Article
Genetics & Heredity
Eva Lindholm Carlstrom, Adnan Niazi, Mitra Etemadikhah, Jonatan Halvardson, Stefan Enroth, Craig A. Stockmeier, Grazyna Rajkowska, Bo Nilsson, Lars Feuk
Summary: The study identified an up-regulation of multiple immune response genes, including genes from the complement system, in schizophrenia patients, indicating important differences in disease etiology within the patient group. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis highlighted networks associated with both synaptic transmission and immune response activation. These findings suggest the importance of immune-related pathways in schizophrenia pathology and provide evidence for elevated expression of the complement cascade in the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arianna De Rosa, Anna Di Maio, Silvia Torretta, Martina Garofalo, Valentina Giorgelli, Rita Masellis, Tommaso Nuzzo, Francesco Errico, Alessandro Bertolino, Srinivasa Subramaniam, Antonio Rampino, Alessandro Usiello
Summary: This study investigates the role of RasGRP1 in schizophrenia (SCZ) and its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target. The results suggest that RasGRP1 may mediate the risk for SCZ by involving the dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and peripheral blood. Further studies are encouraged to explore its mechanisms and clinical applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Baena Carstens, Raissa Campos D'amico, Karen Fernandes de Moura, Eduardo Morais de Castro, Flavia Centenaro, Giovanna Silva Barbosa, Guilherme Vieira Cavalcante da Silva, Isadora Brenny, Julio Cesar Honorio D'Agostini, Elisa Carolina Hlatchuk, Sabrina Pissette de Lima, Ana Paula Camargo Martins, Marina De Castro Deus, Carolline Konzen Klein, Ana Paula Kubaski Benevides, Seigo Nagashima, Cleber Machado-Souza, Ricardo A. Pinho, Cristina Pellegrino Baena, Lucia de Noronha
Summary: The activation of the inflammasome complex is significantly increased in COVID-19 patients, indicating its involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease. Additionally, levels of cell pyroptosis and inflammasome-derived cytokines are greatly elevated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yanaika S. Hok-A-Hin, Anke A. Dijkstra, Alberto Rabano, Jeroen J. Hoozemans, Lucia Castillo, Harro Seelaar, John C. van Swieten, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Marta Del Campo
Summary: This study found increased levels of APOL1 in FTLD post-mortem brain tissue, regardless of the pathological subtypes. APOL1 was mainly expressed in neuronal and glial cells, but did not co-localize with pTau or pTDP-43. However, the levels of APOL1 in CSF were comparable between FTD patients and controls, and between pathological subtypes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raphael Severino Bonadio, Larissa Barbosa Nunes, Patricia Natalia S. Moretti, Juliana Forte Mazzeu, Stefano Cagnin, Aline Pic-Taylor, Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira
Summary: The study analyzed the transcriptome of mouse brains after death in different environments and how these environments influenced post-mortem RNA abundance and biological processes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bill Qi, Sonia Boscenco, Janani Ramamurthy, Yannis J. Trakadis
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of machine learning in classifying schizophrenia cases and controls based on gene expression microarray data. The results show above-chance performance in classification and suggest that ML analysis of gene expressions can contribute to our understanding of schizophrenia's pathophysiology and aid in identifying novel treatments.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Melanie J. Grubisha, Robert A. Sweet, Matthew L. MacDonald
Summary: Although gene expression and translation have been extensively studied in psychiatric disease, post-translational modifications (PTMs), as well as the use of mass spectrometry methods, have received less attention despite their importance in regulating neuronal and circuit function. Researchers should focus more on studying PTMs and their potential implications in neurological disorders.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Livia J. De Picker, Gerardo Mendez Victoriano, Rhys Richards, Alexander J. Gorvett, Simeon Lyons, George R. Buckland, Tommaso Tofani, Jeanette L. Norman, David S. Chatelet, James A. R. Nicoll, Delphine Boche
Summary: The study investigated the immunophenotype of immune cells in the brains of schizophrenia patients, finding that microglia in these patients expressed more immune receptors, suggesting the importance of communication between central and peripheral immune systems in schizophrenia. Additionally, the symptomatic state and age of patients also affected the alterations in the immune environment.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Miguel Angel Garcia-Cabezas, Isabel Perez-Santos, Carmen Cavada
Summary: This article presents an instrument for stereotaxic cutting of post-mortem human brain hemispheres, allowing for the acquisition of brain slabs in the stereotaxic space of Talairach and Tournoux. The procedure for stereotaxic cutting in the coronal plane and the calculation of stereotaxic coordinates for histological sections are explained in detail.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
L. A. Wilson, L. Heraty, B. A. Ashford, S. Coelho, A. F. Frangi, J. M. Pozo, P. G. Ince, J. R. Highley
Summary: The study explored the potential benefits of using TMAs in neuropathology, demonstrating the effectiveness for evaluating microglial pathology and TDP-43 proteinopathy with reduced tissue, time, and reagent usage. The results indicate that TMAs could be a valuable tool for improving data acquisition efficiency in neuropathological research.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
E. E. Amelie Mock, Eveliina Honkonen, Laura Airas
Summary: Synaptic loss seems to be present throughout the central nervous system, but there are inconsistencies in the results, possibly due to variations in methodology. The dynamic nature of synaptic loss suggests that in vivo synaptic density measurements may provide a clearer understanding of this pathology.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Amira Ben Afia, Elia Vila, Karina S. MacDowell, Aida Ormazabal, Juan C. Leza, Josep M. Haro, Rafael Artuch, Belen Ramos, Borja Garcia-Bueno
Summary: The study found alterations in the kynurenine pathway in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of individuals with schizophrenia, highlighting associations with inflammatory mediators, monoamine metabolism, and symptomatology of the disorder.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gijsje J. L. J. Snijders, Marjolein A. M. Sneeboer, Alba Fernandez-Andreu, Evan Udine, Marco P. Boks, Paul R. Ormel, Amber Berdenis van Berlekom, Hans C. van Mierlo, Chotima Bottcher, Josef Priller, Towfique Raj, Elly M. Hol, Rene S. Kahn, Lot D. de Witte
Summary: The study found that in major depressive disorder, microglia exhibit changes in expression and function, but do not show signs of immune activation.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmed I. Al-Asmari, Hassan Alharbi, Torki A. Zughaibi
Summary: In this study, a method for the quantification of 6-monoacetylmorphine, 6-acetylcodeine, morphine, and codeine in postmortem stomach wall tissue was developed and validated. The method showed good linearity, precision, and accuracy. The results revealed the distribution of these substances in stomach wall tissue and suggested the usefulness of alternative matrices for investigating heroin-related fatalities.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Rana Fetit, Robert F. Hillary, David J. Price, Stephen M. Lawrie
Summary: Post-mortem studies of individuals with autism have revealed consistent abnormalities in brain tissue, such as reduced minicolumn numbers and aberrant myelination. Transcriptomics consistently implicate abnormalities in synaptic, metabolic, proliferation, apoptosis, and immune pathways in autism pathogenesis. Larger studies are needed to further investigate these findings and potential treatments.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Dominique Arion, John F. Enwright, Guillermo Gonzalez-Burgos, David A. Lewis
Summary: Reciprocal connections between primate dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices play a crucial role in cognitive processes, and the transcriptomes of layer 3 pyramidal neurons in different regions exhibit regional and projection type specificity.
Article
Psychiatry
Xiangning Xue, Wei Zong, Jill R. Glausier, Sam-Moon Kim, Micah A. Shelton, BaDoi N. Phan, Chaitanya Srinivasan, Andreas R. Pfenning, George C. Tseng, David A. Lewis, Marianne L. Seney, Ryan W. Logan
Summary: Severe disruptions to sleep and circadian rhythms are common in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). This study investigates molecular rhythm changes in the brains of individuals with OUD compared to unaffected subjects. The results suggest that transcriptional rhythms in key brain areas involved in OUD are disrupted, and these disruptions are associated with altered neurotransmission and sleep-related traits in opioid addiction.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Hyunjung Oh, Dwight Newton, David Lewis, Etienne Sibille
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) expressing cells in the human brain cortex and their association with major depressive disorder (MDD). The findings suggest that MDD is associated with reduced markers of inhibitory function in CRH-expressing neurons, providing further evidence for impaired GABAergic function in the cortex in MDD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinnyi Chou, Tejis Ranganath, Kenneth N. Fish, David A. Lewis, Robert A. Sweet
Summary: Changes in the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) are related to various psychiatric disorders. CB1R participates in regulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals. Previous studies mostly focused on rodents, so it is important to investigate the distribution patterns of CB1R in the human and non-human primate cortex. The findings show that CB1R is present in both excitatory and inhibitory boutons, with higher levels in inhibitory boutons.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kyle D. Ketchesin, Wei Zong, Mariah A. Hildebrand, Madeline R. Scott, Marianne L. Seney, Kelly M. Cahill, Vaishnavi G. Shankar, Jill R. Glausier, David A. Lewis, George C. Tseng, Colleen A. McClung
Summary: Psychosis is a defining feature of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and it is associated with disruptions in sleep and circadian rhythms. This study investigated the diurnal alterations in gene expression in the striatum of subjects with psychosis using RNA sequencing and differential expression and rhythmicity analyses. The findings revealed differential expression of immune-related transcripts and a loss of rhythmicity in core circadian clock genes in subjects with psychosis, as well as specific changes in mitochondrial-related transcripts, small nucleolar RNAs, and glutamatergic signaling in the nucleus accumbens.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kenneth N. Fish, Brad R. Rocco, James D. Wilson, David A. Lewis
Summary: This study found that GABA neurons in the prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia are impaired. The decrease in GAD67 messenger RNA levels in these patients affects a subset of calbindin-expressing GABA neurons.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Guillermo Gonzalez-Burgos, Takeaki Miyamae, Yosuke Nishihata, Olga L. Krimer, David A. Lewis
Summary: In schizophrenia, deficits in markers of excitatory synaptic inputs disrupt the patterns of neural network activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The study investigates the pruning of weak and immature synapses during periadolescence and finds that there is a uniform pattern of synaptic pruning across the full distribution of synaptic strengths in layer 3 pyramidal neurons. This finding has implications for understanding the pathogenesis and consequences of dendritic spine deficits in schizophrenia.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Aaron K. Jenkins, David A. Lewis, David W. Volk
Summary: Cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia may be caused by excessive immune response leading to the phagocytosis of dendritic spines by microglia. This study found increased levels of C4 and microglia-specific markers in schizophrenia patients, suggesting the involvement of immune processes in the development of schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Samuel J. Dienel, Kenneth N. Fish, David A. Lewis
Summary: A study found that mRNA levels of somatostatin (SST) and parvalbumin (PV) are lower in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in schizophrenia. It is unclear whether this is due to lower transcript levels per neuron or fewer neurons. Distinguishing between these possibilities is crucial for understanding DLPFC dysfunction in schizophrenia and developing new treatments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin F. Dowling, Samuel J. Dienel, Zackery Barile, H. Holly Bazmi, David A. Lewis
Summary: This study found that the transcript levels of GAD67 and GAD65 were lower in the DLPFC cortex of schizophrenia patients, especially in the superficial zone. This suggests that limitations in GABA synthesis in the superficial DLPFC may contribute to working memory impairments in schizophrenia.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Guillermo Gonzalez-Burgos, Takeaki Miyamae, Nita Reddy, Sidney Dawkins, Chloe Chen, Avyi Hill, John Enwright, Bard Ermentrout, David A. Lewis
Summary: In primates, the DLPFC and PPC cortices play crucial roles in the working memory network, with higher frequency oscillations observed in DLPFC. The higher frequency in DLPFC may be attributed to a greater quantity of synapses in the basal dendrites, leading to stronger synaptically evoked excitation and subsequently, increased oscillation frequency and power. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying regional differences in oscillation properties between brain regions.
Article
Psychiatry
Samuel J. Dienel, Kevin F. Dowling, Zackery Barile, H. Holly Bazmi, Amy Liu, Julia C. Vespoli, Kenneth N. Fish, David A. Lewis
Summary: This study aimed to quantify mRNA levels of somatostatin (SST) and related neuropeptides in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), or major depressive disorder (MDD). The findings revealed lower levels of SST mRNA in both superficial and deep zones of the DLPFC in SZ individuals, and lower levels of SST only in the superficial zone in the MDD group. Neuropeptide alterations in the superficial zone were associated with lower educational attainment in the SZ group.
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Daniel Chung, Brendan Gallagher, Tyler Tarr, Alan Watson, Aleksandra Klimas, Kenneth Fish, Simon Watkins, Stephen Meriney, Yongxin Zhao, David Lewis
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Stephen Folmsbee, Jason Newman, Robert Sweet, David Lewis, Susanne Ahmari
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Jill Glausier, David Lewis
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)