Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Levaro-Loquio, Jesus Serrano-Luna, Maritza Velasquez-Torres, German Higuera-Martinez, Ivonne Maciel Arciniega-Martinez, Aldo Arturo Resendiz-Albor, Nadia Mabel Perez-Vielma, Judith Pacheco-Yepez
Summary: The study evaluated the effect of kaempferol on Entamoeba histolytica, finding that kaempferol significantly reduced the viability of amoebic trophozoites and inhibited the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in E. histolytica. Additionally, kaempferol decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and myeloperoxidase activity in interactions between amoebae and neutrophils. Overall, kaempferol is an effective drug against E. histolytica and regulates multiple neutrophil mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lotem Sarid, Jingjing Sun, Jurairat Chittrakanwong, Meirav Trebicz-Geffen, Jun Ye, Peter C. Dedon, Serge Ankri
Summary: Queuosine is a modified nucleoside that occurs in transfer RNA and eukaryotes must obtain it from their diet or gut microbiota. This study demonstrates that Entamoeba histolytica can salvage queuosine from certain bacteria and identifies the enzyme EhDUF2419 as crucial for this process. The findings also suggest that queuosine plays a role in protecting E. histolytica against oxidative stress.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer S. Stancill, John A. Corbett
Summary: Oxidative stress is implicated in pancreatic beta-cell damage in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, potentially leading to dysfunction and death of beta cells. Beta cells are vulnerable to oxidative damage but have high expression of antioxidant enzymes which may help maintain their function and survival.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Walid S. Habashy, Marie C. Milfort, Romdhane Rekaya, Samuel E. Aggrey
Summary: Performance traits and mortality of chickens are negatively impacted by heat stress, with the thioredoxin pathway system potentially offering clues for nutritional strategies to mitigate these effects.
Article
Immunology
Xia Li, Meng Feng, Yanqing Zhao, Yuhan Zhang, Ruixue Zhou, Hang Zhou, Zhen Pang, Hiroshi Tachibana, Xunjia Cheng
Summary: Macrophages play a crucial role in combating amoebiasis by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to infection. Entamoeba histolytica can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through secretion of peroxiredoxins during interaction with host cells, potentially offering a novel therapeutic approach for this global threat.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shruti Nagaraja, Maggi W. Cai, Jingjing Sun, Hugo Varet, Lotem Sarid, Meirav Trebicz-Geffen, Yana Shaulov, Mohit Mazumdar, Rachel Legendre, Jean-Yves Coppee, Thomas J. Begley, Peter C. Dedon, Samudrala Gourinath, Nancy Guillen, Yumiko Saito-Nakano, Chikako Shimokawa, Hajime Hisaeda, Serge Ankri
Summary: Queuine has a dual role in promoting oxidative stress resistance and reducing virulence in the eukaryotic parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It is efficiently incorporated into the parasite's tRNAs and stimulates methylation, leading to protection against oxidative stress and downregulation of virulence-associated genes. Silencing of EhTGT prevents queuine incorporation, impairing parasite growth, oxidative stress resistance, and cytopathic activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heng Xu, Hongfang Zhao, Chunyong Ding, Defang Jiang, Zijie Zhao, Yang Li, Xiaoyu Ding, Jing Gao, Hu Zhou, Cheng Luo, Guoqiang Chen, Ao Zhang, Ying Xu, Hao Zhang
Summary: In this study, a text-mining-based web-server tool was developed to identify the target protein of Celastrol in colorectal cancer. PRDX1 was identified as the target, and a new derivative compound 19-048 with improved potency against PRDX1 was synthesized. Both Celastrol and 19-048 showed anti-tumor efficacy in colorectal cancer cells and in a mouse model. Structural modification of Celastrol could reduce its side effects, and inhibition of PRDX1 holds promise for colorectal cancer treatment.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yana Shaulov, Lotem Sarid, Meirav Trebicz-Geffen, Serge Ankri
Summary: The study demonstrates that Auranofin-adapted Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites exhibit impaired growth, increased sensitivity to oxidative and nitrosative stress, and reduced levels of oxidative products compared to acute AF-exposed trophozoites. Additionally, overexpression of the mammalian thioredoxin reductase does not protect the parasite against AF, indicating that it is not central to the adaptation mechanism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mojca Trstenjak Prebanda, Petra Matjan-Stefin, Boris Turk, Natasa Kopitar-Jerala
Summary: The study investigated the impact of lipopolysaccharide-triggered neuroinflammation on the protein levels of redox-sensitive proteins in the brain and cerebella of Stefin B-deficient mice. The results suggest a role of oxidative stress in the progression of the disease.
Review
Immunology
Amber Dorey, Krystyna Cwiklinski, James Rooney, Carolina De Marco Verissimo, Jesus Lopez Corrales, Heather Jewhurst, Barbara Fazekas, Nichola Eliza Davies Calvani, Siobhan Hamon, Siobhan Gaughan, John P. Dalton, Richard Lalor
Summary: Research has shown that the Prx1 and Trx1 of Fasciola hepatica play important roles in stress responses, not only acting as antioxidants, but also modulating host immune responses and inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Ascel Samba-Louaka, Elisabeth Labruyere, Mariette Matondo, Marie Locard-Paulet, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin, Nancy Guillen
Summary: Amoebae, including pathogenic species and free-living species, are found in both aquatic and terrestrial environments and pose significant threats to public health. They exist in two cellular forms, trophozoites and cysts, with the cyst stage being the resistant and disseminating form. Encystation is accompanied by stress responses and limited data suggest that it shares factors and mechanisms with stress responses in trophozoites exposed to toxic compounds. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying amoebae-specific stress responses is crucial for the development of effective therapies.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bogdan Jovanovic, Nina Eiermann, Deepti Talwar, Maria Boulougouri, Tobias P. Dick, Georg Stoecklin
Summary: Arsenic exerts its toxicity on cells through the inhibition of Trx1-induced SGs, which is crucial for cell survival in response to ASN exposure. The assembly of SGs plays a significant role in the toxic properties of ASN, highlighting the importance of Trx1 in cellular response to ASN exposure.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Serge Ankri
Summary: Amebiasis is a disease caused by the unicellular parasite Entamoeba histolytica, which can lead to dysentery and invasive extraintestinal complications. Recent studies suggest a significant role of gut microbiota in the development of the disease.
Article
Cell Biology
Jose R. Godoy, Sarah Pittrich, Svetlana Slavic, Christopher Horst Lillig, Eva-Maria Hanschmann, Reinhold G. Erben
Summary: Ischemia and reperfusion events, such as myocardial infarction (MI), can lead to remote organ damage, with Trx1 upregulation observed in the bone as a response to ischemia-reperfusion injury in the heart.
HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samiyah Alshehri, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Norah A. Albekairi, Sana S. Alqarni, Naif O. Al-Harbi, Laila Y. Al-Ayadhi, Sabry M. Attia, Ali S. Alfardan, Saleh A. Bakheet, Ahmed Nadeem
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder in children that is associated with exposure to heavy metals. Methylmercury may elevate systemic oxidative inflammation in ASD patients through dysregulation of the Trx1/TrxR1 redox system in neutrophils.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Leitsch
MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Parasitology
David Leitsch
Article
Parasitology
David Leitsch
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2017)
Review
Parasitology
David Leitsch, Catrin F. Williams, Ivan Hrdy
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Parasitology
Mirjana Drinic, Adriane Raninger, Andrea Zraunig, Florian Astelbauer, David Leitsch, Andreas Obwaller, Julia Walochnik, Harald Greger, Michael Duchene
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2019)
Article
Parasitology
Aline Lamien-Meda, David Leitsch
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joachim Mueller, Martina Vermathen, David Leitsch, Peter Vermathen, Norbert Mueller
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aline Lamien-Meda, Renate Schneider, Julia Walochnik, Herbert Auer, Ursula Wiedermann, David Leitsch
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martina Koehsler, David Leitsch, Norbert Mueller, Julia Walochnik
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Zain Baaity, Wafaa Jamal, Vincent O. Rotimi, Katalin Burian, David Leitsch, Ferenc Somogyvari, Elisabeth Nagy, Jozsef Soki
Summary: Research on metronidazole resistant Bacteroides and Phocaeicola dorei strains from Kuwait revealed the presence of resistant plasmids carrying nimE genes, as well as the tendency towards multidrug resistance among some strains. This suggests a need for adherence to antibiotic stewardship recommendations to address difficulties in treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Leitsch, Alvie Loufouma Mbouaka, Martina Kohsler, Norbert Muller, Julia Walochnik
Summary: The free-living amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii contains two different types of thioredoxin reductases in its genome, with the small TrxR being upregulated in response to oxidative stress. The role of the large TrxR, however, remains unclear in the organism's response to oxidative stress.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aline Lamien-Meda, Hans-Peter Fuehrer, David Leitsch, Harald Noedl
Summary: The development of a qPCR-HRM detection method for all human Plasmodium species, with high sensitivity and specificity, provides a novel tool for rapid and accurate malaria diagnosis, particularly for mono-infections. The method still faces limitations in resource-limited environments, but shows potential for use in research and epidemiological studies.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alvie Loufouma Mbouaka, David Leitsch, Martina Koehsler, Julia Walochnik
Summary: Acanthamoebae are opportunistic pathogens that can cause serious infections, including keratitis and encephalitis, and auranofin has shown potent antimicrobial activity against Acanthamoeba spp. in vitro, potentially aiding in the prevention and control of infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Virag Gehl, Ana Paunkov, David Leitsch
Summary: Trichomonads are a group of parasitic protists infecting various hosts, with Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus being medically and veterinary important. 5-nitroimidazoles like metronidazole are effective against trichomonads due to their microaerophilic/anaerobic nature. Drug resistance, particularly in T. vaginalis, has been linked to defective oxygen scavenging mechanisms, specifically involving flavin reductase and NADH oxidase. However, the involvement of these enzymes in metronidazole resistance remains unclear in T. foetus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Malgorzata Kupc, Ana Paunkov, Doris Strasser, Jozsef Soki, David Leitsch
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of Nim protein levels on low-level metronidazole resistance in B. fragilis. The results showed that the expression levels of nimA mRNA were correlated with the level of protection against metronidazole, and the activity of PFOR was only preserved at high levels of nimA expression in highly-resistant B. fragilis. Therefore, nimA expression levels may play a decisive role in the early stage of resistance development.