Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohsen Hanifeh, Thomas Spillmann, Mirja Huhtinen, Yannes S. Sclivagnotis, Thomas Gronthal, Ulla Hynoenen
Summary: The study demonstrates that canine-derived Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium strains adhere better to the duodenal mucosa of healthy beagles compared to chicken-derived strains, with canine E. faecalis showing the highest hydrophobicity levels. This suggests that both bacterial species and host origin may influence mucosal adhesion.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yingying Xiang, Chunlan Ma, Shuang Yin, Fei Song, Kunhao Qin, Yafang Ding, Xianghong Yang, Pengfei Song, Xiuling Ji, Yunlin Wei
Summary: This study investigated the resistance against Enterococcus faecalis infection using phage therapy and found that phage PEf771 showed significant antibacterial effect and prevention of infection.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sonika Ahlawat, Vikas Choudhary, Reena Arora, Ashish Kumar, Mandeep Kaur, Pooja Chhabra
Summary: The molecular changes occurring in response to in vivo Theileria annulata parasitic infection in the host are not well known. This study compared the differential expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between Theileria annulata-infected and non-infected crossbred cows using RNA sequencing. Genes associated with innate immunity showed significant differences between the two groups. Pathways related to the immune system and mitotic cycle regulation were enriched in infected cows, while pathways associated with chromatin integrity and cell structure were enriched in non-infected animals. The highly connected genes identified in this study have the potential to further investigate host-parasite interactions in cattle. Understanding the transcriptomic dynamics during theileriosis can provide insights into molecular-level differences related to cattle health.
Article
Entomology
Carlotta Bidoli, Andrea Miccoli, Francesco Buonocore, Anna Maria Fausto, Marco Gerdol, Simona Picchietti, Giuseppe Scapigliati
Summary: Non-model insect species like European stick insect lack genomic resources, hindering the understanding of their physiology. This study investigated the transcriptional signatures of stick insect hemocytes after a short-term LPS stimulation, revealing differentially expressed genes and immune signal modulation.
Article
Microbiology
Li Zhang, Dan Song, Zufang Wu
Summary: The study demonstrates that Cyclocarya paliurus flavonoids can enhance the tolerance of E. faecalis to low pH environment by influencing the expression of genes related to cell wall and membrane, metabolism, etc. This finding deepens our understanding of the beneficial role of CPF on probiotics in the gastrointestinal environment.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yi Liu, Daniel Martinez-Martinez, Clara L. Essmann, Melissa R. Cruz, Filipe Cabreiro, Danielle A. Garsin
Summary: SKPO-1, a peroxidase in C. elegans, plays a role in pathogen sensitivity and cuticle development. Its loss results in dysregulation of genes related to cuticle development and failure to upregulate guanylyl cyclases involved in environmental sensing. These findings provide insights into the phenotypes associated with loss of SKPO-1 function.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Eswar Rao Tatta, Sayan Paul, Ranjith Kumavath
Summary: In this study, the effects of the novel molecule rhodethrin in combination with chloramphenicol on Enterococcus faecalis were evaluated using RNA-Seq, and differentially expressed genes were identified. Transcriptome analysis showed that the combination of rhodethrin and chloramphenicol significantly suppressed biofilm formation, quorum sensing, and resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sung Hyun Bae, Sunghyun Yoon, Koeun Kim, Yeong Bin Kim, Young Ju Lee
Summary: The study compared chloramphenicol-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from bulk tank milk of four major dairy companies in Korea. Results showed significant differences in antimicrobial resistance genes and the emergence of resistance among the dairy companies, emphasizing the need for effective surveillance programs at a multidisciplinary level.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kiran Khandagale, Praveen Roylawar, Onkar Kulkarni, Pravin Khambalkar, Avinash Ade, Abhijeet Kulkarni, Major Singh, Suresh Gawande
Summary: Through RNAseq analysis, we identified differentially expressed genes in onion in response to Purple Blotch (PB) infection caused by Alternaria porri. These genes are involved in defense responses, signaling, and other molecular mechanisms. This study provides valuable insights for understanding the interaction between onion and A. porri, as well as improving PB resistance in onions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natalia Nunez, Aurelie Derre-Bobillot, Nicolas Trainel, Goran Lakisic, Alexandre Lecomte, Francoise Mercier-Nome, Anne-Marie Cassard, Helene Bierne, Pascale Serror, Cristel Archambaud
Summary: This study reveals the ability of Enterococcus faecalis to survive and proliferate in hepatocytes and exhibit similar behaviors in kidney cells. This finding is of great significance for understanding pathobiont-driven diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Kristy D. Wendt, Jared Brown, Vlasta Lungova, Vidisha Mohad, Christina Kendziorski, Susan L. Thibeault
Summary: This study investigates the relationship and function of the larynx, trachea, and esophagus during embryonic development through transcriptional profiling. It identifies interrelated gene sets governing the organogenesis of this tripartite organ system and provides insights into disorders associated with cardiocraniofacial syndromes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alba Alvarez-Morezuelas, Leire Barandalla, Enrique Ritter, Jose Ignacio Ruiz de Galarreta
Summary: In this study, the gene expression differences between control and water-stressed potato plants were analyzed using RNAseq. The variety Agria showed a better stress response compared to Zorba, with more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected. The most highly expressed gene under drought conditions was Abscisic acid and environmental stress-inducible protein TAS14-like. Several metabolic pathways and cellular components were found to be affected by water stress, providing valuable information for breeding more tolerant potato varieties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sophie M. Brouwer, Maja Brus-Szkalej, Ganapathi V. Saripella, Dong Liang, Erland Liljeroth, Laura J. Grenville-Briggs
Summary: Potato early blight, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria solani, can lead to yield losses of up to 50% if left uncontrolled. Current control strategies using chemical fungicides are not sustainable due to rapid development of fungicide resistance. Lack of understanding of potato defences and resistance mechanisms hinders the development of more sustainable control methods.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wiriya Maisat, Koichi Yuki
Summary: This study investigated the role of ion channels/transporters and volatile anesthetics in biofilm formation by E. faecalis. The chloride transporter mutant showed reduced biofilm formation compared to the parental strain, while isoflurane exposure enhanced biofilm formation. These findings provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of E. faecalis biofilm formation and highlight the potential impact of ion transporters and volatile anesthetics on this process.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jianyan Qi, Min Gong, Rui Zhang, Yumeng Song, Qian Liu, Hongyan Zhou, Jue Wang, Yufeng Mei
Summary: Tea tree essential oil (TTO) is known for its traditional medicinal uses and earlier research has shown its effectiveness in inhibiting oral microorganisms. This study found that TTO can destroy cell membrane, inhibit biofilm formation, and eliminate mature biofilms of E. faecalis, suggesting its potential as a novel antibacterial drug.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Dudek, Dominik Pfister, Sainitin Donakonda, Pamela Filpe, Annika Schneider, Melanie Laschinger, Daniel Hartmann, Norbert Hueser, Philippa Meiser, Felix Bayerl, Donato Inverso, Jennifer Wigger, Marcial Sebode, Rupert Oellinger, Roland Rad, Silke Hegenbarth, Martina Anton, Adrien Guillot, Andrew Bowman, Danijela Heide, Florian Mueller, Pierluigi Ramadori, Valentina Leone, Cristina Garcia-Caceres, Tim Gruber, Gabriel Seifert, Agnieszka M. Kabat, Jan-Philipp Malm, Simon Reider, Maria Effenberger, Susanne Roth, Adrian T. Billeter, Beat Mueller-Stich, Edward J. Pearce, Friedrich Koch-Nolte, Rafael Kaeser, Herbert Tilg, Robert Thimme, Tobias Boettler, Frank Tacke, Jean-Francois Dufour, Dirk Haller, Peter J. Murray, Ron Heeren, Dietmar Zehn, Jan P. Boettcher, Mathias Heikenwaelder, Percy A. Knolle
Summary: Liver resident CD8 T cells play an essential role in immunopathology in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. These cells display specific phenotypic and metabolic characteristics in the liver, making them susceptible to metabolic stimuli and leading to auto-aggressive responses. This study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying liver damage in NASH and highlights the distinction between auto-aggressive and protective T cell immunity.
Article
Microbiology
Taylor A. Breuninger, Nina Wawro, Jakob Breuninger, Sandra Reitmeier, Thomas Clavel, Julia Six-Merker, Giulia Pestoni, Sabine Rohrmann, Wolfgang Rathmann, Annette Peters, Harald Grallert, Christa Meisinger, Dirk Haller, Jakob Linseisen
Summary: This study found that habitual dietary intake significantly affects the structure of gut microbial subgroups and is associated with the prevalence of metabolic diseases/risk factors. These results not only expand upon current knowledge of diet-microbiota-disease relationships, but also suggest that diet may impact certain microbial groups, potentially affecting human health.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Olivia Coleman, Miriam Ecker, Dirk Haller
Summary: Lipid metabolism plays an important role in colorectal cancer as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target. Recent studies have highlighted the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and the inhibitory effect of intestinal microbiota on lipid metabolism. Cellular stress responses are also involved in regulating lipid synthesis and homeostasis. A better understanding of the complex interplay between lipid metabolism, cellular stress, and the intestinal microbiota may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amira Metwaly, Sandra Reitmeier, Dirk Haller
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a significant role in human pathologies, with dysbiosis linked to various diseases. However, current understanding of the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota affects health remains limited.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David Schult, Sandra Reitmeier, Plamena Koyumdzhieva, Tobias Lahmer, Moritz Middelhof, Johanna Erber, Jochen Schneider, Juliane Kager, Marina Frolova, Julia Horstmann, Lisa Fricke, Katja Steiger, Moritz Jesinghaus, Klaus-Peter Janssen, Ulrike Protzer, Klaus Neuhaus, Roland M. Schmid, Dirk Haller, Michael Quante
Summary: There is an ongoing debate about the role of the gut microbiome in COVID-19. This study analyzed fecal and saliva samples from COVID-19 patients and controls to investigate the impact of the microbiome on disease severity. The results showed that the composition of the gut and oral microbiota was associated with COVID-19-related complications and disease progression, and a model was developed to estimate mortality based on microbial profiles.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beate Brandl, Rachel Rennekamp, Sandra Reitmeier, Katarzyna Pietrynik, Sebastian Dirndorfer, Dirk Haller, Thomas Hofmann, Thomas Skurk, Hans Hauner
Summary: This study investigated the acceptance and consumption of fiber-enriched foods and found that they can increase fiber intake in middle-aged individuals, providing a simple and novel strategy to improve fiber intake in the population.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Toxicology
Gerhard Eisenbrand, Matthias Baum, Alexander T. Cartus, Patrick Diel, Karl-Heinz Engel, Barbara Engeli, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Sabine Guth, Dirk Haller, Volker Heinz, Michael Hellwig, Jan G. Hengstler, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine Kulling, Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Alfonso Lampen, Marcel Leist, Angela Mally, Doris Marko, Ute Noethlings, Elke Roehrdanz, Angelika Roth, Joachim Spranger, Richard Stadler, Stefan Vieths, Wim Waetjen, Pablo Steinberg
Summary: After the ingestion of nitrate/nitrite and acetaldehyde/ethanol in diet, sustained exposure to nitrite and acetaldehyde may result in combination effects. These effects could affect the upper gastrointestinal tract locally and have systemic effects on the formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC). Salivary concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, and acetaldehyde increase after ingestion, absorption, and distribution, reflecting their plasma kinetics and secretion through the salivary glands and microbial/enzymatic metabolism in the oral cavity. Combination effects in the oral cavity and upper digestive tract have not been extensively studied. This Guest Editorial reviews the evidence on exposure levels and biokinetics of nitrate/nitrite/NOx, NOC, and acetaldehyde, and identifies knowledge gaps on combination effects. Further research is needed to address these unresolved issues.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matsepo Ramaboli, Lucky Nesengani, Leolin Katsidzira, Dirk Haller, James Kinross, Soeren Ocvirk, Stephen J. D. O'Keefe
Summary: The symposium aimed to facilitate experience exchange between the West and Africa in the microbiome field, exploring the inhibitory effects of traditional high fiber diets in Africa on noncommunicable diseases and expressing concerns about the spread of NCDs through westernization. The urgency of establishing joint research programs to develop prevention strategies was emphasized.
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Eva Rath, Dirk Haller
Summary: The intestinal epithelium, as the most regenerative tissue in the human body, is closely associated with the microbial milieu of the microbiome and immune cells in terms of its functions and regeneration. Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic reprogramming of epithelial cells may affect the regenerative capacity of intestinal tissue, leading to the development of inflammatory bowel disease.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alice J. Sommer, Annette Peters, Martina Rommel, Josef Cyrys, Harald Grallert, Dirk Haller, Christian L. Mueller, Marie-Abele C. Bind
Summary: Statistical analysis of microbial genomic data within epidemiological cohort studies is important for assessing the influence of environmental exposures on both the host and the host-associated microbiome. However, the observational nature of such data and the complexity of microbiome data make it challenging to discover causal associations between environment and microbiome.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jan G. Hengstler, Matthias Baum, Alexander T. Cartus, Patrick Diel, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Karl-Heinz Engel, Barbara Engeli, Bernd Epe, Tilman Grune, Sabine Guth, Dirk Haller, Volker Heinz, Michael Hellwig, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Henry Jaeger, Hans-Georg Joost, Sabine E. Kulling, Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Alfonso Lampen, Marcel Leist, Angela Mally, Doris Marko, Ute Noethlings, Elke Roehrdanz, Angelika Roth, Joachim Spranger, Richard Stadler, Pablo Steinberg, Stefan Vieths, Wim Waetjen
Summary: Acetaldehyde is naturally present in many foods and used as a flavoring agent. However, there is uncertainty regarding its carcinogenicity and genotoxic potential after oral exposure. Due to incomplete data and concerns about its genotoxicity, a science-based health risk assessment for the use of acetaldehyde as a flavoring agent is not currently possible. Therefore, a re-evaluation of the use of acetaldehyde as a food additive is recommended for precautionary consumer protection.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexander Dietrich, Monica Steffi Matchado, Maximilian Zwiebel, Benjamin Oelke, Michael Lauber, Ilias Lagkouvardos, Jan Baumbach, Dirk Haller, Beate Brandl, Thomas Skurk, Hans Hauner, Sandra Reitmeier, Markus List
Summary: 16S rRNA gene profiling is a widely used technique in microbiome research, but few platforms offer a user-friendly interface and comprehensive analysis pipeline. Namco is an R shiny application that provides a streamlined interface and serves as a one-stop solution for microbiome analysis. By studying the association between a rich fiber diet and gut microbiota composition, Namco helped to prove the hypothesis that fiber-enriched intervention prompts butyrate-producing bacteria.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Taylor A. Breuninger, Nina Wawro, Dennis Freuer, Sandra Reitmeier, Anna Artati, Harald Grallert, Jerzy Adamski, Christa Meisinger, Annette Peters, Dirk Haller, Jakob Linseisen
Summary: Bile acids, neutral sterols, and the gut microbiome are closely related and have an impact on human health and metabolism. This study found significant associations between bile acids and several microbial subgroups, and identified a trend where microbial subgroups associated with healthy factors were inversely related to fecal bile acid levels, while subgroups associated with unhealthy factors were positively related to fecal bile acid levels.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miriam Ecker, Dirk Haller
Summary: Metabolic diseases are associated with changes in the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota. Evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota plays a causal role in the initiation and progression of these diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Microorganisms, either alone or in dysbiotic consortia, may regulate energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, energy extraction from diet, as well as intestinal barrier and immune function. Microbial treatment options, including fecal microbiota transplantation, are being discussed for metabolic diseases, but further clinical and experimental validation is needed.
GYNAKOLOGISCHE ENDOKRINOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rahul Kumar, Ajay K. Chaudhary, Jordan Woytash, Joseph R. Inigo, Abhiram A. Gokhale, Wiam Bshara, Kristopher Attwood, Jianmin Wang, Joseph A. Spernyak, Eva Rath, Neelu Yadav, Dirk Haller, David W. Goodrich, Dean G. Tang, Dhyan Chandra
Summary: The study identified the essential roles of mitochondrial proteins HSP60 and ClpP in the development of prostate cancer, highlighting their importance in maintaining mitochondrial function and promoting cancer cell survival. Inhibition of the interaction between HSP60 and ClpP can suppress PCa growth and progression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
