Article
Plant Sciences
Rohini Dwivedi, Marwa Farrag, Poonam Sharma, Deling Shi, Anter A. Shami, Sandeep K. Misra, Priya Ray, Jayanti Shukla, Fuming Zhang, Robert J. Linhardt, Joshua S. Sharp, Ritesh Tandon, Vitor H. Pomin
Summary: Two new sulfated glycans, TgFucCS and TgSF, were isolated from the sea cucumber Thyonella gemmata. NMR results revealed the structures and compositions of TgFucCS and TgSF. The inhibitory properties of these sulfated glycans against SARS-CoV-2 were investigated, and TgSF showed significant antiviral activity and low anticoagulant properties, making it a potential candidate for drug development.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Felix Goerdeler, Peter H. Seeberger, Oren Moscovitz
Summary: Malaria pathogenesis is closely linked to glycans on the surface of Plasmodium parasites and host cells, with complex glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycolipids playing a crucial role in parasite survival. Meanwhile, host cell glycocalyx and lectin expression serve as the first line of defense against parasites, directly impacting susceptibility to Plasmodium infection.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: Statins can effectively decrease circulating levels of cell adhesion molecules, including P-selectin, L-selectin, and E-selectin, which are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Research indicates that statins have a significant impact on reducing these selectins independently of baseline lipid profiles and other patient characteristics, potentially contributing to cardiovascular risk reduction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huiqian Huang, Amelie M. Joffrin, Yuan Zhao, Gregory M. Miller, Grace C. Zhang, Yuki Oka, Linda C. Hsieh-Wilson
Summary: This study demonstrates that 4-O-sulfated chondroitin sulfate polysaccharides play a critical role in the regulation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) and synapse development in the mouse hippocampus, impacting anxiety and cognitive functions such as social memory. Alterations in CS 4-O-sulfation lead to imbalanced synaptic ratios, elevated anxiety levels, and social memory dysfunction. Modulating CS 4-O-sulfation levels reversibly affects PNN densities and the balance of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Targeting CS 4-O-sulfation may offer therapeutic potential for addressing neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases associated with social cognitive dysfunction.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yan Xu, Kuo Wen, Aijun Liu, Xinna Wang, Hanying Xu, Hongjuan Wen
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of curculigoside, a kidney-tonifying drug, in regulating pathological conditions in the brain. The results showed that curculigoside could protect against ischemic brain injury by regulating oxidative stress and NF-κB and PI3K/Akt expression.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lutz Menzel, Maria Zschummel, Tadhg Crowley, Vedran Franke, Michael Grau, Carolin Ulbricht, Anja Hauser, Volker Siffrin, Marc Bajenoff, Sophie E. Acton, Altuna Akalin, Georg Lenz, Gerald Willimsky, Uta E. Hoepken, Armin Rehm
Summary: The study demonstrates that lymphoma leads to severe regression of high endothelial venules (HEVs) in the lymph nodes, disrupting immune cell trafficking and interactions in the microenvironment. This cascade of events involves the disruption of the lymph-carrying conduit system, deregulation of CCL21 migration paths, and loss of lymphotoxin-beta-receptor (LTbR) signaling, ultimately affecting HEV differentiation and lymphocyte transmigration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaganpreet Kaur, Yuefan Song, Ke Xia, Kevin McCarthy, Fuming Zhang, Robert J. Linhardt, Norman R. Harris
Summary: Hyperglycemia significantly increases the shedding of heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the retinal endothelial glycocalyx. Hyperglycemia also affects the gene expression of enzymes involved in GAG biosynthesis, potentially as compensatory responses to glycocalyx loss. Changes in disaccharide compositions and sulfation of HS and CS are observed in both RRMECs and retinas of diabetic rats.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Louise A. Johnson
Summary: The lymphatic system plays crucial roles in immunity, with specialized endothelial cells performing different functions. Afferent lymphatic capillaries have unique structures for efficient uptake and selective trafficking of immune cells. Furthermore, lymphatic endothelial cells exert remote control over leukocyte migration through soluble factors, promoting immune surveillance and tolerance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yizhi Jiang, Yaqiong Tang, Christopher Hoover, Yuji Kondo, Dongping Huang, Damien Restagno, Bojing Shao, Liang Gao, J. Michael McDaniel, Meixiang Zhou, Robert Silasi-Mansat, Samuel McGee, Miao Jiang, Xia Bai, Florea Lupu, Changgeng Ruan, Jamey D. Marth, Depei Wu, Yue Han, Lijun Xia
Summary: The study found that CLEC4F is a key receptor on Kupffer cells in the liver that mediates the phagocytosis of desialylated platelets. This discovery provides new insights into the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia in disease conditions like sepsis.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Harkanwalpreet S. Sodhi, Alyssa Panitch
Summary: A nanoparticle technology that utilizes electrostatic complexation with Dermatan sulfate (DS) has been developed to enhance and prolong the bioactivity of a MAP kinase 2 inhibitor peptide (MK2i). These DS-MK2i nanoparticles, prepared without stabilizing polymers or crosslinking, exhibit smaller particle size, lower polydispersity index, and specific zeta potential, as well as shelf stability and responsiveness to pH. They are also more effective than peptide alone in suppressing cytokine secretion in inflamed keratinocytes in the presence of serum, providing a convenient approach for peptide delivery in conditions like atopic dermatitis without serum-starvation in vitro testing.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel K. Afosah, Rawan M. Fayyad, Valerie R. Puliafico, Spencer Merrell, Eltice K. Langmia, Sophie R. Diagne, Rami A. Al-Horani, Umesh R. Desai
Summary: Researchers identified a synthetic molecule, octasulfated di-quercetin NSGM 25, which effectively inhibits CatG as well as other pro-inflammatory proteases. NSGM 25 demonstrated no bleeding risk and could potentially be used for a multi-pronged anti-inflammatory approach in treating various inflammatory disorders.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Liu, Wei Xiong, Wenxin Liu, Jotaro Hirakawa, Hiroto Kawashima
Summary: A newly developed monoclonal antibody SF1 has been found to specifically interact with 6-sulfo sLex glycoprotein expressed on high endothelial venules (HEVs) and inhibit lymphocyte homing and immune responses, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent against immune-related diseases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Bilal Hussain, Vivek Kasinath, Gabriel P. Ashton-Rickardt, Thomas Clancy, Kenji Uchimura, George Tsokos, Reza Abdi
Summary: High endothelial venules (HEVs) are specialized blood vessels that support the migration of lymphocytes. They are formed in organs affected by chronic inflammation and cancer. HEVs play a crucial role in cancer treatment and immunotherapy. This review discusses the characteristics of HEVs, the mechanisms of their formation, HEV-dependent immunotherapies, and the potential use of HEV-targeted therapies in the treatment of cancer and immune-mediated diseases.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jusung Lee, Mengqi Chai, Christian Bleiholder
Summary: This study presents a new approach for the identification of isomeric carbohydrates using tandem-ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry methods. The results show that the cross sections measured by TIMS are precise and robust for ion identification. Additionally, fragment ion cross sections and low-abundant fragment ions can be utilized for the analysis and identification of carbohydrate precursors, even without prior ion mobility separation.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Priscilla Natalia, Julia Zwirchmayr, Ieva Rudzionyte, Alexandra Pulsinger, Johannes M. Breuss, Pavel Uhrin, Judith M. Rollinger, Rainer de Martin
Summary: Based on scientific research and traditional use, this study investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of red sandalwood in IL-1 stimulated endothelial cells. The results showed that red sandalwood extract can suppress the induction of molecules that mediate leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, while stimulating the activation of the JNK signaling pathway. Gene expression profiling revealed that red sandalwood extract selectively inhibits certain IL-1 induced genes and stimulates the expression of negative regulatory genes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)