida Barawi, Hui Wang, Anke J. Roelofs, Magdalena Kaneva, Zeyu Guan, Helen Lydon, Bethan L. Thomas, Anne-Sophie Thorup, Beatriz F. Fernandez, Sara Caxaria, Danielle Strachan, Ahmed Ali, Kanatheepan Shanmuganathan, Costantino Pitzalis, James R. Whiteford, Frances Henson, Andrew W. McCaskie, Cosimo De Bari, Francesco Dell'Accio
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Anne-Sophie Thorup, Danielle Strachan, Sara Caxaria, Blandine Poulet, Bethan L. Thomas, Suzanne E. Eldridge, Giovanna Nalesso, James R. Whiteford, Costantino Pitzalis, Thomas Aigner, Roger Corder, Jessica Bertrand, Francesco Dell'Accio
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Raffaella Belvedere, Elva Morretta, Emanuela Pessolano, Nunzia Novizio, Alessandra Tosco, Amalia Porta, James Whiteford, Mauro Perretti, Amelia Filippelli, Maria Chiara Monti, Antonello Petrella
Summary: Mesoglycan induces the release of plasmin in endothelial cells by triggering a series of events starting from SDC4 activation, followed by src complex and PKC alpha activation, ultimately leading to the phosphorylation of ANXA2 and its translocation to the plasma membrane. This cascade mechanism connects mesoglycan with SDC4-(PKC alpha-src) and ANXA2, ultimately facilitating the release of plasmin and degradation of fibrin sleeves.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Giulia De Rossi, Maria Vahatupa, Enrico Cristante, Samantha Arokiasamy, Sidath E. Liyanage, Ulrike May, Laura Pellinen, Hannele Uusitalo-Jarvinen, James W. Bainbridge, Tero A. H. Jarvinen, James R. Whiteford
Summary: This study establishes the crucial role of SDC4 in pathological angiogenesis, particularly in eye diseases and tumor development. SDC4 is identified as a downstream mediator of VEGFA-induced vascular endothelial cadherin internalization, representing a potential target for antiangiogenic therapies.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Konstantin Tsoyi, Xiaoliang Liang, Giulia De Rossi, Stefan W. Ryter, Kevin Xiong, Sarah G. Chu, Xiaoli Liu, Bonna Ith, Lindsay J. Celada, Freddy Romero, Matthew J. Robertson, Anthony J. Esposito, Sergio Poli, Souheil El-Chemaly, Mark A. Perrella, YuanYuan Shi, James Whiteford, Ivan O. Rosas
Summary: CD148 phosphatase is downregulated in lung fibroblasts of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and its overexpression can reverse the profibrotic phenotype. Lack of CD148 leads to exacerbated fibrosis, while activation of CD148 reduces p62 accumulation and inhibits NF-kappa B-mediated profibrotic gene expression, exerting anti-fibrotic effects. Targeting the CD148 phosphatase with activating ligands like SDC2-pep may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for IPF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuela Pessolano, Raffaella Belvedere, Nunzia Novizio, Amelia Filippelli, Mauro Perretti, James Whiteford, Antonello Petrella
Summary: This study demonstrated that Mesoglycan promotes cell motility and angiogenesis by acting on the key receptor Syndecan-4. The research revealed that Mesoglycan exerts its pro-angiogenic effects by activating three interconnected molecular axes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Faheem Shaik, Michaela, J. M. Balderstone, Samantha Arokiasamy, James R. Whiteford
Summary: The purpose of this review is to explore the biological insights into the role of Syndecan-4 in both the injured heart and later during cardiac repair and remodeling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Regis Joulia, Idaira Maria Guerrero-Fonseca, Tamara Girbl, Jonathon A. Coates, Monja Stein, Laura Vazquez-Martinez, Eleanor Lynam, James Whiteford, Michael Schnoor, David Voehringer, Axel Roers, Sussan Nourshargh, Mathieu-Benoit Voisin
Summary: This study reveals that perivascular mast cells regulate the final steps of neutrophil diapedesis through the outer pericyte layer via IL-17A production, potentially providing insights for inflammatory disorders driven by increased neutrophil diapedesis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)